Use of classification trees to apportion single echo detections to species: Application to the pelagic fish community of Lake Superior
Daniel L. Yule, Jean V. Adams, Thomas R. Hrabik, Mark R. Vinson, Zebadiah Woiak, Tyler D. Ahrenstroff
2013, Fisheries Research (140) 123-132
Acoustic methods are used to estimate the density of pelagic fish in large lakes with results of midwater trawling used to assign species composition. Apportionment in lakes having mixed species can be challenging because only a small fraction of the water sampled acoustically is sampled with trawl gear. Here we...
Rapid increases and time-lagged declines in amphibian occupancy after wildfire
Blake R. Hossack, Winsor H. Lowe, Paul Stephen Corn
2013, Conservation Biology (27) 219-228
Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and severity of drought and wildfire. Aquatic and moisture-sensitive species, such as amphibians, may be particularly vulnerable to these modified disturbance regimes because large wildfires often occur during extended droughts and thus may compound environmental threats. However, understanding of the effects of...
Effects of drought on birds and riparian vegetation in the Colorado River Delta, Mexico
Osvel Hinojosa-Huerta, Pamela L. Nagler, Yamilett K. Carrillo-Guererro, Edward P. Glenn
2013, Ecological Engineering (51) 275-281
The riparian corridor in the delta of the Colorado River in Mexico supports internationally important bird habitat. The vegetation is maintained by surface flows from the U.S. and Mexico and by a high, non-saline aquifer into which the dominant phreatophytic shrubs and trees are rooted. We studied the effects of...
Using isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon species and water to separate sources of recharge in a cave spring, northwestern Arkansas, USA Blowing Spring Cave
Katherine J. Knierim, Erik Pollock, Phillip D. Hays
2013, Acta Carsologica (42) 261-276
Blowing Spring Cave in northwestern Arkansas is representative of cave systems in the karst of the Ozark Plateaus, and stable isotopes of water (δ18O and δ2H) and inorganic carbon (δ13C) were used to quantify soil-water, bedrock-matrix water, and precipitation contributions to cave-spring flow during storm events to understand controls on...
Plausible combinations: An improved method to evaluate the covariate structure of Cormack-Jolly-Seber mark-recapture models
Jeffrey F. Bromaghin, Trent L. McDonald, Steven C. Amstrup
2013, Open Journal Of Ecology (3) 11-22
Mark-recapture models are extensively used in quantitative population ecology, providing estimates of population vital rates, such as survival, that are difficult to obtain using other methods. Vital rates are commonly modeled as functions of explanatory covariates, adding considerable flexibility to mark-recapture models, but also increasing the subjectivity and complexity of...
Present weather and climate: evolving conditions
Martin P Hoerling, Michael Dettinger, Klaus Wolter, Jeff Lukas, Jon K. Eischeid, Rama Nemani, Brant Liebmann, Kenneth E. Kunkel
2013, Book chapter, Assessment of climate change in southwest United States: a report prepared for the National Climate Assessment
This chapter assesses weather and climate variability and trends in the Southwest, using observed climate and paleoclimate records. It analyzes the last 100 years of climate variability in comparison to the last 1,000 years, and links the important features of evolving climate conditions to river flow variability in four of...
Mapping grassland productivity with 250-m eMODIS NDVI and SSURGO database over the Greater Platte River Basin, USA
Yingxin Gu, Bruce K. Wylie, Norman B. Bliss
2013, Ecological Indicators (24) 31-36
This study assessed and described a relationship between satellite-derived growing season averaged Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and annual productivity for grasslands within the Greater Platte River Basin (GPRB) of the United States. We compared growing season averaged NDVI (GSN) with Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database rangeland productivity and flux...
Working with strainmeter data
Kathleen M. Hodgkinson, Duncan Agnew, Evelyn A. Roeloffs
2013, Eos, Earth and Space Science News (94) 91-91
The Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO), the geodetic component of the U.S. National Science Foundation–funded Earthscope program, includes 75 borehole and 6 laser strainmeters (http://pbo.unavco.org). The strainmeters are installed at several locations: on the Cascadia forearc in Washington state and on Vancouver Island,...
A preliminary deposit model for lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites
Dwight Bradley, Andrew McCauley
2013, Open-File Report 2013-1008
This report is part of an effort by the U.S. Geological Survey to update existing mineral deposit models and to develop new ones. We emphasize practical aspects of pegmatite geology that might directly or indirectly help in exploration for lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatites, or for assessing regions for pegmatite-related mineral resource...
Rupture history of the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, China, earthquake: Evaluation of separate and joint inversions of geodetic, teleseismic, and strong-motion data
Stephen H. Hartzell, Carlos Mendoza, Leonardo Ramírez-Guzmán, Yuesha Zeng, Walter Mooney
2013, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (103) 353-370
An extensive data set of teleseismic and strong-motion waveforms and geodetic offsets is used to study the rupture history of the 2008 Wenchuan, China, earthquake. A linear multiple-time-window approach is used to parameterize the rupture. Because of the complexity of the Wenchuan faulting, three separate planes are used to represent...
Identification of contamination in a lake sediment core using Hg and Pb isotopic compositions, Lake Ballinger, Washington, USA
John E. Gray, Michael J. Pribil, Peter C. Van Metre, David M. Borrok, Anita Thapalia
2013, Applied Geochemistry (29) 1-12
Concentrations and isotopic compositions of Hg and Pb were measured in a sediment core collected from Lake Ballinger, near Seattle, Washington, USA. Lake Ballinger has been affected by input of metal contaminants emitted from the Tacoma smelter, which operated from 1887 to 1986 and was located about 53 km south...
Frequency and Severity of Trauma in Fishes Subjected to Multiple-pass Depletion Electrofishing
Frank Panek, Christine L. Densmore
2013, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (33) 178-185
The incidence and severity of trauma associated with multiple-pass electrofishing and the effects on short-term (30-d) survival and growth of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, and five representative co-inhabiting nontarget or bycatch species were examined. Fish were held in four rectangular fiberglass tanks (190 × 66 cm)...
Are we moving past the pixel? The growth of the third dimension in national landscape mapping
Jason M. Stoker
2013, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (79) 133-134
Biodiversity losses and conservation trade-offs: Assessing future urban growth scenarios for a North American trade corridor
Miguel L. Villarreal, Laura M. Norman, Cynthia S.A. Wallace, Kenneth G. Boykin
2013, International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services and Management (9) 90-103
The Sonoran Desert and Apache Highlands ecoregions of North America are areas of exceptionally high plant and vertebrate biodiversity. However, much of the vertebrate biodiversity is supported by only a few vegetation types with limited distributions, some of which are increasingly threatened by changing land uses. We assessed the impacts...
Towards integration of GLAS data into a national fuels mapping program
Birgit E. Peterson, Kurtis Nelson, Bruce Wylie
2013, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (79) 175-183
Comprehensive canopy structure and fuel data are critical for understanding and modeling wildland fire. The LANDFIRE project produces such data nationwide based on a collection of field observations, Landsat imagery, and other geospatial data. Where field data are not available, alternate strategies are being investigated. In this study, vegetation structure...
Rapid runoff via shallow throughflow and deeper preferential flow in a boreal catchment underlain by frozen silt (Alaska, USA)
Joshua C. Koch, Stephanie A. Ewing, Robert G. Striegl, Diane M. McKnight
2013, Hydrogeology Journal (21) 93-106
In high-latitude catchments where permafrost is present, runoff dynamics are complicated by seasonal active-layer thaw, which may cause a change in the dominant flowpaths as water increasingly contacts mineral soils of low hydraulic conductivity. A 2-year study, conducted in an upland catchment in Alaska (USA) underlain by frozen, well-sorted eolian...
Evaluating ion exchange resin efficiency and oxidative capacity for the separation of uranium(IV) and uranium(VI)
Deborah L. Stoliker, Douglas B. Kent, Nazila Kaviani, James A. Davis
2013, Geochemical Transactions (14)
Shifts in stable-isotope signatures confirm parasitic relationship of freshwater mussel glochidia attached to host fish
Mark W. Fritts, Andrea K. Fritts, Scott A. Carleton, Robert B. Bringolf
2013, Journal of Molluscan Studies (79) 163-167
The parasitic nature of the association between glochidia of unionoidean bivalves and their host fish (i.e. the role of fish hosts in providing nutritional resources to the developing glochidia) is still uncertain. While previous work has provided descriptions of development of glochidia on fish hosts, earlier studies have not explicitly...
Crowdsourcing to Acquire Hydrologic Data and Engage Citizen Scientists: CrowdHydrology
Michael N. Fienen, Chris Lowry
2013, Ground Water (51) 151-156
Spatially and temporally distributed measurements of processes, such as baseflow at the watershed scale, come at substantial equipment and personnel cost. Research presented here focuses on building a crowdsourced database of inexpensive distributed stream stage measurements. Signs on staff gauges encourage citizen scientists to voluntarily send hydrologic measurements (e.g., stream...
Fishery population and habitat assessment in Puerto Rico streams: Phase 2 final report
Thomas J. Kwak, William E. Smith, Elissa N. Buttermore, Patrick B. Cooney, W. Gregory Cope
2013, Report
This document serves as the Final Report for research on Puerto Rico stream fishes and their habitat funded by the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, in the form of a grant to the North Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. This research was also conducted to...
Site Response and Basin Waves in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, California
Jon Peter B. Fletcher, John Boatwright
2013, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (103) 196-210
The Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta is an inland delta at the western extent of the Central Valley. Levees were built around swampy islands starting after the Civil War to reclaim these lands for farming. Various studies show that these levees could fail in concert from shaking from a major local or...
The utility of atmospheric analyses for the mitigation of artifacts in InSAR
James Foster, John Kealy, Tiziana Cherubini, S. Businger, Zhong Lu, Michael Murphy
2013, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (118) 748-758
The numerical weather models (NWMs) developed by the meteorological community are able to provide accurate analyses of the current state of the atmosphere in addition to the predictions of the future state. To date, most attempts to apply the NWMs to estimate the refractivity of the atmosphere at the time...
Late quaternary slip-rate variations along the Warm Springs Valley fault system, northern Walker Lane, California-Nevada border
Ryan Gold, Craig dePolo, Richard W. Briggs, Anthony Crone, John Goss
2013, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (103) 542-558
The extent to which faults exhibit temporally varying slip rates has important consequences for models of fault mechanics and probabilistic seismic hazard. Here, we explore the temporal behavior of the dextral‐slip Warm Springs Valley fault system, which is part of a network of closely spaced (10–20 km) faults in the...
High-Resolution geophysical data from the inner continental shelf at Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts
Brian D. Andrews, Seth D. Ackerman, Wayne E. Baldwin, David S. Foster, William C. Schwab
2013, Open-File Report 2012-1006
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM) have mapped approximately 340 square kilometers of the inner continental shelf in Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts, under a cooperative mapping program. The geophysical data collected between 2009 and 2011 by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of...
A preliminary deposit model for lithium brines
Dwight Bradley, LeeAnn Munk, Hillary Jochens, Scott Hynek, Keith A. Labay
2013, Open-File Report 2013-1006
This report is part of an effort by the U.S. Geological Survey to update existing mineral deposit models and to develop new ones. The global transition away from hydrocarbons toward energy alternatives increases demand for many scarce metals. Among these is lithium, a key component of lithium-ion batteries for electric...
