Land-use controls on sources and processing of nitrate in small watersheds: Insights from dual isotopic analysis
R.T. Barnes, P.A. Raymond
2010, Ecological Applications (20) 1961-1978
Studies have repeatedly shown that agricultural and urban areas export considerably more nitrogen to streams than forested counterparts, yet it is difficult to identify and quantify nitrogen sources to streams due to complications associated with terrestrial and in-stream biogeochemical processes. In this study, we used the isotopic composition of nitrate...
Radiometric, geometric, and image quality assessment of ALOS AVNIR-2 and PRISM sensors
S. Saunier, P. Goryl, G. Chander, R. Santer, M. Bouvet, B. Collet, A. Mambimba, Aksakal S. Kocaman
2010, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (48) 3855-3866
The Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) was launched on January 24, 2006, by a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) H-IIA launcher. It carries three remote-sensing sensors: 1) the Advanced Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer type 2 (AVNIR-2); 2) the Panchromatic Remote-Sensing Instrument for Stereo Mapping (PRISM); and 3) the Phased-Array type...
Internal structure, fault rocks, and inferences regarding deformation, fluid flow, and mineralization in the seismogenic Stillwater normal fault, Dixie Valley, Nevada
Jonathan S. Caine, R.L. Bruhn, C.B. Forster
2010, Journal of Structural Geology (32) 1576-1589
Outcrop mapping and fault-rock characterization of the Stillwater normal fault zone in Dixie Valley, Nevada are used to document and interpret ancient hydrothermal fluid flow and its possible relationship to seismic deformation. The fault zone is composed of distinct structural and hydrogeological components. Previous work on the fault rocks is...
The Reimer Diatom Herbarium: An important resource for teaching and research
S.J. Rushforth, M.B. Edlund, S. A. Spaulding, E. F. Stoermer
2010, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
The Reimer Diatom Herbarium (ILH) at Iowa Lakeside Laboratory (ILL), a field station of Iowa's state universities, contains 3,280 permanent diatom slides of collections made from prairie potholes, alkaline fens, acid bogs, eutrophic lakes, saline lakes, Pleistocene paleolakes, and Miocene fossil deposits near ILL. The herbarium has a focus on...
Seismic performance assessment of base-isolated safety-related nuclear structures
Y.-N. Huang, A.S. Whittaker, N. Luco
2010, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics (39) 1421-1442
Seismic or base isolation is a proven technology for reducing the effects of earthquake shaking on buildings, bridges and infrastructure. The benefit of base isolation has been presented in terms of reduced accelerations and drifts on superstructure components but never quantified in terms of either a percentage reduction in seismic...
Liquefaction caused by the 2009 Olancha, California (USA), M5.2 earthquake
T.L. Holzer, A. S. Jayko, E. Hauksson, J.P.B. Fletcher, T.E. Noce, M.J. Bennett, C.M. Dietel, K.W. Hudnut
2010, Engineering Geology (116) 184-188
The October 3, 2009 (01:16:00 UTC), Olancha M5.2 earthquake caused extensive liquefaction as well as permanent horizontal ground deformation within a 1.2 km2area earthquake in Owens Valley in eastern California (USA). Such liquefaction is rarely observed during earthquakes of M ≤ 5.2. We conclude that subsurface conditions, not unusual ground...
Rehabilitation for bilateral amputation of fingers
Martin A. Stapanian, Adrienne Stapanian, Keith E. Staley
2010, American Journal of Occupational Therapy (64) 923-928
We describe reconstructive surgeries, therapy, prostheses, and adaptations for a patient who experienced bilateral amputation of all five fingers of both hands through the proximal phalanges in January 1992. The patient made considerable progress in the use of his hands in the 10 mo after amputation, including nearly a 120%...
Fault-related clay authigenesis along the Moab Fault: Implications for calculations of fault rock composition and mechanical and hydrologic fault zone properties
J.G. Solum, N.C. Davatzes, D.A. Lockner
2010, Journal of Structural Geology (32) 1899-1911
The presence of clays in fault rocks influences both the mechanical and hydrologic properties of clay-bearing faults, and therefore it is critical to understand the origin of clays in fault rocks and their distributions is of great importance for defining fundamental properties of faults in the shallow crust. Field mapping...
Complex adaptive systems and game theory: An unlikely union
M. Hadzikadic, T. Carmichael, C. Curtin
2010, Complexity (16) 34-42
A Complex Adaptive System is a collection of autonomous, heterogeneous agents, whose behavior is defined with a limited number of rules. A Game Theory is a mathematical construct that assumes a small number of rational players who have a limited number of actions or strategies available to them. The CAS...
The New Albany shale in Illinois: Emerging play or prolific source
Joan Crockett, David E. Morse
2010, Oil & Gas Journal (108) 72-79
The New Albany shale (Upper Devonian) in the Illinois basin is the primary hydrocarbon source rock for the basins nearly 4 billion bbl of oil production to date. The gas play is well-established in Indiana and Western Kentucky. One in-situ oil producing well was reported in a multiply competed well...
Numerical simulation of a low-lying barrier island's morphological response to Hurricane Katrina
C.A. Lindemer, N.G. Plant, Jack A. Puleo, D.M. Thompson, T.V. Wamsley
2010, Coastal Engineering (57) 985-995
Tropical cyclones that enter or form in the Gulf of Mexico generate storm surge and large waves that impact low-lying coastlines along the Gulf Coast. The Chandeleur Islands, located 161. km east of New Orleans, Louisiana, have endured numerous hurricanes that have passed nearby. Hurricane Katrina (landfall near Waveland MS,...
Direct and indirect responses of tallgrass prairie butterflies to prescribed burning
Jennifer A. Vogel, Rolf R. Koford, Diane M. Debinski
2010, Journal of Insect Conservation (14) 663-677
Fire is an important tool in the conservation and restoration of tallgrass prairie ecosystems. We investigated how both the vegetation composition and butterfly community of tallgrass prairie remnants changed in relation to the elapsed time (in months) since prescribed fire. Butterfly richness and butterfly abundance were positively correlated with the...
Estimating aboveground biomass for broadleaf woody plants and young conifers in Sierra Nevada, California, forests
T.W. McGinnis, C.D. Shook, Jon E. Keeley
2010, Western Journal of Applied Forestry (25) 203-209
Quantification of biomass is fundamental to a wide range of research and natural resource management goals. An accurate estimation of plant biomass is essential to predict potential fire behavior, calculate carbon sequestration for global climate change research, assess critical wildlife habitat, and so forth. Reliable allometric equations from simple field...
A fresh look at road salt: Aquatic toxicity and water-quality impacts on local, regional, and national scales
S.R. Corsi, D.J. Graczyk, S.W. Geis, N.L. Booth, K.D. Richards
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 7376-7382
A new perspective on the severity of aquatic toxicity impact of road salt was gained by a focused research effort directed at winter runoff periods. Dramatic impacts were observed on local, regional, and national scales. Locally, samples from 7 of 13 Milwaukee, Wisconsin area streams exhibited toxicity in Ceriodaphnia dubia...
An analysis of the carbon balance of the Arctic Basin from 1997 to 2006
A. D. McGuire, D.J. Hayes, D. W. Kicklighter, M. Manizza, Q. Zhuang, M. Chen, M.J. Follows, K.R. Gurney, J.W. McClelland, J. M. Melillo, B. J. Peterson, R.G. Prinn
2010, Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology (62) 455-474
This study used several model-based tools to analyse the dynamics of the Arctic Basin between 1997 and 2006 as a linked system of land-ocean-atmosphere C exchange. The analysis estimates that terrestrial areas of the Arctic Basin lost 62.9 Tg C yr-1 and that the Arctic Ocean gained 94.1 Tg C...
Targeting land-use change for nitratenitrogen load reductions in an agricultural watershed
M.K. Jha, K. E. Schilling, Philip W. Gassman, C.F. Wolter
2010, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (65) 342-352
The research was conducted as part of the USDA's Conservation Effects Assessment Project. The objective of the project was to evaluate the environmental effects of land-use changes, with a focus on understanding how the spatial distribution throughout a watershed influences their effectiveness.The Soil and Water AssessmentTool (SWAT) water quality model...
Quaternary Sea-ice history in the Arctic Ocean based on a new Ostracode sea-ice proxy
T. M. Cronin, L. Gemery, W.M. Briggs, M. Jakobsson, L. Polyak, E. M. Brouwers
2010, Quaternary Science Reviews (29) 3415-3429
Paleo-sea-ice history in the Arctic Ocean was reconstructed using the sea-ice dwelling ostracode Acetabulastoma arcticum from late Quaternary sediments from the Mendeleyev, Lomonosov, and Gakkel Ridges, the Morris Jesup Rise and the Yermak Plateau. Results suggest intermittently high levels of perennial sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean during Marine...
Longitudinal trends and discontinuities in nutrients, chlorophyll, and suspended solids in the Upper Mississippi River: Implications for transport, processing, and export by large rivers
J.N. Houser, D.W. Bierman, R.M. Burdis, L. A. Soeken-Gittinger
2010, Hydrobiologia (651) 127-144
Across the distances spanned by large rivers, there are important differences in catchment characteristics, tributary inputs, and river morphology that may cause longitudinal changes in nutrient, chlorophyll, and suspended solids concentrations. We investigated longitudinal and seasonal patterns in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) using long-term data (1994-2005) from five study...
Decay of aftershock density with distance does not indicate triggering by dynamic stress
K. Richards-Dinger, R.S. Stein, S. Toda
2010, Nature (467) 583-586
Resolving whether static or dynamic stress triggers most aftershocks and subsequent mainshocks is essential to understand earthquake interaction and to forecast seismic hazard. Felzer and Brodsky examined the distance distribution of earthquakes occurring in the first five minutes after 2 ≤ M M M ≥ 2 aftershocks...
Fire helps restore natural disturbance regime to benefit rare and endangered marsh birds endemic to the Colorado River
C.J. Conway, C.P. Nadeau, L. Piest
2010, Ecological Applications (20) 2024-2035
Large flood events were part of the historical disturbance regime within the lower basin of most large river systems around the world. Large flood events are now rare in the lower basins of most large river systems due to flood control structures. Endemic organisms that are adapted to this historical...
Episodes of low dissolved oxygen indicated by ostracodes and sediment geochemistry at Crystal Lake, Illinois, USA
B. Brandon Curry, G. M. Filippelli
2010, Limnology and Oceanography (55) 2403-2423
Low dissolved oxygen during the summer and early fall controls profundal continental ostracode distribution in Crystal Lake (McHenry County), Illinois, favoring Cypria ophthalmica and Physocypria globula at water depths from 6 to 13 m. These species also thrived in the lake's profundal zone from 14,165 to 9600 calendar year before...
Abundances of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 14 chinese and american coals and their relation to coal rank and weathering
R. Wang, Gaisheng Liu, Jiahua Zhang, C. L. Chou, J. Liu
2010, Energy and Fuels (24) 6061-6066
The abundances of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the priority list of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) have been determined in 14 Chinese and American coals. The ranks of the samples range from lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite, to natural coke. Soxhlet extraction was conducted on each...
Carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversals in deep basin gas: Evidence for limits to the stability of hydrocarbons
R.C. Burruss, C.D. Laughrey
2010, Organic Geochemistry (41) 1285-1296
During studies of unconventional natural gas reservoirs of Silurian and Ordovician age in the northern Appalachian basin we observed complete reversal of the normal trend of carbon isotopic composition, such that ??13C methane (C1) >??13C ethane (C2) >??13C propane (C3). In addition, we have observed isotopic reversals in the ??2H...
Zircon reveals protracted magma storage and recycling beneath Mount St. Helens
L.L. Claiborne, C. F. Miller, D.M. Flanagan, M.A. Clynne, J. L. Wooden
2010, Geology (38) 1011-1014
Current data and models for Mount St. Helens volcano (Washington, United States) suggest relatively rapid transport from magma genesis to eruption, with no evidence for protracted storage or recycling of magmas. However, we show here that complex zircon age populations extending back hundreds of thousands of years from eruption age...
Experimental investigation of observation error in anuran call surveys
B.T. McClintock, L.L. Bailey, K. H. Pollock, T.R. Simons
2010, Journal of Wildlife Management (74) 1882-1893
Occupancy models that account for imperfect detection are often used to monitor anuran and songbird species occurrence. However, presenceabsence data arising from auditory detections may be more prone to observation error (e.g., false-positive detections) than are sampling approaches utilizing physical captures or sightings of individuals. We conducted realistic, replicated field...
