Hypogenic karst of the Great Basin
Louise D. Hose, Harvey R. DuChene, Daniel Jones, Gretchen M. Baker, Zoe Havlena, Donald S. Sweetkind, Doug Powell
2021, Book chapter, Field Excursions from the 2021 GSA Section Meetings
Discoveries in the 1980s greatly expanded speleologists’ understanding of the role that hypogenic groundwater flow can play in developing caves at depth. Ascending groundwater charged with carbon dioxide and, especially, hydrogen sulfide can readily dissolve carbonate bedrock just below and above the water table. Sulfuric acid speleogenesis, in which anoxic,...
Pathology and mineralogy demonstrate respirable crystalline silica is a major cause of severe pneumoconiosis in US coal miners
R. A. Cohen, Cecil S. Rose, L. H. Go, Lauren M. Zell-Baran, K. S. Almberg, Emily A. Sarver, Heather A. Lowers, C. Iwaniuk, S. Clingerman, D. Richardson, J.L. Abraham, Carlyne D. Cool, A. Franko, A.F. Hubbs, J. D. Murray, M.S. Orandle, S. Sanyal, N.I. Vorajee, E.L. Petsonk, R. Zulfikar, F.H. Green
2021, Annals of the American Thoracic Society
Rationale: The reasons for resurgent coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and its most severe forms, rapidly progressive pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis...
Role of ingesta particle size in the green turtle grazing strategy, ontogenetic diet shifts, and responses to seagrass declines
Alexandra G. Gulick, Anne B. Meylan, Peter A. Meylan, Kristen Hart, Jennifer A. Gray, Gaelle Roth, Alan B. Bolten, Karen A. Bjorndal
2021, Marine Biology (168)
Populations of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas), a mega-herbivore that consumes seagrasses, are recovering worldwide. Understanding green turtle adaptations to herbivory and responses to changes in seagrass availability will be critical to interpreting plant–herbivore interactions as green turtle populations continue to rebound. Ingesta particle size and...
Satellites for long-term monitoring of inland U.S. lakes: The MERIS time series and application for chlorophyll-a
Bridget Seegers, P. Jeremy Werdell, Ryan Vandermeulen, Wilson Salls, Richard Stumpf, Blake Schaeffer, Tommy Owens, Sean Bailey, Joel Scott, Keith A. Loftin
2021, Remote Sensing of the Environment (266)
Lakes and other surface fresh waterbodies provide drinking water, recreational and economic opportunities, food, and other critical support for humans, aquatic life, and ecosystem health. Lakes are also productive ecosystems that provide habitats and influence global cycles. Chlorophyll concentration provides a common metric of water quality, and is frequently used...
Discharge and dissolved-solids characteristics of Blacks Fork above Smiths Fork, Wyoming, April 2018 through September 2019
Cheryl A. Eddy-Miller, Jerrod D. Wheeler, Ruth M. Law, Shaun W. Moran
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5095
The Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Forum was formed in 1973 to coordinate salinity control efforts among the States in the Colorado River Basin, including Wyoming. The Colorado River Salinity Control Act of 1974 (Public Law 93–320) authorized “the construction, operation, and maintenance of certain works in the Colorado River...
Hydrogeologic framework of the Big Lost River Basin, south-central Idaho, chap. A of Zinsser, L.M., ed., Characterization of water resources in the Big Lost River Basin, south-central Idaho
Lauren M. Zinsser
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5078-A
Surface-water and groundwater resources in the Big Lost River Basin of south-central Idaho are extensively interconnected; this interchange affects and is affected by water-resource management for irrigated agriculture and other uses in the basin. Concerns from water users regarding declining groundwater levels, declining streamflows, and drought helped motivate an...
Earth Resources Observation and Science Center—Keeping watch over Earth's resources
U.S. Geological Survey
2021, Fact Sheet 2021-3052
The Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center is the largest facility of its kind within the U.S. Geological Survey. As both a science and data center, EROS serves a unique and critical role in shaping our understanding of a changing planet.EROS opened its doors in 1973 as a receiving...
Long-term epilimnetic temperature trends in Lake Mendota and Trout Lake, Wisconsin
Richard C Lathrop, Dale M. Robertson
2021, Report
Warming of lake surface waters has become a concern to limnologists and water managers because air temperatures, which directly affect near-surface water temperatures, are projected to increase in Wisconsin (WICCI 2011) as well as globally (IPCC 2018). This projected increase is in addition to the changes in air temperatures that...
Zirconium-bearing accessory minerals in UK Paleogene granites: Textural, compositional, and paragenetic relationships
Harvey E. Belkin, Ray MacDonald
2021, European Journal of Mineralogy (37) 537-570
The mineral occurrences, parageneses, textures, and compositions of Zr-bearing accessory minerals in a suite of UK Paleogene granites from Scotland and Northern Ireland are described. Baddeleyite, zirconolite, and zircon, in that sequence, formed in hornblende + biotite granites (type 1) and hedenbergite–fayalite granites (type 2). The peralkaline microgranite (type 3) of...
Origin of unconsolidated Quaternary deposits at Harriet Point near Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
Christopher F. Waythomas
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2021-5071
Unconsolidated boulder-rich diamicton units exposed in sea cliffs at Harriet Point southeast of Redoubt Volcano were evaluated to better understand their provenance relative to the late Quaternary eruptive history of the volcano. A previous study concluded that deposits at Harriet Point were emplaced by a large volcanic landslide originating on...
Economic assessment of surface water in the Harney Basin, Oregon
Lucas S. Bair, Matthew Flyr, Christopher Huber
2021, Open-File Report 2021-1087
Executive SummaryThe Harney Basin is a closed river basin in southeastern Oregon. Surface water in the basin is used for a variety of social, economic, and ecological benefits. While some surface water uses compete with one another, others are complementary or jointly produce multiple beneficial outcomes. The objective of this...
Periodic oscillation and tri-stability in mutualism systems with two consumers
Yuanshi Wang, Hong Wu, Donald L. DeAngelis
2021, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (506)
This paper considers mutualistic interactions between two consumers, in which one consumer can consume a resource only by exchange of service for service with the other. By rigorous analysis on the one-resource and two-consumer model with Holling-type I response, we show periodic oscillations and tri-stability in the mutualism system: when...
Survival and abundance of polar bears in Alaska’s Beaufort Sea, 2001–2016
Jeffrey F. Bromaghin, David C. Douglas, George M. Durner, Kristin S. Simac, Todd C. Atwood
2021, Ecology and Evolution (11) 14250-14267
The Arctic Ocean is undergoing rapid transformation toward a seasonally ice-free ecosystem. As ice-adapted apex predators, polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are challenged to cope with ongoing habitat degradation and changes in their prey base driven by food-web response to climate warming. Knowledge of polar bear response to environmental change is...
Modelling presence versus abundance for invasive species risk assessment
Catherine S. Jarnevich, Helen Sofaer, Peder Engelstad
2021, Diversity and Distributions (27) 2454-2464
AimInvasive species prevention and management can be guided by comparisons of invasion risk across space and among species. Species distribution models are widely used to assess invasion risk and typically estimate suitability for species presence. However, suitability for presence may not capture patterns of abundance and impact....
Natural history of a bighorn sheep pneumonia epizootic: Source of infection, course of disease, and pathogen clearance
T. E. Besser, E. Frances Cassirer, Amy Lisk, Danielle Nelson, Kezia R. Manlove, Paul C. Cross, John T. Hogg
2021, Ecology and Evolution (11) 14366-14382
A respiratory disease epizootic at the National Bison Range (NBR) in Montana in 2016–2017 caused an 85% decline in the bighorn sheep population, documented by observations of its unmarked but individually identifiable members, the subjects of an ongoing long-term study. The index case was likely one of a small group...
Evidence for humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum
Matthew R. Bennett, David Bustos, Jeffrey S. Pigati, Kathleen B. Springer, Thomas. M. Urban, Vance T. Holliday, Sally C. Reynolds, Marcin Budka, Jeffrey S. Honke, Adam M. Hudson, Brendan Fenerty, Clare Connelly, Patrick J. Martinez, Vincent L. Santucci, Daniel Odess
2021, Science 1528-1531
Archaeologists and researchers in allied fields have long sought to understand human colonization of North America. When, how, and from where did people migrate, and what were the consequences of their arrival for the established fauna and landscape are enduring questions. Here, we present evidence from excavated surfaces of in...
Informing future condition scenario planning for habitat specialists of the imperiled pine rockland ecosystem of South Florida
Susan C. Walls
2021, Report
This project evaluated habitat conditions for two species found in the imperiled pine rockland ecosystem—the Rim Rock Crowned Snake (Tantilla oolitica) and the Key Ring-Necked Snake (Diadophis punctatus acricus). The Rim Rock Crowned Snake historically occurred in eastern Miami-Dade County (hereafter, mainland) as well as throughout the Florida Keys, whereas...
Evaluating streamwater dissolved organic carbon dynamics in context of variable flowpath contributions with a tracer-based mixing model
James E. Saiers, Jennifer H. Fair, James B. Shanley, J.D. Hosen, Serena Matt, Kevin A Ryan, P.A. Raymond
2021, Water Resources Research (57) 1-23
This study focuses on characterizing the contributions of key terrestrial pathways that deliver dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to streams during hydrological events and on elucidating factors governing variation in water and DOC fluxes from these pathways. We made high-frequency measurements of discharge, specific conductance (SC), and...
Helium-carbon systematics of groundwaters in the Lassen Peak Region
Peter Barry, David Bekaert, John Krantz, Saemundor Halldorsson, J. Maarten DeMoor, Tobias Fischer, Cynthia Werner, Peter J. Kelly, Alan Seltzer, Brian Franz, Justin T. Kulongoski
2021, Chemical Geology (584)
Carbon dioxide emissions from active subaerial volcanoes represent 20–50% of the annual global volcanic CO2 flux (Barry et al., 2014). Passive degassing of carbon from the flanks of volcanoes, and the associated accumulation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) within nearby groundwater, also represents a potentially...
Alpine glacier reveals ecosystem impacts of Europe's prosperity and peril over the last millennium
Sandra O. Brugger, Margit Schwikowski, Erika Gobet, Christoph Schworer, Christian Rohr, Michael Sigl, Stephan Henne, Christian Pfister, Theo M. Jenk, Paul D. Henne, Willy Tinner
2021, Geophysical Research Letters (48)
Information about past ecosystem dynamics and human activities is stored in the ice of Colle Gnifetti glacier in the Swiss Alps. Adverse climatic intervals incurred crop failures and famines and triggered reestablishment of forest vegetation but also societal resilience through innovation. Historical documents and lake sediments record...
Cataloging tectonic tremor energy radiation in the Cascadia subduction zone
Aaron Wech
2021, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (126)
For the past ∼12 years the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network has been automatically detecting and locating tectonic tremor across the Cascadia subduction zone, resulting in a catalog of more than 500,000 tremor epicenters to date, which has served as a valuable resource for tremor and slip research. This...
Red knot stopover population size and migration ecology at Delaware Bay, USA, 2021
James E. Lyons
2021, Report
Red Knots (Calidris canutus rufa) stop at Delaware Bay during northward migration to feed on eggs of horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus). The northward migration of C. c. rufa coincides with the spawning of horseshoe crabs whose eggs are the perfect food for a migrating Red Knot (Karpanty et al. 2006,...
SiteOpt: An open-source R-package for site selection and portfolio optimization
Payman G Saghand, Zulqarnain Haider, Hadi Charkhgard, Mitchell J. Eaton, Julien Martin, Simeon Yurek, Bradley J. Udell
2021, Ecography (44) 1678-1685
Conservation planning involves identifying and selecting actions to best achieve objectives for managing natural, social and cultural resources. Conservation problems are often high dimensional when specified as combinatorial or portfolio problems and when multiple competing objectives are considered at varying spatial and temporal scales. Although analytical techniques such as modern...
Frequency distribution
Ricardo A. Olea
2021, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of mathematical geosciences
Given a numerical dataset, a frequency distribution is a summary displaying fluctuations of an attribute within the range of values. In contrast to an analytical probability distribution, a frequency distribution always deals with empirically observed values (Everitt and Skondall 2010). In general, the larger...
Drought resistance and resilience: The role of soil moisture–plant interactions and legacies in a dryland ecosystem
Dave Hoover, Alix A. Pfennigwerth, Michael C. Duniway
2021, Journal of Ecology (109) 3280-3294
In many regions of the world, climate change is projected to reduce water availability through changes in the hydrological cycle, including more frequent and intense droughts, as well as seasonal shifts in precipitation. In water-limited ecosystems, such as drylands, lower soil water availability may exceed the adaptive capacity of...
