Long-term pair bonds in the Laysan Duck
M.H. Reynolds, J.H. Breeden Jr., M.S. Vekasy, T.M. Ellis
2009, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (121) 187-190
We describe long-term pair bonds in the endangered Laysan Duck (Anas laysanensis), a dabbling duck endemic to the Hawaiian Archipelago. Individually marked birds were identified on Laysan Island between 1998 and 2006 (n = 613 marked adults). We recorded pair bonds while observing marked birds, and documented within and between...
The regional and global significance of nitrogen removal in lakes and reservoirs
J. A. Harrison, R.J. Maranger, Richard B. Alexander, A. E. Giblin, P.-A. Jacinthe, Emilio Mayorga, S.P. Seitzinger, D. J. Sobota, W. M. Wollheim
2009, Biogeochemistry (93) 143-157
Human activities have greatly increased the transport of biologically available nitrogen (N) through watersheds to potentially sensitive coastal ecosystems. Lentic water bodies (lakes and reservoirs) have the potential to act as important sinks for this reactive N as it is transported across the landscape because they offer ideal conditions for...
Behavioral response and kinetics of terrestrial atrazine exposure in American toads (bufo americanus)
Mendez Storrs, D. E. Tillitt, T.A.G. Rittenhouse, R. D. Semlitsch
2009, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (57) 590-597
Amphibians in terrestrial environments obtain water through a highly vascularized pelvic patch of skin. Chemicals can also be exchanged across this patch. Atrazine (ATZ), a widespread herbicide, continues to be a concern among amphibian ecologists based on potential exposure and toxicity. Few studies have examined its impact on the terrestrial...
Benthic nutrient sources to hypereutrophic Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, USA
J.S. Kuwabara, B.R. Topping, D. D. Lynch, J.L. Carter, H.I. Essaid
2009, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (28) 516-524
Three collecting trips were coordinated in April, May, and August 2006 to sample the water column and benthos of hypereutrophic Upper Klamath Lake (OR, USA) through the annual cyanophyte bloom of Aphanizomenon flos‐aquae. A pore‐water profiler was designed and fabricated to obtain the first high‐resolution (centimeter‐scale) estimates of the vertical concentration...
Understanding CO2 Plume Behavior and Basin-Scale Pressure Changes during Sequestration Projects through the use of Reservoir Fluid Modeling
H.E. Leetaru, S.M. Frailey, J. Damico, E. Mehnert, J. Birkholzer, Q. Zhou, P.D. Jordan
2009, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
Large scale geologic sequestration tests are in the planning stages around the world. The liability and safety issues of the migration of CO2 away from the primary injection site and/or reservoir are of significant concerns for these sequestration tests. Reservoir models for simulating single or multi-phase fluid flow are used...
Classification of CO2 Geologic Storage: Resource and Capacity
S.M. Frailey, R.J. Finley
2009, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
The use of the term capacity to describe possible geologic storage implies a realistic or likely volume of CO2 to be sequestered. Poor data quantity and quality may lead to very high uncertainty in the storage estimate. Use of the term "storage resource" alleviates the implied certainty of the term...
Nonexplosive and explosive magma/wet-sediment interaction during emplacement of Eocene intrusions into Cretaceous to Eocene strata, Trans-Pecos igneous province, West Texas
K.S. Befus, R.E. Hanson, D. P. Miggins, J.A. Breyer, A.B. Busbey
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (181) 155-172
Eocene intrusion of alkaline basaltic to trachyandesitic magmas into unlithified, Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) to Eocene fluvial strata in part of the Trans-Pecos igneous province in West Texas produced an array of features recording both nonexplosive and explosive magma/wet-sediment interaction. Intrusive complexes with 40Ar/39Ar dates of ~ 47-46??Ma consist of coherent...
HRSC: High resolution stereo camera
G. Neukum, R. Jaumann, A.T. Basilevsky, A. Dumke, S. Van Gasselt, B. Giese, E. Hauber, J. W. Head III, C. Heipke, N. Hoekzema, H. Hoffmann, R. Greeley, K. Gwinner, R. Kirk, W. Markiewicz, T. B. McCord, G. Michael, Jan-Peter Muller, J.B. Murray, J. Oberst, P. Pinet, R. Pischel, T. Roatsch, F. Scholten, K. Willner
2009, Conference Paper, European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP
The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on Mars Express has delivered a wealth of image data, amounting to over 2.5 TB from the start of the mapping phase in January 2004 to September 2008. In that time, more than a third of Mars was covered at a resolution of 10-20...
Evolutionary dynamics of Newcastle disease virus
P.J. Miller, L.M. Kim, Hon S. Ip, C.L. Afonso
2009, Virology (391) 64-72
A comprehensive dataset of NDV genome sequences was evaluated using bioinformatics to characterize the evolutionary forces affecting NDV genomes. Despite evidence of recombination in most genes, only one event in the fusion gene of genotype V viruses produced evolutionarily viable progenies. The codon-associated rate of change for the six NDV...
The last glacial maximum
P.U. Clark, A. S. Dyke, J.D. Shakun, A.E. Carlson, J. Clark, B. Wohlfarth, J.X. Mitrovica, S. W. Hostetler, A.M. McCabe
2009, Science (325) 710-714
We used 5704 14C, 10Be, and 3He ages that span the interval from 10,000 to 50,000 years ago (10 to 50 ka) to constrain the timing of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in terms of global ice-sheet and mountain-glacier extent. Growth of the ice sheets to their maximum positions occurred...
Estimating avian population size using Bowden's estimator
Duane R. Diefenbach
2009, The Auk (126) 211-217
Avian researchers often uniquely mark birds, and multiple estimators could be used to estimate population size using individually identified birds. However, most estimators of population size require that all sightings of marked birds be uniquely identified, and many assume homogeneous detection probabilities. Bowden's estimator can incorporate sightings of marked birds...
Estimating 3D variation in active-layer thickness beneath arctic streams using ground-penetrating radar
T.R. Brosten, J.H. Bradford, J. P. McNamara, M.N. Gooseff, J.P. Zarnetske, W.B. Bowden, M.E. Johnston
2009, Journal of Hydrology (373) 479-486
We acquired three-dimensional (3D) ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data across three stream sites on the North Slope, AK, in August 2005, to investigate the dependence of thaw depth on channel morphology. Data were migrated with mean velocities derived from multi-offset GPR profiles collected across a stream section within each of the...
Effect of time dependence on probabilistic seismic-hazard maps and deaggregation for the central Apennines, Italy
A. Akinci, F. Galadini, D. Pantosti, Mark D. Petersen, L. Malagnini, D. Perkins
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 585-610
We produce probabilistic seismic-hazard assessments for the central Apennines, Italy, using time-dependent models that are characterized using a Brownian passage time recurrence model. Using aperiodicity parameters, ?? of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, we examine the sensitivity of the probabilistic ground motion and its deaggregation to these parameters. For the seismic...
Assessment of the "fish tumors or other deformities" beneficial use impairment in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus): I. Orocutaneous tumors
V. S. Blazer, S.D. Rafferty, P.C. Baumman, S.B. Smith, E.C. Obert
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 517-526
The "fish tumor or other deformities" beneficial use impairment (BUI) occurs at 9 of the 12 areas of concern (AOC) on Lake Erie. As point sources are mitigated and remediation occurs, AOC are faced with determining delisting criteria. The lack of standardized analyses for this BUI has confounded that process....
Holocene evolution of Apalachicola Bay, Florida
Lisa E. Osterman, David C. Twichell, Richard Z. Poore
2009, Geo-Marine Letters (29) 395-404
A program of geophysical mapping and vibracoring was conducted to better understand the geologic evolution of Apalachicola Bay. Analyses of the geophysical data and sediment cores along with age control provided by 34 AMS 14C dates on marine shells and wood reveal the following history. As sea level rose in the...
Nicotine, acetanilide and urea multi-level2H-,13C- and15N-abundance reference materials for continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry
A. Schimmelmann, A. Albertino, P.E. Sauer, H. Qi, R. Molinie, F. Mesnard
2009, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (23) 3513-3521
Accurate determinations of stable isotope ratios require a calibration using at least two reference materials with different isotopic compositions to anchor the isotopic scale and compensate for differences in machine slope. Ideally, the S values of these reference materials should bracket the isotopic range of samples with unknown S values....
Geochemistry of yukon and copper river tributaries, Alaska
M. Carney, A. Ellis, T. Bullen, J. Langman
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009 - World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers
Alaska is already beginning to be affected by changes in global climate which make it a good location to study the feedback effects between climate, the water cycle and the carbon cycle. Using river dissolved elements and Sr isotopes we examine changes and/or differences in chemical weathering between watersheds in...
Short-Term responses of breeding birds of grassland and early successional habitat to timing of haying in Northwestern Arkansas
J.D. Luscier, W.L. Thompson
2009, Condor (111) 538-544
In 2003, we evaluated nest survival and density of the Dickcissel (Spiza americana), Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna), Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla), and Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) in four unhayed, two early-hayed (26-31 May) and three late-hayed (17-25 June) fields in northwestern Arkansas. Rope dragging and observations revealed 89 nests. Daily...
Potential habitat distribution for the freshwater diatom Didymosphenia geminata in the continental US
S. Kumar, S. A. Spaulding, T.J. Stohlgren, K.A. Hermann, T.S. Schmidt, L.L. Bahls
2009, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (7) 415-420
The diatom Didymosphenia geminata is a single-celled alga found in lakes, streams, and rivers. Nuisance blooms of D geminata affect the diversity, abundance, and productivity of other aquatic organisms. Because D geminata can be transported by humans on waders and other gear, accurate spatial prediction of habitat suitability is urgently...
Comparing stochastic point-source and finite-source ground-motion simulations: SMSIM and EXSIM
D.M. Boore
2009, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (99) 3202-3216
Comparisons of ground motions from two widely used point-source and finite-source ground-motion simulation programs (SMSIM and EXSIM) show that the following simple modifications in EXSIM will produce agreement in the motions from a small earthquake at a large distance for the two programs: (1) base the scaling of high frequencies...
Movements of brown bullheads in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, Pennsylvania
M. J. Millard, D. R. Smith, E. Obert, J. Grazio, M.L. Bartron, C. Wellington, S. Grise, S. Rafferty, R. Wellington, S. Julian
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 613-619
Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie, was listed as an Area of Concern (AOC) by the International Joint Commission in part because of the high incidence of external tumor in brown bullheads. Verifying the source of the possible contaminant exposure is critical to addressing the AOC designation. We used telemetry tracking...
Site characterization for urban seismic hazards in lower Manhattan, New York City, from microtremor array analysis
W. J. Stephenson, S. Hartzell, A.D. Frankel, M. Asten, D. L. Carver, W.Y. Kim
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
We characterize the shear-wave velocity (Vs) of soil deposits in lower Manhattan at six sites using the SPAC and HVSR microtremor methods. The soil Vs ranges from 140 m/s to 300 m/s over bedrock. We believe that bedrock depth is constrained to ±15% with these microtremor data, but an accurate...
Geochemical Modeling of Carbon Sequestration, MMV, and EOR in the Illinois Basin
P.M. Berger, William R. Roy, E. Mehnert
2009, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
The Illinois State Geologic Survey is conducting several ongoing CO2 sequestration projects that require geochemical models to gain an understanding of the processes occurring in the subsurface. The ISGS has collected brine and freshwater samples associated with an enhanced oil recovery project in the Loudon oil field. Geochemical modeling allows...
Numerical study of tsunami generated by multiple submarine slope failures in Resurrection Bay, Alaska, during the MW 9.2 1964 earthquake
E. Suleimani, R. Hansen, Peter J. Haeussler
2009, Conference Paper, Pure and Applied Geophysics
We use a viscous slide model of Jiang and LeBlond (1994) coupled with nonlinear shallow water equations to study tsunami waves in Resurrection Bay, in south-central Alaska. The town of Seward, located at the head of Resurrection Bay, was hit hard by both tectonic and local landslide-generated tsunami waves during...
Exhumation along the Fairweather fault, southeastern Alaska, based on low-temperature thermochronometry
R.J. McAleer, J.A. Spotila, E. Enkelmann, A.L. Berger
2009, Tectonics (28)
The southern Alaskan syntaxis marks the spectacular junction between the >1000-km-long Pacific-North America transform margin and the Chugach-St. Elias belt, where subduction and terrane accretion drive rapid convergent deformation and rock uplift. New low-temperature thermochronometry reveals that intense orogenic deformation is not restricted to one side of the syntaxis but...
