Myxosoma cerebralis: Detection of circulating antibodies in infected rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)
B.R. Griffin, E.M. Davis
1978, Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada (35) 1186-1190
Circulating antibody against spores of Myxosoma cerebralis has been detected for the first time in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) affected with whirling disease. An indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was employed for detection of trout immunoglobulin. Most sera of fish from an infected experimental group were found to give a positive reaction...
Net energy maintenance requirements of salmonids as measured by direct calorimetry: Effect of body size and environmental temperature
R. R. Smith, G. L. Rumsey, M. L. Scott
1978, Journal of Nutrition (108) 1017-1024
Most studies of metabolic rates and energy requirements in aquatic animals have been conducted using indirect methods wherein heat production estimates were based on O2 consumed and CO2 produced. The purpose of the present study was to determine the feasibility of direct calorimetry as a method for measuring heat production of fish...
Nifurpirinol (Furanace: P-7138) related lesions on channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque)
A.J. Mitchell, J.M. Grizzle, J.A. Plumb
1978, Journal of Fish Diseases (1) 115-121
Skin lesions developed on channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, exposed to 0-5 mg/1 Furanace for 4 or 14 days. Lesions developed 3 days after the 4-day exposure and on the eleventh day of the 14-day exposure. The lesions continued to develop after the fish were moved to untreated water. The lesions which...
Sea otter predation and community organization in the western Aleutian Island, Alaska
J. E. Estes, N. S. Smith, J. F. Palmisano
1978, Ecology (59) 822-833
Predation by the sea otter (Enhydra lutris) limits epibenthic invertebrates, especially sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus polyacanthus), in turn allowing a luxuriant development of the macroalgal canopy. Where sea otters are abundant, sea urchins are small and scarce in shallow water, and the association of fleshy macroalgae apparently is regulated by competition....
Malic acid accumulation in roots in response to flooding: Evidence contrary to its role as an alternative to ethanol
Jon E. Keeley
1978, Journal of Experimental Botany (29) 1345-1349
Across a time course of flooding the malic acid content in roots of the swamp tree Nyssa sylvatica var. biflora increased 5-fold from 1 week to 1 month of flooding and remained at that level through a full year of flooding. Alcoholic fermentation rates accelerated within the first month of flooding but dropped to...
Evaluation of an aerial survey of Pacific walruses
J. A. Estes, James R. Gilbert
1978, Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada (35) 1130-1140
An aerial survey of Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) was evaluated to determine the reliability of estimates of population abundance. The probability of detecting groups of walruses on the pack ice remained uniform to at least 0.93 km from the flight line, whereas the probability of detection decreased significantly beyond 0.23 km...
Biology of larval and metamorphosing sea lampreys, Petromyzon marinus, of the 1960 year class in the Big Garlic River, Michigan, Part II, 1966-72
Patrick J. Manion, Bernard R. Smith
1978, Technical Report 30
The 1960 year class of sea lampreys, Petromyzon marinus, isolated in a tributary of southern Lake Superior continued to yield information on the early life history of the sea lamprey. The larval population persisted and newly metamorphosed individuals were captured from 1966 until the study was terminated in 1972. The...
Studies of fault creep in central California
Robert O. Burford, R. D. Nason, Philip W. Harsh
1978, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (10) 174-181
Prediction without precursors; seismic slip along the Calaveras Fault, northern California
C. G. Bufe, Philip W. Harsh, Robert O. Burford
1978, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (10) 12-15
Distinctive sedimentary features of cold-climate eolian deposits, North Park, Colorado
Thomas S. Ahlbrandt, S. Andrews
1978, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (25) 327-351
Cold-climate eolianites contain diagnostic sedimentary features that contrast with the sedimentary features of warm-climate eolianites. Distinctive tensional, compressional, and dissipation sedimentary structures related to freezing, thawing and snow melting characterize eolian dune-sand deposits in North Park, Colorado. The North Park dunes have few of the characteristics considered to be diagnostic...
Gases and water isotopes in a geochemical section across the Larderello, Italy, geothermal field
A.H. Truesdell, N.L. Nehring
1978, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (117) 276-289
Steam samples from six wells (Colombaia, Pineta, Larderello 57, Larderello 155, Gabbro 6, and Gabbro 1) in a south to north section across the Larderello geothermal field have been analyzed for inorganic and hydrocarbon gases and for oxygen-18 and deuterium of steam. The wells generally decrease in depth and increase...
Heat flow in the Basin and Range province and thermal effects of tectonic extension
A.H. Lachenbruch
1978, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (117) 34-50
In regions of tectonic extension, vertical convective transport of heat in the lithosphere is inevitable. The resulting departure of lithosphere temperature and thickness from conduction-model estimates depends upon the mechanical mode of extension and upon how rapidly extension is (and has been) taking place. Present knowledge of these processes is...
Identification and significance of accessory minerals from a bituminous coal
R. B. Finkelman, R.W. Stanton
1978, Fuel (57) 763-768
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been used to study the in situ accessory minerals in polished blocks and pellets of petrographically analysed samples of the Waynesburg coal (hvb). Individual grains from the low-temperature ash (LTA) of the same coal were also studied. The visual resolution of the SEM permitted the detection...
Formation of lunar basin rings
C. A. Hodges, D.E. Wilhelms
1978, Icarus (34) 294-323
The origin of the multiple concentric rings that characterize lunar impact basins, and the probable depth and diameter of the transient crater have been widely debated. As an alternative to prevailing “megaterrace” hypotheses, we propose that the outer scarps or mountain rings that delineate the topographic rims of basins—the Cordilleran...
Applications of the VLF induction method for studying some volcanic processes of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
C.J. Zablocki
1978, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (3) 155-195
The very low-frequency (VLF) induction method has found exceptional utility in studying various volcanic processes of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii because: (1) significant anomalies result exclusively from ionically conductive magma or still-hot intrusions (> 800??C) and the attendant electrolytically conductive hot groundwater; (2) basalt flows forming the bulk of Kilauea have...
Geothermal resource assessment of the United States
L.J.P. Muffler, R.L. Christiansen
1978, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (117) 160-171
Geothermal resource assessment is the broadly based appraisal of the quantities of heat that might be extracted from the earth and used economically at some reasonable future time. In the United States, the Geological Survey is responsible for preparing geothermal assessments based on the best available data and interpretations. Updates...
Induction of auroral zone electric currents within the Alaska pipeline
W.H. Campbell
1978, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (116) 1143-1173
The Alaskar pipeline is a highly conducting anomaly extending 800 miles (1300 km) from about 62?? to 69?? geomagnetic latitude beneath the most active regions of the ionospheric electrojet current. The spectral behavior of the magnetic field from this current was analyzed using data from standard geomagnetic observatories to establish...
Cobalt and scandium partitioning versus iron content for crystalline phases in ultramafic nodules
W.E. Glassley, D.Z. Piper
1978, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (39) 173-178
Fractionation of Co and Sc between garnets, olivines, and clino- and orthopyroxenes, separated from a suite of Salt Lake Crater ultramafic nodules that equilibrated at the same T and P, is strongly dependent on Fe contents. This observation suggests that petrogenetic equilibrium models of...
Mass transfer and carbon isotope evolution in natural water systems
T.M.L. Wigley, Niel Plummer, F. J. Pearson Jr.
1978, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (42) 1117-1139
This paper presents a theoretical treatment of the evolution of the carbon isotopes C13 and C14 in natural waters and in precipitates which derive from such waters. The effects of an arbitrary number of sources (such as dissolution of carbonate minerals and oxidation of organic material) and sinks (such as...
Silicate liquid immiscibility in magmas and in the system K2O-FeO-AI2O3-SiO2: An example of serendipity
E. Roedder
1978, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (42) 1597-1617
The concept of silicate liquid immiscibility was invoked early in the history of petrology to explain certain pairs of compositionally divergent rocks, but. as a result of papers by Greig (Am. J. Sci.13, 1–44, 133–154) and Bowen (The Evolution of the Igneous Rocks), it fell into disfavor for many years....
Revised values for the Gibbs free energy of formation of [Al(OH)4 aq-], diaspore, boehmite and bayerite at 298.15 K and 1 bar, the thermodynamic properties of kaolinite to 800 K and 1 bar, and the heats of solution of several gibbsite samples
B. S. Hemingway, R. A. Robie, J.A. Kittrick
1978, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (42) 1533-1543
Solution calorimetric measurements compared with solubility determinations from the literature for the same samples of gibbsite have provided a direct thermochemical cycle through which the Gibbs free energy of formation of [Al(OH)4 aq−] can be determined. The Gibbs free energy of formation of [Al(OH)4 aq−] at 298.15 K is −1305...
An automated procedure for the simultaneous determination of specific conductance and pH in natural water samples
D. E. Eradmann, Howard E. Taylor
1978, Analytica Chimica Acta (99) 269-274
An automated, continuous-flow system is utilized to determine specific conductance and pH simultaneously in natural waters. A direct electrometric procedure is used to determine values in the range pH 4–9. The specific conductance measurements are made with an electronically modified, commercially available conductivity meter interfaced to a separate module containing...
Origin of major element chemical trends in DSDP Leg 37 basalts, Mid-Atlantic Ridge
G. R. Byerly, T. L. Wright
1978, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (3) 229-279
In this paper we summarize the major element chemical variation for basalts from the Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 37 and relate it to stratigraphic position in each of five drilling sites. Least-squares techniques are successfully used to quantify the nature and extent of alteration in these basalts, and to...
A pollution history of Chesapeake Bay
E.D. Goldberg, V. Hodge, M. Koide, J. Griffin, E. Gamble, O.P. Bricker, G. Matisoff, G.R. Holdren Jr., R. Braun
1978, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (42) 1413-1425
Present day anthropogenic fluxes of some heavy metals to central Chesapeake Bay appear to be intermediate to those of the southern California coastal region and those of Narragansett Bay. The natural fluxes, however, are in general higher. On the bases of Pb-210 and Pu-239 + 240 geochronologies and of the...
Uranium-lead isotope systematics and apparent ages of zircons and other minerals in precambrian granitic rocks, Granite Mountains, Wyoming
K.R. Ludwig, J. S. Stuckless
1978, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (65) 243-254
Zircon suites from the two main types of granite in the Granite Mountains, Wyoming, yielded concordia-intercept ages of 2,640??20 m.y. for a red, foliated granite (granite of Long Creek Mountain) and 2,595??40 m.y. for the much larger mass of the granite of Lankin Dome. These ages are statistically distinct (40??20...
