Geochemical Evolution of Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA
Blair F. Jones, David L. Naftz, Ronald J. Spencer, Charles G. Oviatt
2009, Aquatic Geochemistry (15) 95-121
"The Great Salt Lake (GSL) of Utah, USA, is the largest saline lake in North America, and its brines are some of the most concentrated anywhere in the world. The lake occupies a closed basin system whose chemistry reflects solute inputs from the weathering of a diverse suite of rocks in its drainage...
Distinct freshwater and seawater isoforms of Na+/K+-ATPase in gill chloride cells of Atlantic salmon
Stephen D. McCormick, A.M. Regish, A.K. Christensen
2009, Journal of Experimental Biology (212) 3994-4001
Gill Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA) in teleost fishes is involved in ion regulation in both freshwater and seawater. We have developed and validated rabbit polyclonal antibodies specific to the NKA alpha1a and alpha1b protein isoforms of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar Linnaeus), and used western blots and immunohistochemistry to characterize their size, abundance...
Earth imagery for the masses—TerraLook delivers free satellite imagery for monitoring change
Eugene A. Fosnight
2009, Earth Imaging Journal (4) 32-36
Organochlorine pesticides residue in lakes of Khorezm, Uzbekistan
Michael R. Rosen, Bakhriddin Nishonov, Dilorom Fayzieva, L. Saito, J. Lamers
2009, Book, 10th International HCH and pesticide forum book of papers: how many obsolete pesticides have been disposed of 8 years after signature of Stockholm Convention
The Khorezm province in northwest Uzbekistan is a productive agricultural area within the Aral Sea Basin that produces cotton, rice and wheat. Various organochlorine pesticides were widely used for cotton production before Uzbekistan's independence in 1991. In Khorezm, small lakes have formed in natural depressions that receive inputs mostly from...
Pore-water chemistry from the ICDP-USGS coer hole in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure--Implications for paleohydrology, microbial habitat, and water resources
Ward E. Sanford, Mary A. Voytek, David S. Powars, Blair F. Jones, Isabelle M. Cozzarelli, Robert P. Eganhouse, Charles S. Cockell
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America (458) 867-890
We investigated the groundwater system of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure by analyzing the pore-water chemistry in cores taken from a 1766-m-deep drill hole 10 km north of Cape Charles, Virginia. Pore water was extracted using high-speed centrifuges from over 100 cores sampled from a 1300 m section of...
Sexing sirenians: Validation of visual and molecular sex determination in both wild dugongs (Dugong dugon) and Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris)
J. Lanyon, H. Sneath, J. Ovenden, D. Broderick, Robert K. Bonde
2009, Aquatic Mammals (35) 187-192
Sexing wild marine mammals that show little to no sexual dimorphism is challenging. For sirenians that are difficult to catch or approach closely, molecular sexing from tissue biopsies offers an alternative method to visual discrimination. This paper reports the results of a field study to validate the use of two...
Potential Inundation due to Rising Sea Levels in the San Francisco Bay Region
Noah Knowles
2009, Report
An increase in the rate of sea level rise is one of the primary impacts of projected global climate change. To assess potential inundation associated with a continued acceleration of sea level rise, the highest resolution elevation data available were assembled from various sources and mosaicked to cover the land...
A simple technique for continuous measurement of time-variable gas transfer in surface waters
Craig R. Tobias, John Karl Bohlke, Judson W. Harvey, Eurybiades Busenberg
2009, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods (7) 185-195
Mass balance models of dissolved gases in streams, lakes, and rivers serve as the basis for estimating wholeecosystem rates for various biogeochemical processes. Rates of gas exchange between water and the atmosphere are important and error-prone components of these models. Here we present a simple and efficient modification of the...
Geochemistry of inorganic nitrogen in waters released from coal-bed natural gas production wells in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming
Richard L. Smith, Deborah A. Repert, Charles P. Hart
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 2348-2354
Water originating from coal-bed natural gas (CBNG) production wells typically contains ammonium and is often disposed via discharge to ephemeral channels. A study conducted in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming, documented downstream changes in CBNG water composition, emphasizing nitrogen-cycling processes and the fate of ammonium. Dissolved ammonium concentrations from 19...
Local versus landscape-scale effects of savanna trees on grasses
Corinna Riginos, James B. Grace, David J. Augustine, Truman P. Young
2009, Journal of Ecology (97) 1337-1345
1. Savanna ecosystems – defined by the coexistence of trees and grasses – cover more than one‐fifth the world’s land surface and harbour most of the world’s rangelands, livestock and large mammal diversity. Savanna trees can have a variety of effects on grasses, with consequences for the wild and domestic...
Multi-scale measurements and modeling of denitrification in streams with varying flow and nitrate concentration in the upper Mississippi River basin, USA
J.K. Bohlke, Ronald C. Antweiler, Judson W. Harvey, Andrew E. Laursen, Lesley K. Smith, Richard L. Smith, Mary A. Voytek
2009, Biogeochemistry (93) 117-141
Denitrification is an important net sink for NO3− in streams, but direct measurements are limited and in situ controlling factors are not well known. We measured denitrification at multiple scales over a range of flow conditions and NO3− concentrations in streams draining agricultural land in the upper Mississippi River basin....
Transport of tritium contamination to the atmosphere in an arid environment
C. Amanda Garcia, Brian J. Andraski, Michael J. Johnson, David A. Stonestrom, Robert L. Michel, C.A. Cooper, S.W. Wheatcraft
2009, Vadose Zone Journal (8) 450-461
Soil–plant–atmosphere interactions strongly influence water movement in desert unsaturated zones, but little is known about how such interactions affect atmospheric release of subsurface water-borne contaminants. This 2-yr study, performed at the U.S. Geological Survey's Amargosa Desert Research Site in southern Nevada, quantified the magnitude and spatiotemporal variability of tritium (3H)...
Effects of Groundwater Development on Uranium: Central Valley, California, USA
Bryant C. Jurgens, Miranda S. Fram, Kenneth Belitz, Karen R. Burow, Matthew K. Landon
2009, Ground Water (48) 913-928
Uranium (U) concentrations in groundwater in several parts of the eastern San Joaquin Valley, California, have exceeded federal and state drinking water standards during the last 20 years. The San Joaquin Valley is located within the Central Valley of California and is one of the most productive agricultural areas in...
Lysimetric Evaluation of Simplified Surface Energy Balance Approach in the Texas High Plains
Gabriel B. Senay, P.H. Gowda, T.A. Howell, T.H. Marek
2009, Applied Engineering in Agriculture (25) 665-669
Numerous energy balance (EB) algorithms have been developed to make use of remote sensing data to estimate evapotranspiration (ET) regionally. However, most EB models are complex to use and efforts are being made to simplify procedures mainly through the scaling of reference ET. The Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) is...
Desert Dust Storm Microbiology: Issues in Planetary Health
Dale W. Griffin
2009, Book chapter, Yearbook of Science and Technology
Maximum length and age of round gobies (Apollonia melanostomus) in Lake Huron
John R. P. French III, M. Glen Black
2009, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (24) 173-175
The round goby (Apollonia [Neogobius] melanostomus,) an invasive species, is generally smaller and shorter-lived in the Great Lakes than it native range. We examined 30 large male round gobies from trawl samples taken in Lake Huron and used otoliths to determine their age and back-calculated growth. Standard lengths ranged from...
Predicting organic floc transport dynamics in shallow aquatic ecosystems: Insights from the field, the laboratory, and numerical modeling
Judson W. Harvey, Gregory B. Noe, Laurel G. Larsen, John P. Crimaldi
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Transport of particulate organic material can impact watershed sediment and nutrient budgets and can alter the geomorphologic evolution of shallow aquatic environments. Prediction of organic aggregate (“floc”) transport in these environments requires knowledge of how hydraulics and biota affect the entrainment, settling, and aggregation of particles. This study evaluated the...
Quantifying terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics in the Jinsha watershed, Upper Yangtze, China from 1975 to 2000
Shuqing Zhao, Shuguang Liu, Runsheng Yin, Zhengpeng Li, Yulin Deng, Kun Tan, Xiangzheng Deng, David Rothstein, Jiaguo Qi
Runsheng Yin, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, An integrated assessment of China’s ecological restoration programs
Quantifying the spatial and temporal dynamics of carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems and carbon fluxes between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere is critical to our understanding of regional patterns of carbon storage and loss. Here we use the General Ensemble Biogeochemical Modeling System to simulate the terrestrial ecosystem carbon...
Geomorphology and river dynamics of the lower Copper River, Alaska
Timothy P. Brabets, Jeffrey S. Conaway
2009, Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5257
Located in south-central Alaska, the Copper River drains an area of more than 24,000 square miles. The average annual flow of the river near its mouth is 63,600 cubic feet per second, but is highly variable between winter and summer. In the winter, flow averages approximately 11,700 cubic feet per...
Estimated land-surface subsidence in Harris County, Texas, 1915-17 to 2001
Mark C. Kasmarek, Robert K. Gabrysch, Michaela R. Johnson
2009, Scientific Investigations Map 3097
Land-surface subsidence, or land subsidence, in Harris County, Texas, which encompasses much of the Houston area, has been occurring for decades. Land subsidence has increased the frequency and extent of flooding, damaged buildings and transportation infrastructure, and caused adverse environmental effects. The primary cause of land subsidence in the Houston...
Climate change adaptation for the US National Wildlife Refuge System
Brad Griffith, J. Michael Scott, Robert S. Adamcik, Daniel Ashe, Brian Czech, Robert Fischman, Patrick Gonzalez, Joshua J. Lawler, A. David McGuire, Anna Pidgorna
2009, Environmental Management (44) 1043-1052
Since its establishment in 1903, the National Wildlife Refuge System (NWRS) has grown to 635 units and 37 Wetland Management Districts in the United States and its territories. These units provide the seasonal habitats necessary for migratory waterfowl and other species to complete their annual life cycles. Habitat conversion and...
Sensitivity of the carbon cycle in the Arctic to climate change
A. David McGuire, Leif G. Anderson, Torben R. Christensen, Scott Dallimore, Laodong Guo, Daniel J. Hayes, Martin Heimann, T.D. Lorenson, Robie W. Macdonald, Nigel Roulet
2009, Ecological Monographs (79) 523-555
The recent warming in the Arctic is affecting a broad spectrum of physical, ecological, and human/cultural systems that may be irreversible on century time scales and have the potential to cause rapid changes in the earth system. The response of the carbon cycle of the Arctic to changes in climate...
An unusual northern cardinal nest: cooperative breeding or nesting sharing
David M. Leslie Jr.
2009, Bulletin of the Oklahoma Ornithological Society (42) 5-8
No abstract available....
Effects of commercial harvest on shovelnose sturgeon populations in the Upper Mississippi River
Jeff D. Koch, Michael C. Quist, Clay L. Pierce, Kirk A. Hansen, Michael J. Steuck
2009, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (29) 84-100
Shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus have become an increasingly important commercial species in the upper Mississippi River (UMR) because of the collapse of foreign sturgeon (family Acipenseridae) populations and bans on imported caviar. In response to concerns about the sustainability of the commercial shovelnose sturgeon fishery in the UMR, we undertook...
2008 Spawning Cisco Investigations in the Canadian Waters of Lake Superior
Daniel L. Yule, Peter A. Addison, Lori M. Evrard, Ken I. Cullis, Gary A. Cholwek
2009, Report
The Great Lakes Science Center of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) is working cooperatively with the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) on a threeyear study to develop standard procedures for acoustic and midwater trawl (AC-MT) assessments of spawning cisco Coregonus artedi that the OMNR can carry forward as...
