Chemical analyses of Red Sea sediments
Frank T. Manheim, David E. Siems
1974, Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (23) 923-938
One of the prime motives for exploring the deeper subsurface sediments of the Red Sea floor was to gain information on the geochemical systems controlling the hot brine-metalliferous deposits. Accordingly, a strong effort was made to provide both shipboard and laboratory means of analysis of the recovered phases. Shipboard spectrographic...
Red Sea geochemistry
Frank T. Manheim
1974, Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (23) 975-998
The Red Sea drillings reveal a number of new facets of the hot-brine-metalliferous system and other geochemical aspects of the sea, its sediments, and its past history as follows: 1) Dark shales rich in organic material, and containing enhanced Mo and V concentrations, are characteristic of Plio-Pleistocene strata in the...
Evidence for the presence of a heart in Paleozoic ostracodes inconclusive
I. G. Sohn
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 723-726
The presence of a heart in some Paleozoic ostracodes has been inferred by analogy with some living myodocopids that have this organ, and an ordinal classification of the leperditiids has been proposed because of this inference. A review of the present knowledge of the internal shell structure of living myodocopids...
Redescription of the Early Cambrian Helenia bella Walcott, an appendage of Hyolithes
Ellis L. Yochelson
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 717-722
Palynological applications of principal component and cluster analyses
David P. Adam
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 727-741
Two multivariate statistical methods are suggested to help describe patterns in pollen data that result from changes in the relative frequencies of pollen types produced by past climatic and environmental variations. These methods, based on a geometric model, compare samples by use of the product-moment correlation coefficient computed from data...
The effects of the Hurricane Agnes flood on channel geometry and sediment discharge of selected streams in the Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania
John R. Ritter
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 753-761
The Hurricane Agnes flood seems to have hardly changed the channel geometry of the Pennsylvania streams studied in this report. The 10 sites studied generally showed that the width of the stream channels had been changed little by the flood and that streambed altitudes had been lowered less than a...
Major chemical characteristics of Mesozoic Coast Range ophiolite in California
E. H. Bailey, Blake
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 637-656
Sixty-four major element analyses of rocks representative of the Coast Range ophiolite in California were compared with analyses of other onland ophiolite sequences and those of rocks from oceanic ridges. The rocks can be classed in five groups harzburgite-dunite, clinopyroxenite-wehrlite, gabbro, basalt-spilite, and keratophyre-quartz keratophyre which on various diagrams occupy...
Ultramafic rocks of the Eagle quadrangle, east-central Alaska
Helen L. Foster, Terry E.C. Keith
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 657-669
More than 97 separate occurrences of ultramafic rocks, some of which are included in a north west-trending zone of alpine-type ultramafic rocks, have been mapped in the Eagle quadrangle, east-central Alaska. They are divided into three groups primarily on the basis of degree of serpentinization. Group I consists of lens-shaped bodies...
Barium in hybrid granitoid rocks of the southern Snake Range, Nevada
Donald E. Lee, Willis P. Doering
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 671-675
In a magmatic environment, barium usually substitutes for potassium in the crystallizing silicates, and the two increase together in rocks late in the differentiation sequence. Results of this study show the opposite trend in an equivalent of a large part (63-76 percent SiO2) of the classic differentiation sequence that resulted...
Distribution and occurrence of rare earths in the thorium veins on Hall Mountain, Idaho
Mortimer H. Staatz, Van E. Shaw, James S. Wahlberg
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 677-683
Rare earths, although equal to or more abundant than thorium in many thorium veins, are much less abundant than thorium in the veins on Hall Mountain, Idaho. Total rare-earth content of these veins ranges from 0.00111 to 0.197 percent in 12 samples from 10 veins; the thoria (ThO2 ) content,...
Unique cartographic characteristics of ERTS
Alden P. Colvocoresses
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 763-764
The ERTS television sensing system has unique cartographic advantages over aircraft and satellite film systems. These are longer life combined with greater coverage, transmission of data in near real time, orthogonality, excellent geometric precision for planimetric mapping, suitability for automation (because of the basically continuous image on a mathematically definable...
Origin of spongy cherts
Beth M. Madsen
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 685-687
The spongy-textured surface in some cherts, visible on electron micrographs, is inherited from authigenic cristobalite. Spongy bedded cherts were originally bedded porcelanites similar to the porcelanite in the Miocene Monterey Formation of California....
Optical and X-ray crystallographic investigations of strontioginorites
Ralph P. Christian, G. Donald Eberlein, Judith A. Konnert
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 699-700
Compositional, optical, and unit-cell data are presented for a suite of strontioginorites. These crystals show that Sr:Ca ≈ 1 is preferred. Lack of variation in the Sr:Ca resulted in no meaningful correlation between composition and physical properties....
Buddingtonite, ammonium feldspar, in the Phosphoria Formation, southeastern Idaho
R. A. Gulbrandsen
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 693-696
Buddingtonite is distributed widely in the rocks of the Meade Peak Member of the Phosphoria Formation in southeastern Idaho and occurs in amounts up to about 50 percent. Most of the buddingtonite is in the middle mudstone interval of the member between two phosphate-rich intervals. The composition of the buddingtonite,...
Spectrophotometric determination of vanadium in rutile and in mafic igneous rocks
John Marinenko, Leung Mei
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 701-703
Minor and major levels of vanadium in rutile are separated from titanium and iron by sample fusion with sodium carbonate followed by water leach and filtration. The filtrate is then acidified with hydrochloric acid. Silicates are decomposed with a mixture of hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acids, and iron is separated by...
Rubidium-strontium dating of the trondhjemite of Rio Brazos, New Mexico and of the Kroenke Granodiorite, Colorado
Fred Barker, Z. E. Peterman, W.T. Henderson, R.E. Hildreth
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 705-709
The quartz-eye trondhjemite and associated hornblendite near Rio Brazos, Brazos Peak quadrangle, New Mexico, and the Kroenke Granodiorite of the Mount Harvard quadrangle and Sawatch Range, Colo., lie on an approximate 1,700-m.y. Rb-Sr isochron. Their initial 8 7Sr/ 8 6Sr ratio is about 0.7026. Six samples...
Continental depositon of Antarctic tillite indicated by carbon and oxygen isotopes
D. L. Schmidt, Irving Friedman
1974, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (2) 711-715
Freshwater deposition of the upper Paleozoic, Gondwana tillite in the Pensacola Mountains is indicated by low δ values of +4.9 to +6.1 permil δ0 1 8 (SMOW) and -1.8 to -15.9 permil δC1 3 (PDB) in primary sedimentary calcite within the tillite. In contrast, Cambrian marine limestone from the Pensacola...
Chemical weathering of serpentinite in the eastern Piedmont of Maryland
E.T. Cleaves, D. W. Fisher, O.P. Bricker
1974, Geological Society of America Bulletin (85) 437-444
Weathering processes in a small watershed (Soldiers Delight) underlain by Serpentinite in the Piedmont of Maryland were studied by means of a mass balance technique and were compared with the processes operative in a watershed uncertain by schist. The two terranes are downwasting at a rate of 2.4 m per...
Oxidation effect on the analysis of iron in the interstitial water of recent anoxic sediments
B.N. Troup, O.P. Bricker, J.T. Bray
1974, Nature (249) 237-239
Recent studies on the changes in composition of interstitial water during its separation from sediments1-3 prompted us to evaluate the effect of squeezing on the concentration of ferrous iron within the interstitial water. Sediment samples were taken in northern Chesapeake Bay (38°56′ N and 76°25′ W) with a Benthos gravity corer....
An experimental study of the partitioning of a rare earth element (Gd) in the system diopside—Aqueous vapour
Robert A. Zielinski, Frederick A. Frey
1974, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (38) 545-565
The partitioning of Gd in the experimental system diopside-aqueous vapor as a function of temperature, pressure, composition of the phases, time, grain size, solid-liquid ratio and Gd concentration has been investigated. A radioactive tracer measurement was used to determine Gd concentration in the separated phases. Diposides were reacted with aqueous...
Geology and mineral resources of the Lehighton and Palmerton quadrangles, Carbon and Northampton Counties, Pennsylvania
Jack B. Epstein, W. D. Sevon, J. Douglas Glaeser
1974, Atlas 195cd
The Lehighton and Palmerton 73 1/2-minute quadrangles cover an area of about 112 square miles of diversified terrain in the folded Appalachian Mountain and Great Valley sections of the Valley and Ridge physiographic province in Carbon, Lehigh, and Northampton Counties, Pennsylvania. The Lehigh River and Blue Mountain are the prominent...
Contributions to the petrography and geochronology of volcanic rocks from the leeward Hawaiian Islands
G. B. Dalrymple, M. A. Lanphere, E. D. Jackson
1974, GSA Bulletin (85) 727-738
Petrographic and chemical analyses of basalt from Nihoa Island, Necker Island, French Frigate Shoals, and Midway Atoll, all in the leeward part of the Hawaiian chain, confirm that these islands are subaerial remnants of tholeiitic shield volcanoes similar to those that form the principal Hawaiian Islands. Chemistry suggests that Gardner...
Geologic framework of the Kuluncak-Sofular Area, East-Central Turkey, and K-Ar ages of igneous rocks
Gerhard W. Leo, Richard F. Marvin, Harald H. Mehnert
1974, Geological Society of America Bulletin (85) 1785-1788
The Kuluncak-Sofular area, located about midway between Sivas and Malatya in east-central Turkey is underlain by a variety of sedimentary, volcanic, and intrusive rocks. The sedimentary rocks have been deposited on a pre-Campanian serpentinite basement and include Cretaceous conglomerate, graywacke, tuff, and limestone; Eocene arkosic sandstone, conglomerate, and limestone; and...
Lunar basin formation and highland stratigraphy
Keith A. Howard, D.E. Wilhelms, D. H. Scott
1974, Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics (12) 309-327
Multiring impact basins, formed after solidification of the lunar crust, account for most or all premare regional deposits and structures expressed in the lunar landscape and for major topographic and gravity variations. A fresh basin has two or more concentric mountain rings, a lineated ejecta blanket, and secondary impact craters....
Origin of Franciscan melanges in Northern California
M. Clark Blake Jr., D. L. Jones
1974, SEPM Special Publication 19
In northern California, chaotic Franciscan melange occurs beneath the overlying ophiolite and Great Valley Sequence. Identical melanges occur to the west, separating well-bedded, coherent Franciscan units that differ markedly in age. Detailed studies in several places indicate that these melanges mark the boundaries of imbricate thrust sheets, and they appear...
