Formation of dense pyroclasts by sintering of ash particles during the preclimactic eruptions of Mt. Pinatubo in 1991
Yining Wang, James E. Gardner, Richard P. Hoblitt
2021, Bulletin of Volcanology (83)
Dense, vitric, dacitic pyroclasts (dacite lithics) from the 1991 preclimactic explosions of Mt. Pinatubo were analyzed for their vesicular and crystal textures and dissolved H2O and CO2 contents. Micron-scale heterogeneities in groundmass glass volatile contents (0.9 wt% differences in H2O within 500 μm) are observed and argue that parts of the dacite...
Monitoring wetland water quality related to livestock grazing in amphibian habitats
Kelly L. Smalling, Jennifer Rowe, Christopher Pearl, Luke R. Iwanowicz, Carrie E. Givens, Chauncey W. Anderson, Brome McCreary, Michael J. Adams
2021, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (193)
Land use alteration such as livestock grazing can affect water quality in habitats of at-risk wildlife species. Data from managed wetlands are needed to understand levels of exposure for aquatic life stages and monitor grazing-related changes afield. We quantified spatial and temporal variation in water quality...
Coseismic fault slip and afterslip associated with the M5.7 March 18, 2020 Magna, Utah, earthquake
Frederick Pollitz, Charles Wicks, Jerry L. Svarc
2021, Seismological Research Letters (92) 741-754
The 2020 Magna, Utah, earthquake produced observable crustal deformation over a ∼ 100 km2 area around the southeast margin of Great Salt Lake, but it did not produce any surface rupture. To obtain a detailed picture of the fault slip, we combine strong motion seismic waveforms with GPS static offsets...
Widespread use of the nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin: Assessing benefits and costs to agriculture, ecosystems, and environmental health
Emily Woodward, Thea M. Edwards, Carrie E. Givens, Dana W. Kolpin, Michelle L. Hladik
2021, Environmental Science and Technology (55) 1345-1353
Agricultural production and associated applications of nitrogen (N) fertilizers have increased dramatically in the last century, and current projections to 2050 show that demands will continue to increase as the human population grows. Applied in both organic and inorganic fertilizer forms, N is an essential nutrient in crop productivity. Increased...
Comparison of specimen- and image-based morphometrics in Cisco
Brian O’Malley, Joseph Schmitt, Jeremy P. Holden, Brian Weidel
2021, Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management (12) 208-215
Morphometric data from fish are typically generated using one of two methods: direct measurements made on a specimen or extraction of distances from a digital picture. We compared data on 12 morphometrics collected with these two methods on the same collection of Cisco Coregonus artedi from Lake...
Three-dimensional distribution of residence time metrics in the glaciated United States using metamodels trained on general numerical models
J. Jeffrey Starn, Leon J. Kauffman, Carl S. Carlson, James E. Reddy, Michael N. Fienen
2021, Water Resources Research (57)
Residence time distribution (RTD) is a critically important characteristic of groundwater flow systems; however, it cannot be measured directly. RTD can be inferred from tracer data with analytical models (few parameters) or with numerical models (many parameters). The second approach permits more variation in system properties but...
Historic population estimates for bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Aragua, Venezuela indicate monitoring need
Sergio Cobarrubia-Russo, Shannon Barber-Meyer, Guillermo R. Barreto, Alimar Molero-Lizarraga
2021, Aquatic Mammals (1) 10-20
This study reports historic capture-mark-recapture survival and abundance estimates of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) based on photo-identification surveys of coastal Venezuela (along the Aragua coast between Turiamo Bay and Puerto Colombia). We used the most recent data available: dolphins identified by unique dorsal fin marks during wet and dry...
Exposure to domoic acid is an ecological driver of cardiac disease in southern sea otters
Megan E. Moriarty, M. Tim Tinker, Melissa Miller, Joseph A. Tomoleoni, Michelle M. Staedler, Jessica A. Fujii, Francesca I. Batac, Erin M. Dodd, Raphael M. Kudela, Vanessa Zubkousky-White, Christine K. Johnson
2021, Harmful Algae (101)
Harmful algal blooms produce toxins that bioaccumulate in the food web and adversely affect humans, animals, and entire marine ecosystems. Blooms of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia can produce domoic acid (DA), a toxin that most commonly causes neurological disease in endothermic animals, with cardiovascular effects...
Gondwanic inheritance on the building of the western Central Andes (Domeyko Range, Chile): Structural and thermochronological approach (U-Pb and 40Ar-39Ar)
Mauricio Espinoza, Veronica Oliveros, Paulina Vasquez, Laura Giambiagi, Leah E. Morgan, Rodrigo Gonzalez, Luigi Solari, Florencia Bechis
2021, Tectonics (40)
Tectonics inheritance controls the evolution of many orogens. To unravel the role of the Gondwanan heritage (late Paleozoic to Triassic) over the building of the Central Andes in northern Chile (Domeyko Range), we performed detrital U‐Pb zircon and 40Ar/39Ar muscovite geochronology along with structural analyses (kinematics and structural balancing). 40Ar/39Ar dating of...
Eroding Cascadia— Sediment and solute transport and landscape denudation in western Oregon and northwestern California
Jim E. O'Connor, Joseph F. Mangano, Daniel R. Wise, Joshua R. Roering
2021, Geological Society of America Bulletin (133) 1851-1874
Riverine measurements of sediment and solute transport give empirical basin-scale estimates of bed-load, suspended-sediment, and silicate-solute fluxes for 100,000 km2 of northwestern California and western Oregon. This spatially explicit sediment budget shows the multifaceted control of geology and physiography on the rates and processes of fluvial...
Globally prevalent land nitrogen memory amplifies water pollution following drought years
Minjin Lee, Charles A. Stock, Elena Shevliakova, Sergey Malyshev, Paul C. D. Milly
2021, Environmental Research Letters (16)
Enhanced riverine delivery of terrestrial nitrogen (N) has polluted many freshwater and coastal ecosystems, degrading drinking water and marine resources. An emerging view suggests a contribution of land N memory effects—impacts of antecedent dry conditions on land N accumulation that disproportionately increase subsequent river N loads. To...
Regal fritillary (Speyeria idalia) sex ratio in tallgrass prairie: Effects of survey timing and management regime
Kelsey McCullough, David A. Haukos, Gene Albanese
2021, The American Midland Naturalist (185) 57-76
The regal fritillary, Speyeria idalia (Drury), was once a common inhabitant of North American grassland communities. Regal fritillary populations are commonly reported to have a male biased adult sex ratio (ASR) throughout their range. We assessed the observed ASR of regal fritillary throughout an annual flight period,...
Upland burning and grazing as strategies to offset climate-change effects on wetlands
Owen P. McKenna, David A. Renton, David M. Mushet, Edward S. DeKeyser
2021, Wetlands Ecology and Management (29) 208
Wetland ecosystems perform a multitude of services valued by society and provide critical habitat for migratory birds and other wildlife. Despite their importance, wetlands have been lost to different local, regional, and global drivers. Remaining wetlands are extremely sensitive to changing temperature and precipitation regimes. Management...
The unsung success of injurious wildlife listing under the Lacey Act
Susan D. Jewell, Pam Fuller
2021, Management of Biological Invasions (12) 527-545
Previous papers discussing the effectiveness of injurious wildlife listings under 18 U.S.C. 42(a) of the Lacey Act have emphasized failures while ignoring the many successes. We looked at the 120-year history of injurious listing and then determined the effectiveness of the listings since the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)...
Thermal constraints on energy balance, behaviour and spatial distribution of grizzly bears
Savannah A. Rogers, Charlie T. Robbins, Paul D. Mathewson, Anthony M. Carnahan, Frank T. van Manen, Mark A. Haroldson, Warren P. Porter, Taylor R. Rogers, Terrence Soule, Ryan A. Long
2021, Functional Ecology (35) 398-410
1. Heat dissipation limit theory posits that energy available for growth and reproduction in endotherms is limited by their ability to dissipate heat. In mammals, endogenous heat production increases markedly during gestation and lactation, and thus female mammals may be subject to greater thermal constraints on energy expenditure than males....
Quality of surface water in Missouri, water year 2019
Robert T. Kay
2021, Data Series 1132
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, designed and operates a network of monitoring stations on streams and springs throughout Missouri known as the Ambient Water-Quality Monitoring Network (AWQMN). During water year 2019 (October 1, 2018, through September 30, 2019), water-quality data were collected...
Uranium(VI) attenuation in a carbonate-bearing oxic alluvial aquifer
PJ Nolan, S Bone, Kate M. Campbell, David Pannell, O Healy, M Stange, J Bargar, KA Weber
2021, Journal of Hazardous Materials (412)
Uranium minerals are commonly found in soils and sediment across the United States at an average concentration of 2–4 mg/kg. Uranium occurs in the environment primarily in two forms, the oxidized, mostly soluble uranium(VI) form, or the reduced, sparingly soluble reduced uranium(IV) form. Here we describe subsurface geochemical conditions that result...
Multiple co-occurring and persistently detected cyanotoxins and associated cyanobacteria in adjacent California lakes
Meredith D. A. Howard, Raphael M. Kudela, Kendra Hayashi, Avery O. Tatters, David A. Caron, Susanna Theroux, Stuart Oehrle, Miranda Roethler, Ariel Donovan, Keith A. Loftin, Zachary R. Laughrey
2021, Toxicon (192) 1-14
The global proliferation of toxin producing cyanobacterial blooms has been attributed to a wide variety of environmental factors with nutrient pollution, increased temperatures, and drought being three of the most significant. The current study is the first formal assessment of cyanotoxins...
Visualization of schistosomiasis snail habitats using light unmanned aerial vehicles
Andrew J Chamberlin, Isabel J. Jones, Andrea J Lund, Nicolas Jouanard, Gilles Riveau, Raphael Ndione, Susanne H. Sokolow, Chelsea L. Wood, Kevin D. Lafferty, Giulio A. De Leo
2021, Geospatial Health (15) 382-385
Schistosomiasis, or “snail fever”, is a parasitic disease affecting over 200 million people worldwide. People become infected when exposed to water containing particular species of freshwater snails. Habitats for such snails can be mapped using lightweight, inexpensive and field-deployable consumer-grade Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones. Drones can...
Variation in species composition, size and fitness of two multi-species sea turtle assemblages using different neritic habitats
Margaret M. Lamont, Darren Johnson
Nathan Freeman Putman, editor(s)
2021, Frontiers in Marine Science (7) 1-11
The neritic environment is rich in resources and as such plays a crucial role as foraging habitat for multi-species marine assemblages, including sea turtles. However, this habitat also experiences a wide array of anthropogenic threats. To prioritize conservation funds, targeting areas that support multi-species assemblages is ideal. This is particularly...
Geochemistry of coastal permafrost and erosion-driven organic matter fluxes to the Beaufort Sea near Drew Point, Alaska
Emily M. Bristol, Craig T. Connolly, Thomas Lorenson, Bruce M. Richmond, Anastasia G. Ilgen, Charles R. Choens, Diana L. Bull, Mikhail Z. Kanevskiy, Go Iwahana, Benjamin M. Jones, James W. McClelland
2021, Frontiers in Earth Science (8)
Accelerating erosion of the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast is increasing inputs of organic matter from land to the Arctic Ocean, and improved estimates of organic matter stocks in eroding coastal permafrost are needed to assess their mobilization rates under contemporary conditions. We collected three permafrost cores (4.5–7.5 m long)...
Radiometric constraints on the timing, tempo, and effects of large igneous province emplacement
Jennifer Kasbohm, Blair Schoene, Seth D. Burgess
2021, Book chapter, Large igneous provinces: A driver of global environmental and biotic changes
There is an apparent temporal correlation between large igneous province (LIP) emplacement and global environmental crises, including mass extinctions. Advances in the precision and accuracy of geochronology in the past decade have significantly improved estimates of the timing and duration of LIP emplacement, mass extinction events, and global climate perturbations,...
Using high sample rate lidar to measure debris-flow velocity and surface geometry
Francis K. Rengers, Thomas D Rapstine, Michael Olsen, Kate E. Allstadt, Richard M. Iverson, Ben Leshchinsky, Maciej Obryk, Joel B. Smith
2021, Environmental and Engineering Geoscience (27) 113-126
Debris flows evolve in both time and space in complex ways, commonly starting as coherent failures but then quickly developing structures such as roll waves and surges. These processes are readily observed but difficult to study or quantify because of the speed at which they...
Groundwater discharge impacts marine isotope budgets of Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba
Kimberly Mayfield, Anton Eisenhauer, Danielle P. Santiago Ramos, John A. Higgins, Tristan Horner, Maureen Auro, Tomas Magna, Nils Moosdorf, Matthew Charette, Meagan Gonneea Eagle, Carolyn Brady, Nemanja Komar, Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Adina Paytan
2021, Nature Communications (12)
Groundwater-derived solute fluxes to the ocean have long been assumed static and subordinate to riverine fluxes, if not neglected entirely, in marine isotope budgets. Here we present concentration and isotope data for Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba in coastal groundwaters to constrain the importance of...
Creel surveys for social-ecological systems focused fisheries management
Chelsey L. Nieman, Carolyn Iwicki, Abigail Lynch, Greg G. Sass, Christopher T. Solomon, Ashley Trudeau, Brett van Poorten
2021, Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture (29) 739-752
Recreational fisheries are social-ecological systems (SES), and knowledge of human dimensions coupled with ecology are critically needed to understand their system dynamics. Creel surveys, which typically occur in-person and on-site, serve as an important tool for informing fisheries management. Recreational fisheries creel data have the potential...
