A watershed moment: Analysis of sub-basins refocuses the geography of turtle conservation across the globe
Joshua R. Ennen, Mickey Agha, Sarah C. Sweat, Wildredo A. Matamoros, Jeffrey E. Lovich, John B. Iverson, Anders G.J. Rhodin, Robert C. Thomson, H. Bradley Shaffer, Christopher W. Hoagstrom
2021, Biological Conservation (253)
Conservation planners use a variety of decision-making tools, many of which require identifying and prioritizing spatial units based on their biodiversity and levels of imperilment. Turtles are highly imperiled, but present schemes for determining global priority areas are focused mostly on broad regional scales. We conduct the first global evaluation...
The occurrence and distribution of strontium in U.S. groundwater
MaryLynn Musgrove
2021, Applied Geochemistry (126)
Groundwater samples from 32 principal aquifers across the United States (U.S.) provide a broad spatial scope of the occurrence and distribution of strontium (Sr) and are used to assess environments and factors that influence Sr concentration. Strontium is a common trace element in soils, rocks, and water and is ubiquitous...
Using turbulence to identify preferential areas for grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) larvae in streams: A laboratory study
Andres F. Prada, Amy E. George, Benjamin H. Stahlschmidt, P. Ryan Jackson, Duane Chapman, Rafael O. Tinoco
2021, Water Resources Research (57)
In this experimental series, we studied the swimming capabilities and response of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) larvae to flow turbulence in a laboratory flume. We compared three different experimental configurations, representing in‐stream obstructions commonly found in natural streams (e.g., a gravel bump, a single vertical cylinder,...
Crossroads of highly pathogenic H5N1: overlap between wild and domestic birds in the Black Sea-Mediterranean impacts global transmission
Nichola J. Hill, Lacy M. Smith, Sabir B. Muzaffar, Jessica L. Nagel, Diann Prosser, Jeffery D. Sullivan, Kyle A. Spragens, Carlos A. DeMattos, Cecilia C. Demattos, Lu’ay El Sayed, Kiraz Erciyas-Yavuz, C. Todd Davis, Joyce Jones, Zoltan Kis, Ruben O. Donis, Scott H. Newman, John Y. Takekawa
2021, Virus Evolution (7)
Understanding transmission dynamics that link wild and domestic animals is a key element of predicting the emergence of infectious disease, an event that has highest likelihood of occurring wherever human livelihoods depend on agriculture and animal trade. Contact between poultry and wild birds is a key driver of the emergence...
Lake-wide annual status of Mysis diluviana population in Lake Michigan in 2015
Toby J. Holda, Lars G. Rudstam, Steven A. Pothoven, David Warner, Dmytro S. Krystenko, James M. Watkins
2021, Journal of Great Lakes Research (47) 190-203
Mysis diluviana is one of the most abundant zooplankton by biomass in the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America, a predator of other zooplankton and an important prey for fishes. Studies of long-term trends in Lake Michigan have shown 2005–2016 densities to be 50–80% lower than 1990s densities, but these observations...
Rupture process of the M6.5 Stanley, Idaho, earthquake inferred from seismic waveform and geodetic data
Frederick Pollitz, William C. Hammond, Charles Wicks
2021, Seismological Research Letters (92) 699-709
The 2020 M 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, earthquake produced rupture in the north of the active Sawtooth fault in the northern basin and range at depth, without any observable surface rupture. Global Positioning System (GPS) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data yield several millimeters of static offsets out to ∼100 km from the...
The impacts of the 2015/2016 El Niño on California's sandy beaches
Schuyler A Smith, Patrick L. Barnard
2021, Geomorphology (377)
The El Niño Southern Oscillation is the most dominant mode of interannual climate variability in the Pacific. The 2015/2016 El Niño event was one of the strongest of the last 145 years, resulting in anomalously high wave energy across the U.S. West Coast, and record...
Geometry of obstacle marks at instream boulders-Integration of laboratory investigations and field observations
Oliver Schlomer, Paul E. Grams, Daniel D. Buscombe, Jurgen Herget
2021, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (46) 659-679
Obstacle marks are instream bedforms, typically composed of an upstream frontal scour hole and a downstream sediment accumulation in the vicinity of an obstacle. Local scouring at infrastructure (e.g. bridge piers) is a well‐studied phenomenon in hydraulic engineering, while less attention is given to the time‐dependent...
Rapid sensitivity analysis for reducing uncertainty in landslide hazard assessments
Rex L. Baum
2021, Conference Paper, WLF 2020: Understanding and reducing landslide disaster risk
One of the challenges in assessing temporal and spatial aspects of landslide hazard using process-based models is estimating model input parameters, especially in areas where limited measurements of soil and rock properties are available. In an effort to simplify and streamline parameter estimation, development of a simple, rapid...
Intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of life-history variability for a south-western cutthroat trout
Brock M. Huntsman, Colleen A. Caldwell, Abigail J. Lynch, Fitsum Abadi
2021, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (30) 100-114
The impacts of climate change on cold-water fishes will likely negatively manifest in populations at the trailing edge of their distributions. Rio Grande cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis, RGCT) occupy arid south-western U.S. streams at the southern-most edge of all cutthroat trout distributions, making RGCT particularly...
Estimating the impact of seep methane oxidation on ocean pH and dissolved inorganic radiocarbon along the U.S. mid‐Atlantic Bight
Fenix Garcia-Tigreros, Mihai Leonte, Carolyn D. Ruppel, Angel Ruiz-Angulo, DoongJoo Joung, Benjamin Young, John D. Kessler
2021, Journal of Geophysical Research- Biogeosciences (126)
Ongoing ocean warming can release methane (CH4) currently stored in ocean sediments as free gas and gas hydrates. Once dissolved in ocean waters, this CH4 can be oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO2). While it has been hypothesized that the CO2 produced from aerobic CH4 oxidation could enhance ocean acidification, a...
On the use of statistical analysis to understand submarine landslide processes and assess their hazard
Uri S. ten Brink, Eric L. Geist
2021, Book chapter, Understanding and reducing landslide disaster risk
Because of their inaccessibility, submarine landslides are typically studied individually and at great effort and expense to provide knowledge of the specific site conditions where these landslides occur. Statistical analysis of submarine landslide scars can offer generalized perspectives on the processes that initiate submarine landslides and can help toward hazard...
Progress and lessons learned from responses to landslide disasters
Brian D. Collins, Mark E. Reid, Jeffrey A. Coe, Jason W. Kean, Rex L. Baum, Randall W. Jibson, Jonathan W. Godt, Stephen Slaughter, Greg M. Stock
2021, Book chapter, Understanding and reducing landslide disaster risk
Landslides have the incredible power to transform landscapes and also, tragically, to cause disastrous societal impacts. Whereas the mechanics and effects of many landslide disasters have been analyzed in detail, the means by which landslide experts respond to these events has garnered much less attention. Herein, we evaluate nine landslide...
Identifying information gaps in predicting winter foraging habitat for juvenile Gulf Sturgeon
Leah L. Dale, James P. Cronin, Virginia Brink, Blair Tirpak, John M. Tirpak, William E. Pine III
2021, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (150) 222-241
The Gulf Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi is an anadromous species that inhabits Gulf of Mexico coastal waters from Louisiana to Florida and is listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Seasonal cues (e.g., freshwater discharge) determine the timing of spawning and migration and may influence the...
Assessing the hydrologic and physical conditions of a drainage basin
Waite Osterkamp, Mark K. Briggs, David J. Dean, Alfredo Rodriquez
2021, Book chapter, Renewing our rivers—Stream corridor restoration in dryland regions
An assessment of a drainage basin and its stream corridor will provide the data and information needed to understand current biophysical conditions and trends. Developing an understanding of the drivers of change is the next essential step for restoration success (Osterkamp and Toy, 1997; Corenbilt et al., 2007; Briggs and...
Effect of organic matter concentration and characteristics on mercury mobilization and methylmercury production at an abandoned mine site
Chris S. Eckley, Todd P. Luxton, Brooks Stanfield, Austin K. Baldwin, JoAnn M. Holloway, John McKernan, Mark Johnson
2021, Environmental Pollution (271)
Thousands of abandoned mines throughout the western region of North America contain elevated total-mercury (THg) concentrations. Mercury is mobilized from these sites primarily due to erosion of particulate-bound Hg (THg-P). Organic matter-based soil amendments can promote vegetation growth on mine tailings, reducing erosion and...
Snowpack signals in North American tree rings
Bethany L. Coulthard, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Gregory T. Pederson, Edward R Cook, Jeremy Littell, Dan J. Smith
2021, Environmental Research Letters (16)
Climate change has contributed to recent declines in mountain snowpack and earlier runoff, which in turn has intensified hydrological droughts in western North America. Climate model projections suggest that continued and severe snowpack reductions are expected over the 21st century, with profound consequences for ecosystems and human welfare. Yet the...
Spatial clustering of aftershocks impacts the performance of physics‐based earthquake forecasting models
Jeanne L. Hardebeck
2021, JGR Solid Earth (126)
I explore why physics‐based models of earthquake triggering rarely outperform statistical models in prospective testing, outside of limited spatial‐temporal windows. Pseudo‐prospective tests on suites of synthetic aftershock sequences show that a major factor is the level of unmodeled spatial clustering of the direct aftershocks triggered by the mainshock. The synthetic...
Sentinel coyote pathogen survey to assess declining black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) population in South Dakota, USA
Krysten L. Schuler, Michael Claymore, Hannah Schnitzler, Edward Dubovi, Tonie E. Rocke, Michael J. Perry, Dwight Bowman, Rachel Abbott
2021, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (57) 264-272
As part of the national recovery effort, endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) were reintroduced to the Cheyenne River Sioux Reservation in South Dakota, US in 2000. Despite an encouraging start, numbers of ferrets at the site have declined. In an effort to determine possible causes of the population decline, we...
A long-term geothermal observatory across subseafloor gas hydrates, IODP Hole U1364A, Cascadia accretionary prism
K. Elizabeth Becker, E. E. Davis, M. Hessemann, J. A. Collins, Jeffrey J. McGuire
2021, Frontiers in Earth Sciences (8)
We report 4 years of temperature profiles collected from May 2014 to May 2018 in Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Hole U1364A in the frontal accretionary prism of the Cascadia subduction zone. The temperature data extend to depths of nearly 300 m below seafloor (mbsf), spanning the gas hydrate stability zone at the...
Variation in black bass angler characteristics by stream size and accessibility in Oklahoma’s Ozark Highland streams
B. Chapagain, James M. Long, Andrew T. Taylor, O. Joshi
2021, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (41) 585-599
Fishing in streams and rivers is a popular outdoor recreation activity in eastern Oklahoma, where most anglers target black bass (Micropterus) species. Since the early 1990s, when the last assessment of black bass fishing in the region was conducted, broadscale factors such as harvesting behavior, state fishery regulations, and bass...
In‐situ mass balance estimates offshore Costa Rica
Joel Edwards, Jared W. Kluesner, Eli Silver, Rachel Lauer, Nathan Bangs, Brian Boston
2021, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (22)
The Costa Rican convergent margin has been considered a type erosive margin, with erosional models suggesting average losses up to −153 km3/km/m.y. However, three‐dimensional (3D) seismic reflection and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program data collected offshore the Osa Peninsula images accretionary structures and vertical motions that conflict with the forearc basal erosion...
Canada goose survival and recovery rates in urban and rural areas of Iowa, USA
Benjamin Z. Luukkonen, Orrin E. Jones, Robert W. Klaver
2021, Journal of Wildlife Management (85) 283-292
Once extirpated from much of their North American range, temperate-breeding Canada geese (Branta canadensis maxima) have reached high abundance. As a result, focus has shifted from restoration to managing harvest and addressing human-goose conflict. Conflict persists or is increasing in urban areas throughout the Mississippi Flyway....
Survival and movement patterns of Rainbow Trout stocked in a groundwater-influenced warmwater stream
S. L. Wolf, Shannon K. Brewer
2021, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (41) 600-615
Stocking Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss to create additional angling opportunities is common; however, the spatial and temporal dynamics of such stocking practices are unclear in groundwater-influenced, warmwater streams. Our objectives were to determine Rainbow Trout dispersal from a stocking location on Spavinaw Creek, Oklahoma and to quantify apparent survival of two cohorts...
Exploring relationships among stream health, human well-being, and demographics in Virginia, USA
Paul L. Angermeier, Marc J. Stern, Leigh Anne Krometis, Tyler L. Hemby
2021, Ecological Indicators (121)
Quantification of empirical relationships between ecosystem health and human well-being is uncommon at broad spatial scales. We used public data for Virginia (USA) counties to examine pairwise correlations among two indicators of stream health, thirteen indicators of human well-being, and four demographic metrics. Our indicators of stream health included the...
