Shrinkage and growth compensation in common sunflowers: refining estimates of damage
James A. Sedgwick, John L. Oldemeye, Elizabeth L. Swenson
1986, Journal of Wildlife Management (50) 513-520
Shrinkage and growth compensation of artificially damaged common sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) were studied in central North Dakota during 1981-1982 in an effort to increase accuracy of estimates of blackbird damage to sunflowers. In both years, as plants matured damaged areas on seedheads shrank at a greater rate than the...
Implications of recent advances in instrumentation for strong-motion studies
Roger D. Borcherdt
1986, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 17th joint panel meeting of the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Program in Wind and seismic effects
No abstract available....
Transient electromagnetic soundings in the Michigan Basin for ground water evaluation
D.V. Fitterman
1986, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Surface and Borehole Geophysical Methods and Ground Water Instrumentation Conference and Exposition
No abstract available....
An inverse method using toroidal mode data
C. Willis
1986, Inverse Problems (2) 111-130
The author presents a numerical method for calculating the density and S-wave velocity in the upper mantle of a spherically symmetric, non-rotating Earth which consists of a perfect elastic, isotropic material. The data comes from the periods of the toroidal oscillations. She tests the method...
Marine cobalt resources
F.T. Manheim
1986, Science (232) 600-608
Ferromanganese oxides in the open oceans are more enriched in cobalt than any other widely distributed sediments or rocks. Concentrations of cobalt exceed 1 percent in ferromanganese crusts on seamounts, ocean ridges, and other raised areas of the ocean. The cobalt-rich crusts may be the slowest growing of any earth...
Unsteady, nonuniform landslide motion: 2. Linearized theory and the kinematics of transient response
Richard M. Iverson
1986, Journal of Geology (94) 349-364
Unsteady, nonuniform landslide motion is caused by temporal and spatial variations in driving and resisting forces. Common sources of these variations include stream undercutting of landslide toes, episodic headscarp slumping, and ground-water potentiometric fluctuations. A linear theory for the kinematics of unsteady,...
Habitat use and terrestrial activity by red tree voles (Arborimus longicaudus) in Oregon
Paul Stephen Corn, R. Bruce Bury
1986, Journal of Mammalogy (67) 404-406
Several species of vertebrates may find optimal habitat for breeding, nesting, or foraging in old-growth (>200 years old) confierous forests in the Pacific Northwest. Old-growth forests are economically valuable, however, and most unprotected stands will be cut within 40 years (Franklin et al., 1981). Meslow et al. (1981)...
Remote sensing and mapping of the vegetation and land use of Senegal
G. Gray Tappan
1986, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment
No abstract available....
Biomonitors of stream quality on agricultural areas: fish versus invertebrates
Hilary E. Berkman, Charles F. Rabeni, Terence P. Boyle
1986, Environmental Management (10) 413-419
Although the utility of using either fish or benthic invertebrates as biomonitors of stream quality has been clearly shown, there is little comparative information on the usefulness of the groups in any particular situation. We compared fish to invertebrate assemblages in their ability to reflect habitat quality of sediment-impacted streams...
An instrument system for monitoring and sampling suspended sediment in the benthic boundary layer
R.W. Sternberg, R.V. Johnson II, D.A. Cacchione, D.E. Drake
1986, Marine Geology (71) 187-199
An instrument system has been constructed that can monitor and sample suspended sediment distributions in the benthic boundary layer. It consists of miniature nephelometers and suspended sediment samplers placed within one meter of the seabed. The system is capable of continuously monitoring suspended sediment profiles at eight levels between 14...
Does pH affect fish species richness when lake area is considered?
P.J. Rago, J.G. Wiener
1986, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (115) 438-447
Numerous surveys have shown that fish species richness (number of species) is positively correlated with lake pH. However, species richness of fish communities is also correlated with lake size, and low‐pH lakes are often small. Thus, conclusions drawn from examination of fish community structure relative to spatial...
Plasma corticosteroid stress response of fourteen species of warmwater fish to transportation
K. B. Davis, N. C. Parker
1986, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (115) 495-499
Plasma corticosteroid concentrations were measured in 14 species of fish immediately after they were electrofished from reservoirs on the Alabama River and after they had been transported for 2 h. There was no corticosteroid response in spotted gars Lepisosteus oculatus. Bowfins Amia calva, longnose gars Lepisosteus osseus, and freshwater drums...
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus: Protocol for a standard challenge to brook trout
P. E. McAllister, W. J. Owens
1986, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (115) 466-470
A protocol for experimental challenge with infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) virus was defined with brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis as the model species. Fish were exposed by immersion for 5 h in water containing IPN virus at a concentration of 105 plaque‐forming units per milliliter. We propose the protocol as a standard...
Determination of the components of stormflow using water chemistry and environmental isotopes, Mattole River basin, California
V. C. Kennedy, Cynthia R. Adams, Gary W. Zellweger, Theodore A. Wyerman, R.J. Avanzino
1986, Journal of Hydrology (84) 107-140
The chemical and isotopic composition of rainfall and stream water was monitored during a storm in the Mattole River basin of northwestern California. About 250 mm of rain fell during 6 days (∼80% within a 42 h period) in late January, 1972, following 24 days of little or no precipitation....
Evaluation of coded wire tags for marking lake trout
Joseph H. Elrod, Clifford P. Schneider
1986, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (6) 264-271
Among hatchery-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) of the 1979-1982 year classes stocked in New York waters of Lake Ontario, more than 3 million fish were marked with a coded wire tag (CWT) plus an adipose fin clip, and 1.5 million with only conventional fin clips. Altogether, 7,640 tags were recovered...
Vigilance patterns of Bald Eagles feeding in groups
Susan K. Knight, Richard L. Knight
1986, The Auk (103) 263-272
Patterns of vigilant behavior of wintering Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) feeding on spawned salmon were examined in 1983-1984 on the Nooksack River in north-western Washington. Vigilance in feeding birds has, in general, been attributed to predator detection; however, we proposed an additional function of vigilance in socially feeding birds that...
Cavity-nesting birds and the cavity-tree resource in plains cottonwood bottomlands
James A. Sedgwick, Fritz L. Knopf
1986, Journal of Wildlife Management (50) 247-252
Densities of, and potential nesting substrates for, cavity-nesting birds were examined in a mature plains cottonwood (Populus sargentii) community in northeastern Colorado. Although snag (dead tree) densities were low (0.66/ha), the cavity-nesting guild included 7 species with densities ≤ 463 birds/100 ha. This finding suggests that cavity nesters...
Comparison of four artificial substrates and the Ponar grab for benthic invertebrate collection
Keith V. Slack, Rodger F. Ferreira, Robert C. Averett
1986, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (22) 237-248
Four different bottom‐placed artificial substrates were compared with the Ponar grab for collecting benthic invertebrates. Artificial substrate samples of organisms were larger and more diverse than those of the grab. Barbeque Basket samplers caught the most taxa and individuals and Beak Trays caught the least. Chironomids and crustaceans were dominant...
Comparison of four artificial substrates and the ponar grab for benthic invertebrate collection
Keith V. Slack, Rodger F. Ferreira, Robert C. Averett
1986, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (22) 237-248
Four different bottom-placed artificial substrates were compared with the Ponar grab for collecting benthic invertebrates. Artificial substrate samples of organisms were larger and more diverse than those of the grab. Barbeque Basket samplers caught the most taxa and individuals and Beak Trays caught the least. Chironomids and crustaceans were dominant...
Stratigraphic potential of Bolboforma significantly increased by new finds in the North Atlantic and South Pacific
C. Wylie Poag, A. L. Karowe
1986, Palaios (1) 162-171
Until now, the genus Bolboforma, a problematic group of calcareous microfossils, has been recorded only in Oligocene to Pliocene marine sedimentary rocks, chiefly in the eastern North Atlantic region. We add to this eastern North Atlantic record six new sites and eleven undescribed species from the continental slopes of Ireland...
Northern pintail body condition during wet and dry winters in the Sacramento Valley, California
Michael R. Miller
1986, Journal of Wildlife Management (50) 189-198
Body weights and carcass composition of male and female adult northern pintails (Anas acuta) were investigated in the Sacramento Valley, California, from August to March 1979-82. Pintails were lightweight, lean, and had reduced breast, leg, and heart muscles during August-September. Ducks steadily gained weight after arrival; and body, carcass (body...
Physiological condition of autumn-banded mallards and its relationship to hunting vulnerability
Gary R. Hepp, Robert J. Blohm, Robert E. Reynolds, James E. Hines, James D. Nichols
1986, Journal of Wildlife Management (50) 177-183
An important topic of waterfowl ecology concerns the relationship between the physiological condition of ducks during the nonbreeding season and fitness, i.e., survival and future reproductive success. We investigated this subject using direct band recovery records of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) banded in autumn (1 Oct-15 Dec) 1981-83 in the Mississippi...
Groundwater transport of strontium 90 in a glacial outwash environment
Kenneth L. Kipp Jr., Kenneth G. Stollenwerk, David B. Grove
1986, Water Resources Research (22) 519-530
As part of the investigation of groundwater contamination at a uranium-scrap recovery plant at Wood River Junction, Rhode Island, laboratory experiments led to the development of a model for predicting the transport of strontium 90 in glacial outwash sediments based on an approximate mechanism for ion exchange. The multicomponent system...
Internal-wave currents as a mechanism to account for large sand waves in Navarinsky Canyon head, Bering Sea
H. A. Karl, D.A. Cacchione, P.R. Carlson
1986, Journal of Sedimentary Research (56) 706-714
Sand waves are found in the heads of four of five large submarine canyons that incise the northern continental margin of the Bering Sea. The sand waves occur in a restricted depth zone of about 175-490 m. Those in Navarinsky Canyon, the area surveyed in most detail, are best developed...
Sediment transport simulation in an armoured stream
Robert T. Milhous, Jeffrey B. Bradley, Cindy L. Loeffler
1986, Book, Proceedings of the Fourth Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference
Improved methods of calculating bed material stability and transport must be developed for a gravel bed stream having an armoured surface in order to use the HEC-6 model to examine channel change. Good possibilities exist for use of a two layer model based on the Schoklitsch and the Einstein-Brown...
