Progress in natural capital accounting for ecosystems
Lars Hein, Kenneth J. Bagstad, Carl Obst, Bram Edens, Sjoerd Schenau, Gem Castillo, Francois Soulard, Claire Brown, Amanda Driver, Michael Bordt, Anton Steurer, Rocky Harris, Alejandro Capparros
2020, Science (6477) 514-515
Reversing the ongoing degradation of the planet's ecosystems requires timely and detailed monitoring of ecosystem change and uses. Yet, the System of National Accounts (SNA), first developed in response to the economic crisis of the 1930s and used by statistical offices worldwide to record economic activity (for example, production, consumption,...
Expert bioblitzes facilitate non-native fish tracking and interagency partnerships
Pamela J. Schofield
2020, Management of Biological Invasions (11) 139-154
Documenting the distribution and composition of non-native species populations can be challenging, especially when species cross jurisdictional boundaries that require interagency coordination. Herein I report the development of three tools that have been used in Florida over the past seven years to assist with tracking of non-native fishes: 1) an...
Applications of correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) to organic matter in the North American shale petroleum systems
Brett J. Valentine, Paul C. Hackley
2020, Book chapter, Mudstone diagenesis: Research perspectives for shale hydrocarbon reservoirs, seals, and source rocks
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has revolutionized our understanding of shale petroleum systems through microstructural characterization of dispersed organic matter (OM). However, due to the low atomic weight of carbon, all OM appears black in SEM (BSE image) regardless of differences in thermal maturity or OM type (kerogen types or solid...
Ecosystem-specific growth responses to climate pattern by a temperate freshwater fish
Jonathan J. Spurgeon, Mark A. Pegg, Kevin L. Pope, Lin Xie
2020, Ecological Indicators (112)
Somatic growth patterns among animal populations are maintained through complex processes that vary among ecosystems. Changes in growth patterns may be concomitant with changes in climate; however, understanding how growth will manifest among ecosystems is limited. Information embedded within fish hard-parts...
Habitat affinities and at-sea ranging behaviors among main Hawaiian Island seabirds: Breeding seabird telemetry, 2013–2016
Josh Adams, Jonathan J. Felis, Max Czapanskiy
2020, Report
Recent Hawaiʻi state clean energy policy mandates and federal interest in developing offshore renewable energy resources have prompted unsolicited lease requests for offshore wind energy infrastructure (OWEI) to be located in ocean waters off Hawaiʻi. This study describing at-sea ranging behaviors for five seabirds was intended to provide new information...
Estimating late 19th century hydrology in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem: An integration of paleoecologic data and models
Frank E. Marshall, Christopher E. Bernhardt, G. Lynn Wingard
2020, Frontiers in Environmental Science (8)
Determining hydrologic conditions prior to instrumental records is a challenge for restoration of freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Paleoecologic data provide this information on past conditions and when these data are used to adjust hydrologic models, allow conditions to be hindcast that may not be directly estimated from the paleo-data alone....
Throughfall reduction x fertilization: Deep soil water usage in a clay rich ultisol under loblolly pine in the Southeast USA
Jiaguo Qi, Daniel M. Markewitz, Mary Ann McGuire, Lisa Samuelson, Eric Ward
2020, Frontiers in Forests and Global Change (2)
Forests in the Southeast USA are predicted to experience a moderate decrease in precipitation inputs over this century that may result in soil water deficiency during the growing season. The potential impact of a drier climate on the productivity of managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations in the Southeast...
SPEAR: The next generation GFDL modeling system for seasonal to multidecadal prediction and projection
Thomas L. Delworth, William F. Cooke, Alistair A. Adcroft, Mitchell Bushuk, Jan-Huey Chen, Krista A. Dunne, Paul Ginoux, Richard Gudgel, Lucas Harris, Matthew J. Harrison, Robert W. Hallberg, Nathaniel Johnson, Sarah B. Kapnick, Shian-Jian Lin, Feiyu Lu, Sergey Malyshev, Paul C. D. Milly, Hiroyuki Murakami, Vaishali Naik, Salvatore Pascale, David Paynter, Anthony Rosati, M. D. Schwarzkopf, Elena Shevliakova, Seth Underwood, Andrew T. Wittenberg, Baoqiang Xiang, Xiaosong Yang, Fanrong Zeng, Honghai Zhang, Liping Zhang, Ming Zhao
2020, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (12)
We document the development and simulation characteristics of the next generation modeling system for seasonal to decadal prediction and projection at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL). SPEAR (Seamless System for Prediction and EArth System Research) is built from component models recently developed at GFDL—the AM4 atmosphere model, MOM6 ocean...
Climate change vulnerability assessment for Pacific Lamprey in rivers of the Western United States
Christina J Wang, Howard A Shaller, Kelly C. Coates, Michael C. Hayes, Robert K Rose
2020, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (35) 29-55
Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) are a native anadromous species that, like salmon, historically returned to spawn in large numbers in watersheds along the west coast of the United States (U.S.). Lamprey play a vital role in river ecosystems and are one of the oldest vertebrates that have persisted over time...
A system design for implementing advanced feature descriptions for a map knowledge base
Matthew Wagner, Dalia E. Varanka, E. Lynn Usery
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5148
A prototype system to explore Linked Data that semantically integrates geospatial data in various formats from different publication sources with data from The National Map of the U.S. Geological Survey is presented. The focus is on accessing advanced feature descriptions for data from The National Map with data coreferenced from...
Evaluation of survey methods for colonial waterbirds at Chase Lake National Wildlife Refuge, North Dakota
Lawrence D. Igl, Alisa J. Bartos, Robert O. Woodward, Paulette Scherr, Marsha A. Sovada
2020, Open-File Report 2020-1008
Estimating the number of breeding pairs in a mixed-species waterbird colony is difficult because colonial waterbirds are vulnerable to human intrusion and their colonies are often in remote areas with limited access. We investigated methods to estimate the number of nests of waterbirds at a large, mixed-species colony at Chase...
A geospatially resolved wetland vulnerability index: Synthesis of physical drivers
Zafer Defne, Alfredo Aretxabaleta, Neil K. Ganju, Tarandeep S. Kalra, Daniel K. Jones, Kathryn Smith
2020, PLoS ONE (15)
Assessing wetland vulnerability to chronic and episodic physical drivers is fundamental for establishing restoration priorities. We synthesized multiple data sets from E.B Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey, to establish a wetland vulnerability metric that integrates a range of physical processes, regulatory information and physical/biophysical features. The geospatial data are based on aerial imagery,...
Multi-decadal patterns of vegetation succession after tundra fire on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Gerald Frost, Rachel A. Loehman, Lisa Saperstein, Matthew J. Macander, Peter Nelson, David Paradis, Sue M. Natali
2020, Environmental Research Letters
Alaska’s Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) is one of the warmest parts of the Arctic tundra biome and tundra fires are common in its upland areas. Here we combine field measurements, Landsat observations, and quantitative cover maps for tundra plant functional types (PFTs) to characterize multi-decadal succession and landscape change after fire in lichen-dominated upland tundra...
Numerical simulation of groundwater availability in central Moloka‘i, Hawai‘i
Delwyn S. Oki, John A. Engott, Kolja Rotzoll
2020, Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5150
Since the 1990s, increased chloride concentrations of water pumped from wells (much of which is used for drinking water) and the effects of withdrawals on groundwater-dependent ecosystems have led to concerns over groundwater availability on the island of Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi. An improved understanding of the hydrologic effects of proposed groundwater...
Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) acoustic monitoring at Hawaii Army National Guard (HIARNG) installations statewide
Kristina Montoya-Aiona, Corinna Pinzari, Robert W. Peck, Kevin W. Brinck, Frank J Bonaccorso
2020, Report
Acoustic sampling for occurrence of the endangered Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) was conducted at 18 “long-term” acoustic monitoring stations on 12 Hawai‘i Army National Guard (HIARNG) installations across the islands of Hawai‘i, Maui, Moloka‘i, O‘ahu, and Kaua‘i between 2012 and 2018. Bats were confirmed as present at 10...
Assessing the spawning movement and habitat needs of riverine Neosho Smallmouth Bass
Shannon K. Brewer, Andrew Miller
2020, Cooperator Science Series CSS-145-2020
Stream fishes are vulnerable to a variety of natural and anthropogenic stressors. Information on fish movements and habitat use is essential to conserve and manage populations, particularly at the edges of distributions and novel habitats. The Neosho Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu velox is endemic to the southwestern Ozark Highlands ecoregion,...
Targeting aggregations of telemetered Lake Trout to increase gillnetting suppression efficacy
Jacob R. Williams, Christopher S. Guy, Todd M. Koel, Patricia E. Bigelow
2020, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (40) 225-231
Conserving Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri by suppressing invasive Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush in Yellowstone Lake is a high priority for Yellowstone National Park resource managers. Here, we tested whether targeting telemetered Lake Trout could increase the efficacy of Lake Trout suppression by gill netting. Mobile acoustic tracking surveys were performed to identify...
Climate relationships with increasing wildfire in the southwestern US from 1984 to 2015
Stephanie Mueller, Andrea E. Thode, Ellis Q. Margolis, Larissa Yocom, Jesse M. Young, Jose M. Iniguez
2020, Forest Ecology and Management (460)
Over the last several decades in forest and woodland ecosystems of the southwestern United States, wildfire size and severity have increased, thereby increasing the vulnerability of these systems to type conversions, invasive species, and other disturbances. A combination of land use history and climate change is widely thought to be...
Multi-region assessment of pharmaceutical exposures and predicted effects in USA wadeable urban-gradient streams
Paul M. Bradley, Celeste A. Journey, Daniel T. Button, Daren M. Carlisle, B. J. Huffman, Sharon L. Qi, Kristin M. Romanok, Peter C. Van Metre
2020, PLoS (1) 1-25
Human-use pharmaceuticals in urban streams link aquatic-ecosystem health to human health. Pharmaceutical mixtures have been widely reported in larger streams due to historical emphasis on wastewater-treatment plant (WWTP) sources, with limited investigation of pharmaceutical exposures and potential effects in smaller headwater streams. In 2014–2017, the United States Geological Survey measured...
Lake Tahoe water monitoring and research activities
Ramon C. Naranjo
2020, Newsletter
Several decades ago, deteriorating water quality and clarity in Lake Tahoe prompted the initiation of environmental programs in the Lake Tahoe basin. Data on seasonal sediment loads from tributary streams, and nutrient loads from surrounding streams and groundwater aquifers, were needed to document the causes of this deterioration, the local...
Upper plate heterogeneity along the Southern Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand
Stuart Henrys, Donna Eberhart-Phillips, Dan Bassett, Rupert Sutherland, David Okaya, Martha Savage, Dominic Evanzia, Tim A. Stern, Hiroshi Sato, Kimihiro Mochizuki, Takaya Iwasaki, Eiji Kurashimo, Anya Seward, Aaron Wech
2020, Geophysical Research Letters (47)
Controlled and natural source seismic data are used to build a 3-D P wave model for southern North Island, New Zealand, where the Pacific Plate subducts beneath the Australian Plate at a rate of ~41 mm/year. Our analysis reveals an abrupt along-strike transition in overthrusting plate structure within Cook...
Passive seismic survey of sediment thickness, Dasht-e-Nawar basin, eastern Afghanistan
Thomas J. Mack
2020, Conference Paper, Military Geoscience
Exploration of water resources is needed for public supply, extraction of mineral resources, and economic development in Afghanistan. Remotely-sensed data are useful for identifying the general nature of surface sediments, however, “boots on the ground” geophysical surveys or drilling programs are needed to quantify the thickness of sediments or aquifers....
Cyanotoxin occurrence in large rivers of the United States
Jennifer L. Graham, Neil Dubrovsky, Guy M. Foster, Lindsey R. King, Keith Loftin, Barry Rosen, Erin Stelzer
2020, Inland Waters (10) 109-117
Cyanotoxins occur in rivers worldwide but are understudied in lotic ecosystems relative to lakes and reservoirs. Eleven large river sites located throughout the United States were sampled during June–September 2017 to determine the occurrence of cyanobacteria with known cyanotoxin-producing strains, cyanotoxin synthetase genes, and cyanotoxins. Chlorophyll-a concentrations spanned the range...
The community code verification exercise for simulating sequences of earthquakes and aseismic slip (SEAS)
Brittany Erickson, Junle Jiang, Michael Barall, Nadia Lapusta, Eric Dunham, Ruth A. Harris, Lauren Abrahams, Kali Allison, Jean-Paul Ampuero, Sylvain Barbot, Camilla Cattania, Ahmed Elbanna, Yuri Fialko, Benjamin Idini, Jeremy Kozdon, Valere Lambert, Yajing Liu, Yingdi Luo, Xiao Ma, Maricela Best McKay, Paul Segall, Pengsheng Shi, Martijn van den Ende, Mengjie Wei
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 874-890
Numerical simulations of sequences of earthquakes and aseismic slip (SEAS) have made great progress over past decades to address important questions in earthquake physics. However, significant challenges in SEAS modeling remain in resolving multiscale interactions between earthquake nucleation, dynamic rupture, and aseismic slip, and understanding physical factors controlling observables such as seismicity and ground deformation....
Identification of Acara (Cichlidae: Cichlasoma) established in Florida, USA
Robert H Robins, Mary E. Brown, Ryan A Crutchfield
2020, BioInvasions Records (9) 133-145
The Black Acara, Cichlasoma bimaculatum (Linnaeus, 1758), was first reported as introduced to Florida in 1965. Native to Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, western French Guiana, and northern Brazil, the species is now distributed throughout Florida’s southern peninsula. Examination of live and preserved acara from Central Florida, heretofore identified as Black Acara, reveal the...
