Guidelines for conducting Smolt survival studies in the Columbia River
Albert Giorgi Albert, Skalski John, Chuck Pevin Chuck, Steve Smith Steve, Mike Langeslay Mike, Timothy D. Counihan, Russell W. Perry, Shane Bickford
2010, Report, Tagging, telemetry, and marking measures for monitoring fish populations
For more than a decade, investigators from different research groups in the Pacific Northwest have been using electronic tags to estimate survival of salmonid smolts as they migrate seaward past hydroelectric dams and through impoundments on the Snake and Columbia Rivers. Over the years, they have refined both analytical and...
Estimating natural background groundwater chemistry, Questa molybdenum mine, New Mexico
Phillip L. Verplanck, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Geoffrey S. Plumlee, Bruce M. Walker
Lisa A. Morgan, Steven L. Quane, editor(s)
2010, Book chapter, Through the generations: Geologic and anthropogenic field excursions in the Rocky Mountains from modern to ancient
This 2 1/2 day field trip will present an overview of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) project whose objective was to estimate pre-mining groundwater chemistry at the Questa molybdenum mine, New Mexico. Because of intense debate among stakeholders regarding pre-mining groundwater chemistry standards, the New Mexico Environment Department and Chevron...
Protocol for statistical analysis of vegetation changes at Catoctin Mountain Park
Jeff S. Hatfield, Cairn Krafft
2010, Natural Resource Report NPS/NCR/NCRO/NRTR2010/001
Vegetation data collected at Catoctin Mountain Park, Maryland, in a split-panel rotation design during 2004-2009 were analyzed for differences among three regions within the park and among years. Six plots were paired with plots fenced to exclude white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and differences between open and exclosed plots were...
Mineral resource of the Month: Clay
Robert L. Virta
2010, Earth (2010) 27-27
Clays were one of the first mineral commodities used by people. Clay pottery has been found in archeological sites that are 12,000 years old, and clay figurines have been found in sites that are even older....
Response to the comment by Henry Kahn and Dennis Santella on a summary of the development of a signature for detection of residual dust from the collapse of the World Trade Center buildings
Gregory P. Meeker, Heather Lowers, Paul J. Lioy, Morton Lippmann
2010, Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (20) 491-492
A response by Gregory P. Meeker and colleagues to a commentary on their article on the development of a signature for detection of residual dust from the collapse of the World Trade Center buildings is presented...
Analyzing debris flows with the statistically calibrated empirical model LAHARZ in southeastern Arizona, USA
Christopher S. Magirl, Peter G. Griffiths, Robert H. Webb
2010, Geomorphology (119) 111-124
Hazard-zone delineation for extreme events is essential for floodplain management near mountain fronts in arid and semiarid regions. On 31 July 2006, unprecedented debris flows occurred in the Santa Catalina Mountains of southeastern Arizona following extreme multiday precipitation (recurrence interval > 1000 years for 4-day precipitation). Most mobilized sediment contributing to debris...
Ninespine Stickleback Abundance in Lake Michigan Increases After Dreissenid Mussel Invasion
Charles P. Madenjian, David B. Bunnell, Owen T. Gorman
2010, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (139) 11-20
Based on data from our annual lakewide bottom trawl survey of Lake Michigan, we determined that density of ninespine sticklebacks Pungitius pungitius increased from an average of 0.234 kg/ha during 1973–1995 to an average of 1.318 kg/ha during 1996–2007. This greater-than-fivefold increase in density coincided with the dreissenid mussel invasion...
Radiative forcing over the conterminous United States due to contemporary land cover land use change and sensitivity to snow and interannual albedo variability
Christopher A. Barnes, David P. Roy
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (115) 1-14
Satellite-derived land cover land use (LCLU), snow and albedo data, and incoming surface solar radiation reanalysis data were used to study the impact of LCLU change from 1973 to 2000 on surface albedo and radiative forcing for 58 ecoregions covering 69% of the conterminous United States. A net positive surface...
National Wildlife Health Center's quarterly wildlife mortality report
Anne Ballman, C. LeAnn White, Krysten Schuler, Jennifer Bradsby
2010, Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter 9-13
No abstract available....
Geology and undiscovered oil and gas resources in the Madison Group, Williston Basin, North Dakota and Montana
Stephanie B. Gaswirth, Paul G. Lillis, Richard M. Pollastro, Lawrence O. Anna
2010, Mountain Geologist (47) 71-80
Two of the total petroleum systems (TPS) defined as part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) assessment of the Williston Basin contain Mississippian Madison Group strata: 1) the Bakken-Lodgepole TPS, which includes the Lodgepole Formation; and 2) the Madison TPS, which includes the Mission Canyon, Charles, and Spearfish formations. The...
Intensity, magnitude, location and attenuation in India for felt earthquakes since 1762
Walter Szeliga, Susan Hough, Stacey Martin, Roger G. Bilham
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 570-584
A comprehensive, consistently interpreted new catalog of felt intensities for India (Martin and Szeliga, 2010, this issue) includes intensities for 570 earthquakes; instrumental magnitudes and locations are available for 100 of these events. We use the intensity values for 29 of the instrumentally recorded events to develop new intensity versus...
Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp
James R. Winton, Peter J. Walker
2010, Veterinary Research (41) 51-75
The rise of aquaculture has been one of the most profound changes in global food production of the past 100 years. Driven by population growth, rising demand for seafood and a levelling of production from capture fisheries, the practice of farming aquatic animals has expanded rapidly to become a major...
Caution on the use of liquid nitrogen traps in stable hydrogen isotope-ratio mass spectrometry
Tyler B. Coplen, Haiping Qi
2010, Analytical Chemistry (82) 7849-7851
An anomalous stable hydrogen isotopic fractionation of 4 ‰ in gaseous hydrogen has been correlated with the process of adding liquid nitrogen (LN2) to top off the dewar of a stainless-steel water trap on a gaseous hydrogen-water platinum equilibration system. Although the cause of this isotopic fractionation is unknown, its...
Pathological and immunological responses associated with differential survival of Chinook salmon following Renibacterium salmoninarum challenge
David C. Metzger, Diane G. Elliott, Andrew Wargo, Linda K. Park, Maureen K. Purcell
2010, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (90) 31-41
Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha are highly susceptible to Renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD). Previously we demonstrated that introduced Chinook salmon from Lake Michigan, Wisconsin (WI), USA, have higher survival following R. salmoninarum challenge relative to the progenitor stock from Green River, Washington, USA. In the...
Agriculture and food availability -- remote sensing of agriculture for food security monitoring in the developing world
Michael E. Budde, James Rowland, Christopher C. Funk
2010, Earthzine
For one-sixth of the world’s population - roughly 1 billion children, women and men - growing, buying or receiving adequate, affordable food to eat is a daily uncertainty. The World Monetary Fund reports that food prices worldwide increased 43 percent in 2007-2008, and unpredictable growing conditions make subsistence farming, on...
Studies from the history of soil science and geology
Edward R. Landa, Benjamin R. Cohen
2010, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C (35) 849-850
The United Nations proclaimed the year 2008 as the official International Year of Planet Earth (IYPE), with science and outreach activities spanning 2007–2009. IYPE-sponsored outreach helped focus the attention of the general public on topics such as human health and the environment; ocean and natural resources sustainability; mitigating natural hazards...
Resistance and Protective Immunity in Redfish Lake Sockeye Salmon Exposed to M Type Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV)
Gael Kurath, Kyle Garver, Maureen K. Purcell, Scott E. LaPatra
2010, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (22) 129-139
Differential virulence of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) isolates from the U and M phylogenetic subgroups is clearly evident in the Redfish Lake (RFL) strain of sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka. In these fish, experimental immersion challenges with U isolates cause extremely high mortality and M isolates cause low or no...
Wild Steelhead and introduced spring Chinook Salmon in the Wind River, Washington: Overlapping populations and interactions
I.G. Jezorek, P.J. Connolly
2010, Report
We investigated interactions of introduced juvenile spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha with wild juvenile steelhead O. mykiss in the upper Wind River watershed (rkm 24.6 to rkm 43.8), Washington. Our objective was to determine if the presence of introduced spring Chinook salmon influenced populations of wild juvenile steelhead and if...
Using spatial, seasonal, and diel drift patterns of larval Lost River suckers Deltistes luxatus (Cypriniformes: Catostomidae) and shortnose suckers Chasmistes brevirostris (Cypriniformes: Catostomidae) to help identify a site for a water withdrawal structure on the Williamson River, Oregon
Craig M. Ellsworth, Torrey J. Tyler, Scott P. VanderKooi
2010, Environmental Biology of Fishes (89) 47-57
A small irrigation diversion dam near Chiloquin, Oregon, was removed and replaced with a pump station to improve fish passage for Lost River suckers (Deltistes luxatus) and shortnose suckers (Chasmistes brevirostris) entering the Sprague River on their spawning migrations. During the developmental phase of the pump station, a need was...
Juvenile Salmonid survival, passage, and egress at McNary Dam during tests of temporary spillway weirs, 2009
N.S. Adams, T.L. Liedtke
2010, Report
We evaluated behavior, passage, and survival of juvenile salmonids at McNary Dam in relation to the temporary spillway weirs (TSWs) using acoustic telemetry during 2009. The TSWs were located in spill bays 4 and 20 during spring and in spill bays 19 and 20 during summer. Our objectives were to...
Guidelines to indirectly measure and enhance detection efficiency of stationary PIT tag interrogation systems in streams
Patrick J. Connolly
2010, Book chapter
With increasing use of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and reliance on stationary PIT tag interrogation systems to monitor fish populations, guidelines are offered to inform users how best to use limited funding and human resources to create functional systems that maximize a desired level of detection and precision. The...
On the resolution of shallow mantle viscosity structure using post-earthquake relaxation data: Application to the 1999 Hector Mine, California, earthquake
Fred F. Pollitz, Wayne R. Thatcher
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth
Most models of lower crust/mantle viscosity inferred from postearthquake relaxation assume one or two uniform-viscosity layers. A few existing models possess apparently significant radially variable viscosity structure in the shallow mantle (e.g., the upper 200 km), but the resolution of such variations is not clear. We use a geophysical inverse...
Novel silver tubing method for quantitative introduction of water into high temperature conversion systems for stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic measurements
Haiping Qi, Manfred Groning, Tyler B. Coplen, Bryan Buck, Stanley J. Mroczkowski, Willi A. Brand, Heike Geilmann, Matthias Gehre
2010, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (24) 1821-1827
A new method to seal water in silver tubes for use in a TC/EA reduction unit using a semi-automated sealing apparatus can yield reproducibilities (1 standard deviation) of δ2H and &delta18O measurements of 1.0 ‰ and 0.06 ‰, respectively. These silver tubes containing reference waters may be preferred for calibration...
Some notes on the geology of Cave Mountain Cave, Pendleton County, West Virginia
C.S. Swezey, F.T. Dulong
2010, The West Virginia Caver (28) 5-10
Mid-Piacenzian sea surface temperature record from ODP Site 1115 in the western equatorial Pacific
Danielle Stoll
2010, Stratigraphy (7) 1-6
Planktic foraminifer assemblages and alkenone unsaturation ratios have been analyzed for the mid-Piacen-zian (3.3 to 2.9 Ma) section of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1115B, located in the western equatorial Pacific off the coast of New Guinea. Cold and warm season sea surface temperature (SST) estimates were determined using a...
