Quantifying suspended sediment loads delivered to Cheney Reservoir, Kansas: Temporal patterns and management implications
Mandy L. Stone, Kyle E. Juracek, Jennifer L. Graham, Guy M. Foster
2015, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (70) 91-100
Cheney Reservoir, constructed during 1962 to 1965, is the primary water supply for the city of Wichita, the largest city in Kansas. Sediment is an important concern for the reservoir as it degrades water quality and progressively decreases water storage capacity. Long-term data collection provided a unique opportunity to estimate...
Modeling risk of pneumonia epizootics in bighorn sheep
Sarah N. Sells, Michael S. Mitchell, J. Joshua Nowak, Paul M. Lukacs, Neil J. Anderson, Jennifer M. Ramsey, Justin A. Gude, Paul R. Krausman
2015, Journal of Wildlife Management (79) 195-210
Pneumonia epizootics are a major challenge for management of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) affecting persistence of herds, satisfaction of stakeholders, and allocations of resources by management agencies. Risk factors associated with the disease are poorly understood, making pneumonia epizootics hard to predict; such epizootics are thus managed reactively rather than...
Uranium isotopes and dissolved organic carbon in loess permafrost: Modeling the age of ancient ice
Stephanie A. Ewing, James B. Paces, J.A. O'Donnell, M.T. Jorgenson, M.Z. Kanevskiy, George R. Aiken, Y. Shur, Jennifer W. Harden, Robert G. Striegl
2015, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (152) 143-165
The residence time of ice in permafrost is an indicator of past climate history, and of the resilience and vulnerability of high-latitude ecosystems to global change. Development of geochemical indicators of ground-ice residence times in permafrost will advance understanding of the circumstances and evidence of permafrost formation, preservation, and thaw...
Large fractions of CO2-fixing microorganisms in pristine limestone aquifers appear to be involved in the oxidation of reduced sulfur and nitrogen compounds
Martina Herrmann, Anna Rusznyak, Denise M. Akob, Isabel Schulze, Sebastian Opitz, Kai Uwe Totsche, Kirsten Küsel
2015, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (81) 2384-2394
The traditional view of the dependency of subsurface environments on surface-derived allochthonous carbon inputs is challenged by increasing evidence for the role of lithoautotrophy in aquifer carbon flow. We linked information on autotrophy (Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle) with that from total microbial community analysis in groundwater at two superimposed—upper and lower—limestone groundwater...
Turbidity, light, temperature, and hydropeaking control primary productivity in the Colorado River, Grand Canyon
Robert O. Hall Jr., Charles B. Yackulic, Theodore A. Kennedy, Michael D. Yard, Emma J. Rosi-Marshall, Nicholas Voichick, Kathrine E. Behn
2015, Limnology and Oceanography (60) 512-516
Dams and river regulation greatly alter the downstream environment for gross primary production (GPP) because of changes in water clarity, flow, and temperature regimes. We estimated reach-scale GPP in five locations of the regulated Colorado River in Grand Canyon using an open channel model of dissolved oxygen. Benthic GPP dominates...
Carbon flow from volcanic CO2 into soil microbial communities of a wetland mofette
Felix Beulig, Verena B. Heuer, Denise M. Akob, Bernhard Viehweger, Marcus Elvert, Martina Herrmann, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs, Kirsten Küsel
2015, The ISME Journal (9) 746-759
Effects of extremely high carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations on soil microbial communities and associated processes are largely unknown. We studied a wetland area affected by spots of subcrustal CO2 degassing (mofettes) with focus on anaerobic autotrophic methanogenesis and acetogenesis because the pore gas phase was largely hypoxic. Compared with a reference...
Flow management and fish density regulate salmonid recruitment and adult size in tailwaters across western North America
Kimberly L. Dibble, Charles B. Yackulic, Theodore A. Kennedy, Phaedra E. Budy
2015, Ecological Applications (25) 2168-2179
Rainbow and brown trout have been intentionally introduced into tailwaters downriver of dams globally and provide billions of dollars in economic benefits. At the same time, recruitment and maximum length of trout populations in tailwaters often fluctuate erratically, which negatively affects the value of fisheries. Large recruitment events may...
Identifying the location and population served by domestic wells in California
Tyler D. Johnson, Kenneth Belitz
2015, Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies (3) 31-86
Study region California, USA. Study focus Identification of groundwater use is an important step in the regional-scale assessment of groundwater quality. In California, 1990 US Census data indicate that domestic wells provide drinking-water to about 1.2 million people. However, the location of these domestic well users of groundwater is...
Monitoring and modeling wetland chloride concentrations in relationship to oil and gas development
Max Post van der Burg, Brian A. Tangen
2015, Journal of Environmental Management (150) 120-127
Extraction of oil and gas via unconventional methods is becoming an important aspect of energy production worldwide. Studying the effects of this development in countries where these technologies are being widely used may provide other countries, where development may be proposed, with some insight in terms of concerns associated with...
Using an experimental manipulation to determine the effectiveness of a stock enhancement program
David R. Stewart, James M. Long
2015, Freshwater Ecology
We used an experimental manipulation to determine the impact of stocking 178 mm channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in six impoundments. The study design consisted of equal numbers (two) of control, ceased-stock, and stocked treatments that were sampled one year before and two years after stocking. Relative abundance, growth, size structure, and average...
Equation-free modeling unravels the behavior of complex ecological systems
Donald L. DeAngelis, Simeon Yurek
2015, PNAS (112) 3856-3857
Ye et al. (1) address a critical problem confronting the management of natural ecosystems: How can we make forecasts of possible future changes in populations to help guide management actions? This problem is especially acute for marine and anadromous fisheries, where the large interannual fluctuations of populations, arising from complex...
Response of crayfish to hyporheic water availability and excess sedimentation
Joseph J. Dyer, Thomas A. Worthington, Shannon K. Brewer
2015, Hydrobiologia (747) 147-157
Crayfish in many headwater streams regularly cope with seasonal drought. However, it is unclear how landscape changes affect the long-term persistence of crayfish populations. We designed two laboratory experiments to investigate the acute effects of common landscape stressors on crayfish: water withdrawal and sedimentation. The first experiment tested the interaction...
EverVIEW: a visualization platform for hydrologic and Earth science gridded data
Stephanie S. Romañach, Mark McKelvy, Kevin J. Suir, Craig Conzelmann
2015, Computers & Geosciences (76) 88-95
The EverVIEW Data Viewer is a cross-platform desktop application that combines and builds upon multiple open source libraries to help users to explore spatially-explicit gridded data stored in Network Common Data Form (NetCDF). Datasets are displayed across multiple side-by-side geographic or tabular displays, showing colorized overlays on an Earth globe...
In situ effects of pesticides on amphibians in the Sierra Nevada
Donald W. Sparling, John W. Bickham, Deborah Cowman, Gary M. Fellers, Thomas E. Lacher Jr., Cole W. Matson, Laura McConnell
2015, Ecotoxicology (24) 262-278
For more than 20 years, conservationists have agreed that amphibian populations around the world are declining. Results obtained through laboratory or mesocosm studies and measurement of contaminant concentrations in areas experiencing declines have supported a role of contaminants in these declines. The current study examines the effects of contaminant exposure to...
The Red Atrapa Sismos (Quake Catcher Network in Mexico): assessing performance during large and damaging earthquakes.
Luis A. Dominguez, Battalgazi Yildirim, Allen L. Husker, Elizabeth S. Cochran, Carl Christensen, Victor M. Cruz-Atienza
2015, Seismological Research Letters (86) 848-855
The Quake‐Catcher Network (QCN) is an expanding seismic array made possible by thousands of participants who volunteered time and resources from their computers to record seismic data using low‐cost accelerometers (http://qcn.stanford.edu/; last accessed December 2014). Sensors based on Micro‐Electromechanical Systems (MEMS) technology have rapidly improved over the last few...
Catalog of type specimens of recent mammals: orders Didelphimorpha through Chiroptera (Excluding Rodentia) in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution
Robert D. Fisher, Craig A. Ludwig
2015, Book
The type collection of Recent Mammals in the Division of Mammals, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, contains 820 specimens bearing names of 809 species-group taxa of Didelphimorphia through Chiroptera, excluding Rodentia, as of June 2014. This catalog presents an annotated list of these holdings comprised of 788 holotypes,...
Revisions to some parameters used in stochastic-method simulations of ground motion
David Boore, Eric M. Thompson
2015, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (105) 1029-1041
The stochastic method of ground‐motion simulation specifies the amplitude spectrum as a function of magnitude (M) and distance (R). The manner in which the amplitude spectrum varies with M and R depends on physical‐based parameters that are often constrained by recorded motions for a particular region (e.g., stress parameter, geometrical spreading, quality factor, and...
Revision of Tympanopleura Eigenmann (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) with description of two new species
Stephen J. Walsh, Frank Ribeiro, Lucia H. Rapp Py-Daniel
2015, Neotropical Ichthyology (13) 1-46
The Neotropical catfish genus Tympanopleura, previously synonymized within Ageneiosus, is revalidated and included species are reviewed. Six species are recognized, two of which are described as new. Tympanopleura is distinguished from Ageneiosus by having an enlarged gas bladder not strongly encapsulated in bone; a prominent pseudotympanum consisting of an area on the side of the body...
Pharmaceuticals and other contaminants of emerging concern in landfill leachate of the United States
Dana W. Kolpin, Jason R. Masoner, Edward T. Furlong, Isabelle M. Cozzarelli, James L. Gray, Eric A. Schwab
2015, Norman Network Bulletin 10-11
Landfills are commonly the final respository for a heterogeneous mixture of waste from residential, commercial, and industrial sources. The use of landfills as a means of waste disposal will likely increase as the global population increases and nations develop. Thus, landfills receiving such waste have the potential to produce leachate...
Hydroclimatic conditions preceding the March 2014 Oso landslide
Brian Henn, Qian Cao, Dennis P. Lettenmaier, Christopher S. Magirl, Clifford Mass, J. Brent Bower, Michael St. Laurent, Yixin Mao, Sanja Perica
2015, Journal of Hydrometeorology (16) 1243-1249
The 22 March 2014 Oso landslide was one of the deadliest in U.S. history, resulting in 43 fatalities and the destruction of more than 40 structures. We examine synoptic conditions, precipitation records and soil moisture reconstructions in the days, months, and years preceding the landslide. Atmospheric reanalysis shows a period...
The importance of scaling for detecting community patterns: success and failure in assemblages of introduced species
Craig R. Allen, David G. Angeler, Michael P. Moulton, Crawford S. Holling
2015, Diversity (7) 229-241
Community saturation can help to explain why biological invasions fail. However, previous research has documented inconsistent relationships between failed invasions (i.e., an invasive species colonizes but goes extinct) and the number of species present in the invaded community. We use data from bird communities of the Hawaiian island of Oahu,...
Distribution and floral hosts of Anthophorula micheneri ( Timberlake, 1947) and Hylaeus sparsus (Cresson, 1869), (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with new staterecords in Giles and Loudoun counties, Virginia, eastern USA
Elizabeth A. Sellers, David McCarthy
2015, Check List (11)
New collection records for Anthophorula micheneri (Timberlake, 1947) from Loudoun County and other locations in Virginia, USA document an approximately 1,350 km extension of its previously recorded geographic range. New state records for the rarely seen Hylaeus sparsus (Cresson, 1869) collected in Giles County and from a blue vane trap in Loudoun County, Virginia...
Environmental effects on the aquatic system and metal discharge to the Mediterranean Sea from a near-neutral zinc-ferrous sulfate mine drainage
Franco Frau, Daniela Medas, Stefania Da Pelo, Richard B. Wanty, Rosa Cidu
2015, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (226) 1-17
After mine closure in the 1980s and subsequent shutdown of the dewatering system, groundwater rebound led to drainage outflow from the Casargiu gallery (Montevecchio mine, SW Sardinia, Italy) beginning in 1997. Mine drainage had pH 6.0 and dissolved concentrations of sulfate (5000 mg/L) and metals (e.g., 1000 mg/L Zn, 230 mg/L Fe, 150 mg/L...
Multiscale geophysical imaging of the critical zone
Andy Parsekian, Kamini Singha, Burke J. Minsley, W. Steven Holbrook, Lee Slater
2015, Reviews of Geophysics (53) 1-26
Details of Earth's shallow subsurface—a key component of the critical zone (CZ)—are largely obscured because making direct observations with sufficient density to capture natural characteristic spatial variability in physical properties is difficult. Yet this inaccessible region of the CZ is fundamental to processes that support ecosystems, society, and the environment....
Robust estimates of environmental effects on population vital rates: an integrated capture–recapture model of seasonal brook trout growth, survival and movement in a stream network
Benjamin H. Letcher, Paul Schueller, Ronald D. Bassar, Keith H. Nislow, Jason A. Coombs, Krzysztof Sakrejda, Michael Morrissey, Douglas B. Sigourney, Andrew R. Whiteley, Matthew J. O'Donnell, Todd L. Dubreuil
2015, Journal of Animal Ecology (84) 337-352
Modelling the effects of environmental change on populations is a key challenge for ecologists, particularly as the pace of change increases. Currently, modelling efforts are limited by difficulties in establishing robust relationships between environmental drivers and population responses.We developed an integrated capture–recapture state-space model to estimate the...
