Chemical composition of Mars
J. W. Morgan, E. Anders
1979, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (43) 1601-1610
The composition of Mars has been calculated from the cosmochemical model of Ganapathy and Anders (1974) which assumes that planets and chondrites underwent the same 4 fractionation processes in the solar nebula. Because elements of similar volatility stay together in these processes, only 4 index elements (U, Fe, K and Tl or...
Removal of contaminants from landfill leachates by filtration through glauconitic greensands
N. Spoljaric, W.A. Crawford
1979, Environmental Geology (2) 359-363
Passing landfill leachate through glauconitic greensand filters reduces the heavy metal cation content, lessens the unpleasant odor, and diminishes the murkiness of the leachate. The capability of the greensand to trap metal cations is increased by prolonging the contact time between the leachate and the greensand. Flushing the charged greensand...
Atomic-absorption spectrometric determination of cobalt, nickel, and copper in geological materials with matrix masking and chelation-extraction
R. F. Sanzolone, T. T. Chao, G. L. Crenshaw
1979, Analytica Chimica Acta (105) 247-253
An atomic-absorption spectrometric method is reported for the determination of cobalt, nickel, and copper in a variety of geological materials including iron- and manganese-rich, and calcareous samples. The sample is decomposed with HP-HNO3 and the residue is dissolved in hydrochloric acid. Ammonium fluoride is added to mask iron and 'aluminum. After...
On Chinese earthquake history - An attempt to model an incomplete data set by point process analysis
W.H.K. Lee, D.R. Brillinger
1979, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (117) 1229-1257
Since the 1950s, the Academia Sinica in Peking, People's Republic of China, has carried out extensive research on the Chinese earthquake history. With a historical record dating back some 3000 years, a wealth of information on Chinese earthquakes exists. Despite this monumental undertaking by the Academia Sinica, much work is...
Diagenetic changes in the elemental composition of unrecrystallized mollusk shells
P.C. Ragland, O. H. Pilkey, B. W. Blackwelder
1979, Chemical Geology (25) 123-134
The Mg, Sr, Mn, Fe, Na and K contents were determined for 230 apparently unrecrystallized mollusk shells (gastropods and bivalves) ranging in age from late Cretaceous to Holocene. Consistent differences between the Holocene and fossil shells with respect to concentrations of all these elements are attributed to postburial diagenetic changes....
Origin of reverse-graded bedding in air-fall pumice, Coso Range, California
W. A. Duffield, C. R. Bacon, G.R. Roquemore
1979, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (5) 35-48
The origin of reverse grading in air-fall pyroclastic deposits has been ascribed to: (1) changing conditions at an erupting vent; (2) deposition in water; or (3) rolling of large clasts over smaller clasts on the surface of a steep slope. Structural features in a deposit of air-fall pumice lapilli in...
Recent crustal movements in the Sierra Nevada-Walker lane region of California-Nevada: Part i, rate and style of deformation
D.B. Slemmons, D.V. Wormer, E.J. Bell, M.L. Silberman
1979, Tectonophysics (52) 561-570
This review of geological, seismological, geochronological and paleobotanical data is made to compare historic and geologic rates and styles of deformation of the Sierra Nevada and western Basin and Range Provinces. The main uplift of this region began about 17 m.y. ago, with slow uplift of the central Sierra Nevada...
Vesicularity and CO2 in mid-ocean ridge basalt
James G. Moore
1979, Nature (282) 250-253
Vesicles and included CO2 are enriched in deep-sea basalts that are also enriched in light rare earth and incompatible elements. This enrichment probably results from a unique deep mantle origin of such melts but may have been modified by CO2 bubbles rising in shallow magma chambers....
Tufted Puffins nesting in estuarine habitat
Robert E. Gill Jr., Gerald A. Sanger
1979, The Auk (96) 792-794
The Tufted Puffin (Lunda cirrhata) apparently has the most extensive breeding distribution of any North Pacific seabird, extending in the western North Pacific from Hokkaido to the north Chukotsk Peninsula on the Chukchi Sea, and in North America from Cape Lisburne on the Chukchi Sea, south to the Farallon Islands...
A new instrument system to investigate sediment dynamics on continental shelves
D.A. Cacchione, D.E. Drake
1979, Marine Geology (30) 299-312
A new instrumented tripod, the GEOPROBE system, has been constructed and used to collect time-series data on physical and geological parameters that are important in bottom sediment dynamics on continental shelves. Simultaneous in situ digital recording of pressure, temperature, light scattering, and light transmission, in combination with current velocity profiles...
Beach-cusp formation
A. H. Sallenger Jr.
1979, Marine Geology (29) 23-37
Field experiments on beach-cusp formation were undertaken to document how the cuspate form develops and to test the edge-wave hypothesis on the uniform spacing of cusps. These involved observations of cusps forming from an initially plane foreshore. The cuspate form was observed to be a product of swash modification of an...
Hydrology and water quality in the Nederlo Creek Basin, Wisconsin, before construction of two water-retention structures
Phil A. Kammerer Jr., Marvin G. Sherrill
1979, Water-Resources Investigations Report 79-95
The Nederlo Creek basin, in the "Driftless Area" of southwest Wisconsin, is geographically and hydrologically similar to other small basins in the area. Topography is rugged, with approximately 400 feet of relief between the boundary ridge tops and the valley floor. The water-retention structures (a dry floodwater- retention structure and...
The thermal expansion of anhydrite to 1000° C
Howard T. Evans Jr.
1979, Physics and Chemistry of Minerals (4) 77-82
The thermal expansion of anhydrite, CaSO4, has been measured from 22° to 1,000° C by X-ray diffraction, using the Guinier-Lenné heating powder camera. The heating patterns were calibrated with Guinier-Hägg patterns at 25° C, using quartz as internal standard. Heating experiments were run on natural anhydrite (Bancroft, Ontario), which at...
Modeling and optimizing a gas-water reservoir: Enhanced recovery with waterflooding
M.E. Johnson, E.A. Monash, M.S. Waterman
1979, Journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology (11) 63-74
Accepted practice dictates that waterflooding of gas reservoirs should commence, if ever, only when the reservoir pressure has declined to the minimum production pressure. Analytical proof of this hypothesis has yet to appear in the literature however. This paper considers a model for a gas-water reservoir with a variable production...
Temperature calibration of amino acid racemization: Age implications for the Yuha skeleton
J. L. Bischoff, W.M. Childers
1979, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (45) 172-180
D/L of aspartic acid ranged from 0.52 to 0.56 for femur samples of the Yuha skeleton. Subsurface temperature measurements made at the burial site indicate average annual temperature is 18°C and diagenetic temperature is 21.6°C. These data and a relation derived for...
Amino acid racemization dating of fossil bones, I. inter-laboratory comparison of racemization measurements
J.L. Bada, E. Hoopes, D. Darling, G. Dungworth, H.J. Kessels, K.A. Kvenvolden, D.J. Blunt
1979, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (43) 265-268
Enantiomeric measurements for aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and alanine in twenty-one different fossil bone samples have been carried out by three different laboratories using different analytical methods. These inter-laboratory comparisons demonstrate that D/L aspartic acid measurements are highly reproducible, whereas the enantiomeric measurements...
Probability weighted moments: Definition and relation to parameters of several distributions expressable in inverse form
J. Arthur Greenwood, J. Maciunas Landwehr, N.C. Matalas, J.R. Wallis
1979, Water Resources Research (15) 1049-1054
Distributions whose inverse forms are explicitly defined, such as Tukey's lambda, may present problems in deriving their parameters by more conventional means. Probability weighted moments are introduced and shown to be potentially useful in expressing the parameters of these distributions....
Concentrations of metals in very small volumes of soil solution
T. Hinkley
1979, Nature (277) 444-446
A new method of sampling very small amounts of soil solution (0.3 g) shows that soil solutions contain high concentrations and unusual proportions of metals. In the soils studied, the solution is close in both metal proportions and total metal mass to what may be taken up annually by the...
Arsenic and fluoride in the upper madison river system: Firehole and gibbon rivers and their tributaries, yellowstone national park, wyoming, and southeast montana
J. M. Thompson
1979, Environmental Geology (3) 13-21
Chemical analyses of 21 water samples from the Firehole and Gibbon Rivers, which combine to form the Madison River, gave arsenic and fluoride values above the Environmental Protection Agency Interim Primary Drinking Water maximum contaminant levels (0.05 mg/l arsenic and 2.0 mg/l fluoride). On 18 October, 1975, during a period...
D/H ratios in speleothem fluid inclusions: A guide to variations in the isotopic composition of meteoric precipitation?
R.S. Harmon, H.P. Schwarcz, J. R. O’Neil
1979, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (42) 254-266
D/H ratios of fluid inclusion waters extracted from230Th/234U-dated speleothems that were originally deposited under conditions of isotopic equilibrium should provide a direct estimate of the hydrogen isotopic composition of ancient meteoric waters. We present here D/H ratios for 47 fluid inclusion...
Space techniques for measuring crustal deformation
H. Spall
1979, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (11) 9-17
Feather mites of the greater sandhill crane (Grus canadensis tabida)
W.T. Atyeo, Ronald M. Windingstad
1979, Journal of Parasitology (65) 650-658
New taxa are described from Grus canadensis tabida: Brephosceles petersoni sp. n. (Alloptidae); Pseudogabucinia reticulata sp. n. (Kramerellidae); Geranolichus canadensis sp. n., and Gruolichus wodashae, gen. et sp. n. (Pterolichidae). Observations on resource partitioning by these mites are given....
Allantoinase in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush): In vitro effects of PCBs, DDT and metals
Dora R. May Passino, Carol A. Cotant
1979, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Comparative Pharmacology (62) 71-75
1. Allantoinase, an enzyme in the purine-urea cycle, was found in livers of Salvelinus namaycush (Osteichthyes: Salmoniformes).2. The enzyme was active from pH 6.6 to 8.2 at 37°C and from pH 7.4 to 9.0 at 10°C and had an Arrhenius energy was activation of 11.0 kcal/mol and a temperature quotient...
Notes on sedimentation activities calendar year 1977
U.S. Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data- Subcommittee on Sedimentation
1979, Report
The need for disseminating current information on activities in the field of sedimentation was proposed by the Chairman of the Federal Interagency River Basin Committee's Subcommittee on Sedimentation shortly after the subcommittee was formed in May 1946. At the fifth meeting of the subcommittee on September 17, 1946, the members...
Nesting ecology of Arctic loons
Margaret R. Petersen
1979, The Wilson Bulletin (91) 608-617
Arctic Loons were studied on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, from the time of their arrival in May to their departure in September, in 1974 and 1975. Pairs arrived on breeding ponds as soon as sufficient meltwater was available to allow their take-off and landing. Loons apparently do not initiate nests...
