Toxicity reference values for chlorophacinone and their application for assessing anticoagulant rodenticide risk to raptors
Barnett A. Rattner, Katherine E. Horak, Rebecca S. Lazarus, Sandra L. Schultz, Susan Knowles, Benjamin G. Abbo, Steven F. Volker
2015, Ecotoxicology (24) 720-734
Despite widespread use and benefit, there are growing concerns regarding hazards of second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides to non-target wildlife which may result in expanded use of first-generation compounds, including chlorophacinone (CPN). The toxicity of CPN over a 7-day exposure period was investigated in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) fed...
Atypical pit craters on Mars: new insights from THEMIS, CTX and HiRISE observations
Glen Cushing, Chris H. Okubo, Timothy N. Titus
2015, Journal of Geophysical Research (120) 1023-1043
More than 100 pit craters in the Tharsis region of Mars exhibit morphologies, diameters and thermal behaviors that diverge from the much larger bowl-shaped pit craters that occur in most regions across Mars. These Atypical Pit Craters (APCs) generally have sharp and distinct rims, vertical or overhanging walls that extend...
Thiaminase activity in native freshwater mussels
Carrie J. Blakeslee, Stephanie Sweet, Heather S. Galbraith, Dale C. Honeyfield
2015, Journal of Great Lakes Research (41) 516-519
Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency in the Great Lakes has been attributed to elevated levels of thiaminase I enzyme activity in invasive prey species; however, few studies have investigated thiaminase activity in native prey species. Some of the highest levels of thiaminase activity have been measured in invasive dreissenid mussels with...
Temporal patterns in adult salmon migration timing across southeast Alaska
Ryan P. Kovach, Stephen Ellison, Sanjay Pyare, David Tallmon
2015, Global Change Biology (21) 1821-1833
Pacific salmon migration timing can drive population productivity, ecosystem dynamics, and human harvest. Nevertheless, little is known about long-term variation in salmon migration timing for multiple species across broad regions. We used long-term data for five Pacific salmon species throughout rapidly warming southeast Alaska to describe long-term changes in salmon...
AMDTreat 5.0+ with PHREEQC titration module to compute caustic chemical quantity, effluent quality, and sludge volume
Charles A. Cravotta III, Brent P Means, Willam Arthur, Robert M McKenzie, David L. Parkhurst
2015, Mine Water and the Environment (34) 136-152
Alkaline chemicals are commonly added to discharges from coal mines to increase pH and decrease concentrations of acidity and dissolved aluminum, iron, manganese, and associated metals. The annual cost of chemical treatment depends on the type and quantities of chemicals added and sludge produced. The AMDTreat computer program, initially developed...
The interaction of intraspecific competition and habitat on individual diet specialization: a near range-wide examination of sea otters
Seth D. Newsome, M. Tim Tinker, Verena A. Gill, Zachary N. Hoyt, Angela M. Doroff, Linda Nichol, James L. Bodkin
2015, Oecologia (178) 45-59
The quantification of individuality is a common research theme in the fields of population, community, and evolutionary ecology. The potential for individuality to arise is likely context-dependent, and the influence of habitat characteristics on its prevalence has received less attention than intraspecific competition. We examined individual diet specialization in 16...
Experimental dosing of wetlands with coagulants removes mercury from surface water and decreases mercury bioaccumulation in fish
Joshua T. Ackerman, Tamara E.C. Kraus, Jacob A. Fleck, David P. Krabbenhoft, William R. Horwarth, Sandra M. Bachand, Mark P. Herzog, C. Alex Hartman, Philip Bachand
2015, Environmental Science & Technology (49) 6304-6311
Mercury pollution is widespread globally, and strategies for managing mercury contamination in aquatic environments are necessary. We tested whether coagulation with metal-based salts could remove mercury from wetland surface waters and decrease mercury bioaccumulation in fish. In a complete randomized block design, we constructed nine experimental wetlands in California’s Sacramento–San...
Inter-laboratory variation in the chemical analysis of acidic forest soil reference samples from eastern North America
Donald S. Ross, Scott W Bailiey, Russell D Briggs, Johanna Curry, Ivan J. Fernandez, Guinevere Fredriksen, Christine L. Goodale, Paul W. Hazlett, Paul R Heine, Chris E. Johnson, John T Larson, Gregory B. Lawrence, Randy K Kolka, Ouimet, D Pare, Daniel D. Richter, Charles D Shirmer, Richard A.F. Warby
2015, Ecosphere (6) 1-22
Long-term forest soil monitoring and research often requires a comparison of laboratory data generated at different times and in different laboratories. Quantifying the uncertainty associated with these analyses is necessary to assess temporal changes in soil properties. Forest soil chemical properties, and methods to measure these properties, often differ from...
From patterns to causal understanding: Structural equation modeling (SEM) in soil ecology
Nico Eisenhauer, Jeff R Powell, James B. Grace, Matthew A. Bowker
2015, Pedobiologia (58) 65-72
In this perspectives paper we highlight a heretofore underused statistical method in soil ecological research, structural equation modeling (SEM). SEM is commonly used in the general ecological literature to develop causal understanding from observational data, but has been more slowly adopted by soil ecologists. We provide some basic information on...
Landscape characteristics influencing the genetic structure of greater sage-grouse within the stronghold of their range: a holistic modeling approach
Jeff R Row, Sara J. Oyler-McCance, Jennifer A. Fike, Michael S. O’Donnell, Kevin E. Doherty, Cameron L. Aldridge, Zachary H. Bowen, Brad C. Fedy
2015, Ecology and Evolution (5) 1955-1969
Given the significance of animal dispersal to population dynamics and geographic variability, understanding how dispersal is impacted by landscape patterns has major ecological and conservation importance. Speaking to the importance of dispersal, the use of linear mixed models to compare genetic differentiation with pairwise resistance derived from landscape resistance surfaces...
Dam-breach analysis and flood-inundation mapping for selected dams in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and near Atoka, Oklahoma
Molly J. Shivers, S. Jerrod Smith, Trevor S. Grout, Jason M. Lewis
2015, Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5052
Dams provide beneficial functions such as flood control, recreation, and storage of water supplies, but they also entail risk; dam breaches and resultant floods can cause substantial property damage and loss of life. The State of Oklahoma requires each owner of a high-hazard dam, which the Federal Emergency Management Agency...
Geologic and structural controls on rupture zone fabric: A field-based study of the 2010 Mw 7.2 El Mayor–Cucapah earthquake surface rupture
Orlando Teran, John L. Fletcher, Michael Oskin, Thomas Rockwell, Kenneth W. Hudnut, Ronald Spelz, Sinan Akciz, Ana Paula Hernandez-Flores, Alexander Morelan
2015, Geosphere (11) 899-920
We systematically mapped (scales >1:500) the surface rupture of the 4 April 2010 Mw (moment magnitude) 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake through the Sierra Cucapah (Baja California, northwestern Mexico) to understand how faults with similar structural and lithologic characteristics control rupture zone fabric, which is here defined by the thickness, distribution,...
Hydrogeologic framework of the Santa Clara Valley, California
Randall T. Hanson
2015, Geosphere (11) 606-637
The hydrologic framework of the Santa Clara Valley in northern California was redefined on the basis of new data and a new hydrologic model. The regional groundwater flow systems can be subdivided into upper-aquifer and lower-aquifer systems that form a convergent flow system within a basin bounded by mountains...
Population connectivity of endangered Ozark big-eared bats (Corynorhinus townsendii ingens)
Dana N. Lee, Richard C. Stark, William L. Puckette, Meredith J. Hamilton, David M. Leslie Jr., Ronald A. Van Den Bussche
2015, Journal of Mammalogy (96) 522-530
The endangered Ozark big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii ingens) is restricted to eastern Oklahoma and western and north-central Arkansas, where populations may be susceptible to losses of genetic variation due to patchy distribution of colonies and potentially small effective population sizes. We used mitochondrial D-loop DNA sequences and 15 nuclear microsatellite...
Introduction to special section: China shale gas and shale oil plays
Shu Jiang, Hongliu Zeng, Jinchuan Zhang, Neil Fishman, Baojun Bai, Xianming Xiao, Tongwei Zhang, Geoffrey S. Ellis, Xinjing Li, Bryony Richards-McClung, Dongsheng Cai, Yongsheng Ma
2015, Interpretation (3) SJi-SJii
In the last 10 years, the success of shale gas and shale oil productions as a result of technological advances in horizontal drilling, hydraulic fracturing and nanoscale reservoir characterization have revolutionized the energy landscape in the United States. Resource assessment by the China Ministry of Land and Resources in...
First record of a banded Sandwich Tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis) moving from England to the United States
Jeffrey A. Spendelow
2015, Waterbirds (38) 425-426
A Sandwich Tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis sandvicensis) banded as a chick in 2002 at Coquet Island off the northeast coast of Great Britain was observed at two locations on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA, in August and September 2013. This is the first record of a banded Sandwich Tern from the United...
Structure, diversity, and biophysical properties of old-growth forestsin the Klamath region, USA
Phillip J. van Mantgem, Daniel A Starr
2015, Northwest Science (89) 170-181
The diverse old-growth forests in Klamath region of northern California and southern Oregon provide valuable ecosystem services (e.g., maintaining watersheds, wildlife habitat, recreation), but may be vulnerable to a wide range of stressors, including invasive species, disrupted disturbance regimes, and climatic change. Yet our understanding of how forest structure in...
Groundwater movement, recharge, and perchlorate occurrence in a faulted alluvial aquifer in California (USA)
John A. Izbicki, Nicholas F. Teague, Paul B. Hatzinger, John Karl Bohlke, Neil C. Sturchio
2015, Hydrogeology Journal (23) 467-491
Perchlorate from military, industrial, and legacy agricultural sources is present within an alluvial aquifer in the Rialto-Colton groundwater subbasin, 80 km east of Los Angeles, California (USA). The area is extensively faulted, with water-level differences exceeding 60 m across parts of the Rialto-Colton Fault separating the Rialto-Colton and Chino groundwater...
Comparison of three preservation techniques for slowing dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic rich sediments
Ellen Seefelt, Jean Self-Trail, Arthur P. Schultz
2015, Micropaleontology (61) 149-164
In an attempt to halt or reduce dissolution of calcareous nannofossils in organic and/or pyrite-rich sediments, three different methods of short-term storage preservation were tested for efficacy: vacuum packing, argon gas replacement, and buffered water. Abundance counts of calcareous nannofossil assemblages over a six month period showed that none of...
Modelling the enigmatic Late Pliocene Glacial Event - Marine Isotope Stage M2
Aisling M. Dolan, Alan M. Haywood, Stephen J. Hunter, Julia C. Tindall, Harry J. Dowsett, Daniel J. Hill, Steven J. Pickering
2015, Global and Planetary Change (128) 47-60
The Pliocene Epoch (5.2 to 2.58 Ma) has often been targeted to investigate the nature of warm climates. However, climate records for the Pliocene exhibit significant variability and show intervals that apparently experienced a cooler than modern climate. Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) M2 (~ 3.3 Ma) is a globally recognisable cooling event that...
Strontium isotopes delineate fine-scale natal origins and migration histories of Pacific salmon
Sean R. Brennan, Christian E. Zimmerman, Diego P. Fernandez, Thure E. Cerling, Megan V. McPhee, Matthew J. Wooller
2015, Science Advances (1)
Highly migratory organisms present major challenges to conservation efforts. This is especially true for exploited anadromous fish species, which exhibit long-range dispersals from natal sites, complex population structures, and extensive mixing of distinct populations during exploitation. By tracing the migratory histories of individual Chinook salmon caught in fisheries using strontium...
Vegetation community response to tidal marsh restoration of a large river estuary
Lisa J. Belleveau, John Y. Takekawa, Isa Woo, Kelley L. Turner, Jesse B. Barham, Jean E. Takekawa, Christopher S. Ellings, Gerardo Chin-Leo
2015, Northwest Science (89) 136-147
Estuaries are biologically productive and diverse ecosystems that provide ecosystem services including protection of inland areas from flooding, filtering freshwater outflows, and providing habitats for fish and wildlife. Alteration of historic habitats, including diking for agriculture, has decreased the function of many estuarine systems, and recent conservation efforts have been...
Ordovician of Germany Valley, West Virginia: 12th International Symposium on the Ordovician System mid-conference field trip
John T. Haynes, Keith E. Goggin, Randall C. Orndorff
2015, Stratigraphy (12) 252-288
No abstract available....
Towards a global terrestrial species monitoring program
Dirk S. Schmeller, Romain Julliard, Peter J. Bellingham, Monika Böhm, Neil Brummitt, Alessandro Chiarucci, Denis Couvet, Sarah Elmendorf, David M. Forsyth, Jaime Garcia Moreno, Richard D. Gregory, William E. Magnusson, Laura J. Martin, Melodie A. McGeoch, Jean-Baptiste Mihoub, Henrique M. Pereira, Vânia Proença, Chris van Swaay, Tetsukazu Yahara, Jayne Belnap
2015, Journal for Nature Conservation (25) 51-57
Introduction: The Convention for Biological Diversity’s (CBD) Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 envisions that “By 2050, biodiversity is valued, conserved, restored and wisely used, maintaining ecosystem services, sustaining a healthy planet and delivering benefits essential for all people.” Although 193 parties have adopted these goals, there is little infrastructure in...
What lies beneath: geophysical mapping of a concealed Precambrian intrusive complex along the Iowa–Minnesota border
Benjamin J. Drenth, Raymond R. Anderson, Klaus J. Schulz, Joshua M. Feinberg, Val W. Chandler, William F. Cannon
2015, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (52) 279-293
Large-amplitude gravity and magnetic highs over northeast Iowa are interpreted to reflect a buried intrusive complex composed of mafic–ultramafic rocks, the northeast Iowa intrusive complex (NEIIC), intruding Yavapai province (1.8–1.72 Ga) rocks. The age of the complex is unproven, although it has been considered to be Keweenawan (∼1.1 Ga). Because...
