Coarse-grained sediment delivery and distribution in the Holocene Santa Monica Basin, California: Implications for evaluating source-to-sink flux at millennial time scales
B.W. Romans, W. R. Normark, M.M. McGann, J.A. Covault, S.A. Graham
2009, Geological Society of America Bulletin (121) 1394-1408
Utilizing accumulations of coarse-grained terrigenous sediment from deep-marine basins to evaluate the relative contributions of and history of controls on sediment flux through a source-to-sink system has been difficult as a result of limited knowledge of event timing. In this study, six new radiocarbon (14C) dates are integrated with five...
High-frequency Rayleigh-wave method
J. Xia, R. D. Miller, Y. Xu, Y. Luo, C. Chen, J. Liu, J. Ivanov, C. Zeng
2009, Earth Science (20) 563-579
High-frequency (≥2 Hz) Rayleigh-wave data acquired with a multichannel recording system have been utilized to determine shear (S)-wave velocities in near-surface geophysics since the early 1980s. This overview article discusses the main research results of high-frequency surface-wave techniques achieved by research groups at the Kansas Geological...
Disturbance alters local-regional richness relationships in appalachian forests
R.T. Belote, N.J. Sanders, R.H. Jones
2009, Ecology (90) 2940-2947
Whether biological diversity within communities is limited by local interactions or regional species pools remains an important question in ecology. In this paper, we investigate how an experimentally applied tree-harvesting disturbance gradient influenced local-regional richness relationships. Plant species richness was measured at three spatial scales (2 ha = regional; 576...
Cataclysms and controversy: Aspects of the geomorphology of the Columbia River Gorge
Jim O’Connor, Scott Burns
Ian Madin, Rebecca Dorsey, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Volcanoes to vineyards: Geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest
Landslides and floods of lava and water tremendously affected the Columbia River during its long history of transecting the Cascade Volcanic Arc. This field trip touches on aspects of the resulting geology of the scenic Columbia River Gorge, including the river-blocking Bonneville landslide of ~550 years ago and the great...
Relative abundance and species richness of cerambycid beetles in partial cut and uncut bottomland hardwood forests
P. Newell, S. King
2009, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (39) 2100-2108
Partial cutting techniques are increasingly advocated and used to create habitat for priority wildlife. However, partial cutting may or may not benefit species dependent on deadwood; harvesting can supplement coarse woody debris in the form of logging slash, but standing dead trees may be targeted for removal. We sampled cerambycid...
After the disaster: The hydrogeomorphic, ecological, and biological responses to the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington
Jon J. Major, Charlie Crisafulli, John Bishop
2009, Book chapter, Volcanoes to vineyards: Geologic field trips through the dynamic landscape of the Pacific Northwest
The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens caused instantaneous landscape disturbance on a grand scale. On 18 May 1980, an ensemble of volcanic processes, including a debris avalanche, a directed pyroclastic density current, voluminous lahars, and widespread tephra fall, abruptly altered landscape hydrology and geomorphology, and created distinctive disturbance zones...
Interannual variation of carbon fluxes from three contrasting evergreen forests: The role of forest dynamics and climate
C.A. Sierra, H.W. Loescher, M. E. Harmon, A.D. Richardson, D.Y. Hollinger, S.S. Perakis
2009, Ecology (90) 2711-2723
Interannual variation of carbon fluxes can be attributed to a number of biotic and abiotic controls that operate at different spatial and temporal scales. Type and frequency of disturbance, forest dynamics, and climate regimes are important sources of variability. Assessing the variability of carbon fluxes from these specific sources can...
Geographic relatedness and predictability of Escherichia coli along a peninsular beach complex of Lake Michigan
M.B. Nevers, D.A. Shively, G.T. Kleinheinz, C.M. McDermott, W. Schuster, V. Chomeau, R.L. Whitman
2009, Journal of Environmental Quality (38) 2357-2364
To determine more accurately the real-time concentration of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in beach water, predictive modeling has been applied in several locations around the Great Lakes to individual or small groups of similar beaches. Using 24 beaches in Door County, Wisconsin, we attempted to expand predictive models to multiple...
Sediment losses and gains across a gradient of livestock grazing and plant invasion in a cool, semi-arid grassland, Colorado Plateau, USA
Jayne Belnap, Richard L. Reynolds, Marith C. Reheis, Susan L. Phillips, Frank Urban, Harland L. Goldstein
2009, Aeolian Research (1) 27-43
Large sediment fluxes can have significant impacts on ecosystems. We measured incoming and outgoing sediment across a gradient of soil disturbance (livestock grazing, plowing) and annual plant invasion for 9 years. Our sites included two currently ungrazed sites: one never grazed by livestock and dominated by perennial grasses/well-developed biocrusts and...
Mercury concentrations and loads in a large river system tributary to San Francisco Bay, California, USA
N. David, L.J. McKee, F.J. Black, A.R. Flegal, C.H. Conaway, D. H. Schoellhamer, N. K. Ganju
2009, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (28) 2091-2100
In order to estimate total mercury (HgT) loads entering San Francisco Bay, USA, via the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system, unfiltered water samples were collected between January 2002 and January 2006 during high flow events and analyzed for HgT. Unfiltered HgT concentrations ranged from 3.2 to 75 ng/L and showed a...
Contemporaneous deposition of phyllosilicates and sulfates: Using Australian acidic saline lake deposits to describe geochemical variability on Mars
A.M. Baldridge, S.J. Hook, J.K. Crowley, G.M. Marion, J.S. Kargel, J.L. Michalski, B.J. Thomson, Filho C.R. de Souza, N.T. Bridges, A.J. Brown
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
Studies of the origin of the Martian sulfate and phyllosilicate deposits have led to the hypothesis that there was a marked, global-scale change in the Mars environment from circum-neutral pH aqueous alteration in the Noachian to an acidic evaporitic system in the late Noachian to Hesperian. However, terrestrial studies suggest...
A comparison of pre- and post-remediation water quality, Mineral Creek, Colorado
R.L. Runkel, K.E. Bencala, B. A. Kimball, K. Walton-Day, P. L. Verplanck
2009, Hydrological Processes (23) 3319-3333
Pre- and post-remediation data sets are used herein to assess the effectiveness of remedial measures implemented in the headwaters of the Mineral Creek watershed, where contamination from hard rock mining has led to elevated metal concentrations and acidic pH. Collection of pre- and post-remediation data sets generally followed the synoptic...
The organic contamination level based on the total soil mass is not a proper index of the soil contamination intensity
H.-W. Hung, Sheng G. Daniel, T.-F. Lin, Y. Su, C. T. Chiou
2009, Environmental Pollution (157) 2928-2932
Concentrations of organic contaminants in common productive soils based on the total soil mass give a misleading account of actual contamination effects. This is attributed to the fact that productive soils are essentially water-saturated, with the result that the soil uptake of organic compounds occurs principally by partition into the...
Evidence for long-term climate change in Upper Devonian strata of the central Appalachians
D. K. Brezinski, C. B. Cecil, V.W. Skema, C.A. Kertis
2009, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (284) 315-325
The highest 1 to 200 m of the Upper Devonian (Famennian) Catskill and equivalent Hampshire formations exhibit a noticeable vertical or stratigraphic change in color and a shift in lithologic character. The lower part of the unit is characterized by typically red, channel-phase sandstones and overbank siltstone and mudstone containing...
Cross-comparison of the IRS-P6 AWiFS sensor with the L5 TM, L7 ETM+, & Terra MODIS sensors
G. Chander, X. Xiong, A. Angal, T. Choi, R. Malla
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
As scientists and decision makers increasingly rely on multiple Earth-observing satellites to address urgent global issues, it is imperative that they can rely on the accuracy of Earth-observing data products. This paper focuses on the crosscomparison of the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS-P6) Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) with the Landsat...
Chapter 3 - Phenomenology of tsunamis: Statistical properties from generation to runup
Eric L. Geist
2009, Advances in Geophysics (51) 107-169
Observations related to tsunami generation, propagation, and runup are reviewed and described in a phenomenological framework. In the three coastal regimes considered (near-field broadside, near-field oblique, and far field), the observed maximum wave amplitude is associated with different parts of the tsunami wavefield. The maximum amplitude in the near-field broadside...
Discovery of jarosite within the Mawrth Vallis region of Mars: Implications for the geologic history of the region
W. H. Farrand, T.D. Glotch, J. W. Rice Jr., J.A. Hurowitz, G.A. Swayze
2009, Icarus (204) 478-488
Analysis of visible to near infrared reflectance data from the MRO CRISM hyperspectral imager has revealed the presence of an ovoid-shaped landform, approximately 3 by 5 km in size, within the layered terrains surrounding the Mawrth Vallis outflow channel. This feature has spectral absorption features consistent with the presence of...
In vitro biology of fibropapilloma-associated turtle herpesvirus and host cells in Hawaiian green turtles (Chelonia mydas)
Thierry M. Work, Julie Dagenais, George H. Balazs, Joanne Schumacher, Teresa D. Lewis, Jo-Ann C. Leong, Rufina N. Casey, James W. Casey
2009, Journal of General Virology (90) 1943-1950
Fibropapillomatosis (FP) of green turtles has a global distribution and causes debilitating tumours of the skin and internal organs in several species of marine turtles. FP is associated with a presently non-cultivable alphaherpesvirus Chelonid fibropapilloma-associated herpesvirus (CFPHV). Our aims were to employ quantitative PCR targeted to pol DNA of CFPHV...
Variation in movement patterns of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) inferred from conventional tagging and ultrasonic telemetry
N.M. Bacheler, L.M. Paramore, S. M. Burdick, J.A. Buckel, J.E. Hightower
2009, Fishery Bulletin (107) 405-419
We used 25 years of conventional tagging data (n=6173 recoveries) and 3 years of ultrasonic telemetry data (n=105 transmitters deployed) to examine movement rates and directional preferences of four age classes of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) in estuarine and coastal waters of North Carolina. Movement rates of conventionally tagged red...
Monitoring of land subsidence and ground fissures in Xian, China 2005-2006: Mapped by sar Interferometry
C.Y. Zhao, Q. Zhang, X.-L. Ding, Z. Lu, C.S. Yang, X.M. Qi
2009, Environmental Geology (58) 1533-1540
The City of Xian, China, has been experiencing significant land subsidence and ground fissure activities since 1960s, which have brought various severe geohazards including damages to buildings, bridges and other facilities. Monitoring of land subsidence and ground fissure activities can provide useful information for assessing the extent of, and mitigating...
Stratigraphic controls on saltwater intrusion in the Dominguez Gap area of coastal Los Angeles
Brian D. Edwards, Kenneth D. Ehman, Daniel J. Ponti, Eric G. Reichard, John Tinsley, Robert J. Rosenbauer, Michael T. Land
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 375-395
The Los Angeles Basin is a densely populated coastal area that significantly depends on groundwater. A part of this groundwater supply is at risk from saltwater intrusion—the impetus for this study. High-resolution seismic-reflection data collected from the Los Angeles–Long Beach Harbor Complex have been combined with borehole geophysical and descriptive...
Performance of temperature and dissolved oxygen criteria to predict habitat use by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
J.M. Plumb, P.J. Blanchfield
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 2011-2023
We compared theoretical habitat volumes, determined from traditional combinations of temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) boundaries, with in situ habitat use by acoustically tagged lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). The widely used criteria of 8–12 °C underestimated lake trout habitat use by 68%–80%. Instead, combined temperature (<12 or 15 °C)...
Martian mud volcanism: Terrestrial analogs and implications for formational scenarios
James A. Skinner, A. Mazzini
2009, Marine and Petroleum Geology (26) 1866-1878
The geology of Mars and the stratigraphic characteristics of its uppermost crust (mega-regolith) suggest that some of the pervasively-occurring pitted cones, mounds, and flows may have formed through processes akin to terrestrial mud volcanism. A comparison of terrestrial mud volcanism suggests that equivalent Martian processes likely required discrete sedimentary depocenters,...
Heritage strain and diet of wild young of year and yearling lake trout in the main basin of Lake Huron
E.F. Roseman, W. Stott, T. P. O’Brien, S.C. Riley, J.S. Schaeffer
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 620-626
Restoration of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush stocks in Lake Huron is a fish community objective developed to promote sustainable fish communities in the lake. Between 1985 and 2004, 12.65 million lake trout were stocked into Lake Huron representing eight different genetic strains. Collections of bona fide wild fish in USGS...
Incised channel fills containing conifers indicate that seasonally dry vegetation dominated Pennsylvanian tropical lowlands
H. J. Falcon-Lang, W.J. Nelson, S. Elrick, C.V. Looy, P.R. Ames, William A. DiMichele
2009, Geology (37) 923-926
The idea that the Pennsylvanian tropical lowlands were temporally dominated by rainforest (i.e., the Coal Forest) is deeply ingrained in the literature. Here we challenge two centuries of research by suggesting that this concept is based on a taphonomic artifact, and that seasonally dry vegetation dominated instead. This controversial finding...
