Tools and technologies for quantifying spread and impacts of invasive species
Matt Reeves, Ines Ibanez, Dana Blumenthal, Gang Chen, Qinfeng Guo, Catherine S. Jarnevich, Jennifer Koch, Frank Sapio, Michael D. Schwartz, Ross K. Meentemeyer, Bruce Wylie, Stephen P. Boyte
2021, Book chapter, Invasive species in forests and rangelands of the United States: A comprehensive science synthesis for the United States Forest Sector
The need for tools and technologies for understanding and quantifying invasive species has never been greater. Rates of infestation vary on the species or organism being examined across the United States, and notable examples can be found. For example, from 2001 to 2003 alone, ash (Fraxinus spp.) mortality progressed at a...
Development of aquaculture protocols and gonadal differentiation of red shiner
Chad N. Teal, Daniel J. Schill, Susan B. Fogelson, Scott A. Bonar
2021, North American Journal of Aquaculture (83) 145-154
Developing detailed rearing methods and describing the onset of gonadal differentiation in Red Shiners Cyprinella lutrensis could facilitate the development of novel techniques to control or enhance populations, enable toxicology studies, and help construct bioassays. In this study, we develop and report aquaculture practices for Red Shiner that ensure consistent year-round production...
Bottom trawl assessment of benthic preyfish community in Lake Ontario
Brian O’Malley, Jessica Goretzke, Jeremy P. Holden
2021, Report, NYSDEC Lake Ontario annual report 2020
Since 1978, the Lake Ontario benthic preyfish survey has provided information on the status and trends of the benthic preyfish community related to Lake Ontario Fish Community Objectives that include understanding preyfish population dynamics and community diversity. Beginning in 2015, the benthic preyfish survey expanded from US-only to incorporate lake-wide...
Gopherus agassizii
Kristin H. Berry, L. J. Allison, A. M. McLuckie, M. Vaughn, R. W. Murphy
2021, The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021
A provisional Red List Assessment of the widespread Desert Tortoise, Gopherus agassizii (sensu lato), was performed at a Desert Tortoise Council workshop in 2010 and updated by the IUCN Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group (TFTSG) in 2011, at which time the Mojave Desert subpopulation, now considered G. agassizii (sensu...
Mineral Mapping of the Battle Mountain District, Nevada, USA, Using AVIRIS-Classic and SpecTIR Inc. AisaFENIX 1K Imaging Spectrometer Datasets
John Michael Meyer, Elizabeth A. Holley, Raymond F. Kokaly, Gregg A. Swayze, Todd M. Hoefen
2021, Conference Paper, 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS
Imaging spectroscopy (hyperspectral imaging) has been used to successfully map minerals at the outcrop, deposit, district, and regional scale. This contribution presents spectral-based mineral maps of the Battle Mountain mining district, Nevada, USA, generated using multi-scale airborne imaging and ground-based point spectrometers. Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer...
Restoration of organic coastal and inland freshwater forests
Beth Middleton, Eric Ward, Lorenzo Menichetti
2021, Book chapter, Recarbonizing global soils – A technical manual of recommended management practices
Peatland forests occur worldwide in inundated soils where primary production and anaerobic conditions contribute to the building of soil organic matter (Günther et al., 2020). Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) can be substantial from drained freshwater forests with organic soils. Therefore, rewetting peat via hydrologic restoration (see factsheet n°12 on Peatland...
Effects of chronic and acute stressors on transplanted black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) seedlings along an eroding Louisiana shoreline
Aaron Macy, Michael Osland, Julia A. Cherry, Just Cebrian
2021, Restoration Ecology (29)
Coastal wetland restoration can be used to offset past wetland losses and/or reduce future losses due to land-use changes, rising sea levels, and accelerating climate change. However, there is a need for information regarding the restoration-relevant performance of foundation species like mangrove and marsh plants, including their responses to acute...
Using landscape metrics to characterize towns along an urban-rural gradient
Abigail R. Kaminski, Dana Marie Bauer, Kathleen P. Bell, Cyndy Loftin, Erik Nelson
2021, Landscape Ecology (36) 2937-2956
ContextUrban-rural gradients are useful tools when examining the influence of human disturbances on ecological, social and coupled systems, yet the most commonly used gradient definitions are based on single broad measures such as housing density or percent forest cover that fail to capture landscape patterns important for conservation.<h3...
The distribution of anadromy in steelhead / rainbow trout in the Eel River, northwestern California
Bret C. Harvey, Rodney J. Nakamoto, Adam J.R. Kent, Christian E. Zimmerman
2021, California Fish and Wildlife Journal (107) 77-88
To inform management and conservation of the species, we investigated the distribution of anadromy and residency of steelhead/rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Eel River of northwestern California. We determined maternal anadromy versus residency for 106 juvenile O. mykiss using otolith microchemistry. To attempt to relate patterns of anadromy with...
Conspecific and congeneric interactions shape increasing rates of breeding dispersal of northern spotted owls
Julianna M. A. Jenkins, Damon B. Lesmeister, Eric D. Forsman, Katie M. Dugger, Steven H. Ackers, Steven Andrews, Scott A. Gremel, Bruce A. Hollen, Chris E. McCafferty, Shane Pruett, Janice A. Reid, Stan A. Sovern, David Wiens
2021, Ecological Applications (31)
Breeding dispersal, the movement from one breeding territory to another, is rare for philopatric species that evolved within relatively stable environments, such as the old-growth coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest. Although dispersal is not inherently maladaptive, the consequences of increased dispersal on population dynamics in...
Fragmentation and streamflow metrics drive prairie chub (Macrhybopsis australis) occurrence in the upper Red River basin
R. Mollenhauer, Shannon K. Brewer, J.S. Perkin, D. Swedberg, M. Wedgeworth, Z.D. Steffensmeier
2021, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (31) 3215-3227
Dam construction threatens global aquatic biodiversity by fragmenting stream networks and altering flow regimes. The negative effects of dams are exacerbated by increased drought periods and associated water withdrawals, especially in semi-arid regions. Stream fishes are particularly threatened owing to their mobile nature and requirement for multiple habitats to...
Borehole sampling of surficial sediments in Northern Virginia and Southern Maryland
Peter G. Chirico, Jessica D. DeWitt, Sarah E. Bergstresser
2021, Open-File Report 2021-1038
From 2014 to 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey’s Florence Bascom Geoscience Center (FBGC) entered into an inter-agency agreement with the Federal Highway Administration’s Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center (TFHRC) to assist in field site selection and auger drilling fieldwork. The TFHRC was developing a device to measure the erosional properties of...
Diffusion modeling reveals effects of multiple release sites and human activity on a recolonizing apex predator
Joseph M. Eisaguirre, Perry J. Willliams, Xinyi Lu, Michelle L. Kissling, William S. Beatty, George G. Esslinger, Jamie N. Womble, Mevin Hooten
2021, Movement Ecology (9)
BackgroundReintroducing predators is a promising conservation tool to help remedy human-caused ecosystem changes. However, the growth and spread of a reintroduced population is a spatiotemporal process that is driven by a suite of factors, such as habitat change, human activity, and prey availability. Sea otters (Enhydra lutris) are...
Literature review for candidate chemical control agents for nonnative crayfish
Justin R. Schueller, Justin Smerud, Kim T. Fredricks, Joel G. Putnam
2021, Open-File Report 2021-1048
Nonnative crayfish are an immediate and pervasive threat to aquatic environments and their biodiversity. Crayfish control can be achieved by physical methods, water chemistry modification, biological methods, biocidal application, and application of crayfish physiology modifiers. The purpose of this report is to identify suitable candidates for potential control of nonnative...
Preserving soil organic carbon in prairie wetlands of central North America
Sheel Bansal, Brian Tangen
2021, Book chapter, Recarbonizing global soils– A technical manual of recommended management practices
Wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) in the Great Plains of central North America are numerous, densely distributed, and have highly productive plant and animal communities (Photo 49). When in a natural, unaltered condition, these wetlands store relatively large amounts of organic carbon in their soils (Photo 50). Human...
Geologic and geophysical maps of the Newfoundland Mountains and part of the adjacent Wells 30' x 60' quadrangles, Box Elder County, Utah
David M. Miller, Tracey J. Felger, Victoria E. Langenheim
2021, Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication MP-173DM
The Newfoundland Mountains map area (Newfoundland Mountains and adjacent part of Wells 30' x 60' quadrangles) is located in Box Elder County, northwestern Utah. The map encompasses broad expanses of the Great Salt Lake Desert as well as several picturesque mountain ranges (figures 1, 2, and 3). The geology of...
Toward improved decision-support tools for Delta Smelt management actions
Denise Reed, Shawn Acuna, Eli Ateljevich, Larry R. Brown, Ben Geske, Edward Gross, Jim Hobbs, Wim J. Kimmerer, Lisa Lucas, Matthew Nobriga, Kenneth A Rose
2021, Report
The Collaborative Science and Adaptive Management Program (CSAMP) has endorsed a goal of reversing the recent downward trajectory of the Delta Smelt population within 5-10 generations, with the long-term aim of establishing a self-sustaining population. An ambitious agenda of management actions is planned, and more management actions are being considered....
Global tropical reef fish richness could decline by around half if corals are lost
Giovanni Strona, Kevin D. Lafferty, Simone Fattorini, Pieter Beck, Francois Guilhaumon, Roberto Arrigoni, Simone Montano, Davide Seveso, Paolo Galli, Serge Planes, Valeriano Parravicini
2021, Proceedings of the Royal Society B (288)
Reef fishes are a treasured part of marine biodiversity, and also provide needed protein for many millions of people. Although most reef fishes might survive projected increases in ocean temperatures, corals are less tolerant. A few fish species strictly depend on corals for food and shelter, suggesting that coral extinctions...
Strength recovery and sealing under hydrothermal conditions
Tamara Nicole Jeppson, David A. Lockner, Brian D. Kilgore, Nicholas M. Beeler, Joshua M. Taron
2021, Conference Paper
While there is significant evidence for healing in natural faults, geothermal reservoirs, and lab experiments, the thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, and chemical interactions that influence healing are poorly understood. We present preliminary results of triaxial slide-hold-slide experiments to constrain rates and mechanisms of healing. Experiments were conducted on gouge composed of...
Appendix E. Water quality and hydrology of Green Lake, Wisconsin, and the response in its near-surface water-quality and metalimnetic dissolved oxygen minima to changes in phosphorus loading
Dale M. Robertson, Benjamin J. Siebers, Robert Ladwig, David P. Hamilton, Paul Reneau, Cory P. McDonald, Stephanie Prellwitz, Richard C Lathrop
2021, Report, Diagnostic and feasibility study findings: Water quality improvements for Green Lake, Wisconsin
Green Lake is the deepest natural inland lake in Wisconsin, USA, with a maximum depth of about 72 meters (m). In the early 1900’s, the lake was believed to have very good water quality (low nutrient concentrations and good water clarity), with low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations only in the...
Quantifying the representation of plant communities in the protected areas of the U.S.: An analysis based on the U.S. National Vegetation Classification Groups
Alexa McKerrow, Anne Davidson, Matthew J. Rubino, Don Faber-Langendoen, Daryn Dockter
2021, Forests (12)
Plant communities represent the integration of ecological and biological processes and they serve as an important component for the protection of biological diversity. To measure progress towards protection of ecosystems in the United States for various stated conservation targets we need datasets at the appropriate thematic, spatial, and temporal resolution....
The drying regimes of non-perennial rivers and streams
Adam N. Price, C. Nathan Jones, John C. Hammond, Margaret Zimmer, Samuel Zipper
2021, Geophysical Research Letters (48)
The flow regime paradigm is central to the aquatic sciences, where flow drives critical functions in lotic systems. Non-perennial streams comprise the majority of global river length, thus we extended this paradigm to stream drying. Using 894 USGS gages, we isolated 25,207 drying events from 1979 to 2018, represented by...
Estimated water withdrawals and use in Puerto Rico, 2015
Wanda L. Molina-Rivera, Michelle M. Irizarry-Ortiz
2021, Open-File Report 2021-1060
Water withdrawals and use in Puerto Rico for 2015 were estimated at 2,372 million gallons per day (Mgal/d), which was 21 percent less than withdrawals and use for 2010. The 2015 total water withdrawal and use estimates were the lowest since 1990 and coincided with a substantial decline of 25...
Identifying elusive piercing points along the North American transform margin using mixture modeling of detrital zircon data from sedimentary units and their crystalline sources
Clark Gilbert, Zane R. Jobe, Samuel Johnstone, Glenn R. Sharman
2021, The Sedimentary Record (19) 12-21
The San Gabriel and Canton faults represent early stages in the development of the San Andreas fault system. However, questions of timing of initiation and magnitude of slip on these structures remain unresolved, with published estimates ranging from 42-75 km and likely starting in the Miocene. This uncertainty in slip...
Divergent climate change effects on widespread dryland plant communities driven by climatic and ecohydrological gradients
Kyle A. Palmquist, Daniel Rodolphe Schlaepfer, Rachel R. Renne, Steve Torbit, Kevin Doherty, Thomas E. Remington, Greg Watson, John B. Bradford, William K. Lauenroth
2021, Global Change Biology (27) 5169-5185
Plant community response to climate change will be influenced by individual plant responses that emerge from competition for limiting resources that fluctuate through time and vary across space. Projecting these responses requires an approach that integrates environmental conditions and species interactions that result from future climatic...
