Resilience in ecotoxicology: Toward a multiple equilibrium concept
Mirco Bundschuh, Ralf Schulz, Craig R. Allen, David G. Angeler
2017, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (36) 2574-2580
The term resilience describes stress–response patterns across scientific disciplines. In ecology, advances have been made to clearly define resilience based on underlying mechanistic assumptions. Engineering resilience (rebound) is used to describe the ability of organisms to recover from adverse conditions (disturbances), which is termed the rate of recovery. By contrast,...
3-D simulations of M9 earthquakes on the Cascadia Megathrust: Key parameters and uncertainty
Erin Wirth, Arthur D. Frankel, John Vidale, Nasser A. Marafi, William J. Stephenson
2017, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 11th National Conference in Earthquake Engineering
Geologic and historical records indicate that the Cascadia subduction zone is capable of generating large, megathrust earthquakes up to magnitude 9. The last great Cascadia earthquake occurred in 1700, and thus there is no direct measure on the intensity of ground shaking or specific rupture parameters from seismic recordings. We...
Role of a naturally varying flow regime in Everglades restoration
Judson Harvey, Paul R. Wetzel, Thomas E. Lodge, Victor C. Engel, Michael S. Ross
2017, Restoration Ecology (25) S27-S38
The Everglades is a low-gradient floodplain predominantly on organic soil that undergoes seasonally pulsing sheetflow through a network of deepwater sloughs separated by slightly higher elevation ridges. The seasonally pulsing flow permitted the coexistence of ridge and slough vegetation, including the persistence of productive, well-connected sloughs that seasonally concentrated prey...
Causes of distal volcano-tectonic seismicity inferred from hydrothermal modeling
Cecile A. Coulon, Paul A. Hsieh, Randall A. White, Jacob B. Lowenstern, Steven E. Ingebritsen
2017, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (345) 98-108
Distal volcano-tectonic (dVT) seismicity typically precedes eruption at long-dormant volcanoes by days to years. Precursory dVT seismicity may reflect magma-induced fluid-pressure pulses that intersect critically stressed faults. We explored this hypothesis using an open-source magmatic-hydrothermal code that simulates multiphase fluid and heat transport over the temperature range 0 to 1200 °C....
Geothermal implications of a refined composition-age geologic map for the volcanic terrains of southeast Oregon, northeast California, and southwest Idaho, USA
Erick R. Burns, Marshall W. Gannett, David R. Sherrod, Mackenzie K. Keith, Jennifer A. Curtis, James R. Bartolino, John A. Engott, Benjamin P. Scandella, Michelle A. Stern, Alan L. Flint
2017, Conference Paper, Geothermal Resources Transactions
Sufficient temperatures to generate steam likely exist under most of the dominantly volcanic terrains of southeast Oregon, northeast California, and southeast Idaho, USA, but finding sufficient permeability to allow efficient advective heat exchange is an outstanding challenge. A new thematic interpretation of existing state-level geologic maps provides an updated and...
Hypogene caves of the central Appalachian Shenandoah Valley in Virginia
Daniel H. Doctor, Wil Orndorff
2017, Book chapter, Hypogene karst regions and caves of the world
Several caves in the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia show evidence for early hypogenic conduit development with later-enhanced solution under partly confined phreatic conditions guided by geologic structures. Many (but not all) of these caves have been subsequently invaded by surface waters as a result of erosion and exhumation. Those not...
Environmental conditions and prey-switching by a seabird predator impact juvenile salmon survival
Brian K. Wells, Jarrod A. Santora, Mark J. Henderson, Peter Warzybok, Jaime Jahncke, Russell W. Bradley, David D. Huff, Isaac D. Schroeder, Peter Nelson, John C. Field, David G. Ainley
2017, Journal of Marine Systems (174) 54-63
Due to spatio-temporal variability of lower trophic-level productivity along the California Current Ecosystem (CCE), predators must be capable of switching prey or foraging areas in response to changes in environmental conditions and available forage. The Gulf of the Farallones in central California represents a biodiversity hotspot and contains the largest...
Ecological impacts of winter water level drawdowns on lake littoral zones: A review
Allison H. Roy
2017, Aquatic Sciences (79) 803-824
Freshwater littoral zones harbor diverse ecological communities and serve numerous ecosystem functions that are controlled, in part, by natural water level fluctuations. However, human alteration of lake hydrologic regimes beyond natural fluctuations threaten littoral zone ecological integrity. One type of hydrologic alteration in lakes is winter water level drawdowns, which...
A transect through Vermont’s most famous volcano – Mount Ascutney: GSNH Summer 2017 Field Trip
Gregory J. Walsh
2017, Report
No abstract available....
Balancing stability and flexibility in adaptive governance: An analysis of tools available in U.S. environmental law
Robin Kundis Craig, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, Craig Anthony Arnold, Hannah E. Birge, Daniel A. DeCaro, Alexander K. Fremier, Hannah Gosnell, Edella Schlager
2017, Ecology and Society (22) 1-15
Adaptive governance must work “on the ground,” that is, it must operate through structures and procedures that the people it governs perceive to be legitimate and fair, as well as incorporating processes and substantive goals that are effective in allowing social-ecological systems (SESs) to adapt to climate change and other...
Evaluating and improving count-based population inference: A case study from 31 years of monitoring Sandhill Cranes
Brian D. Gerber, William L. Kendall
2017, The Condor (119) 191-206
Monitoring animal populations can be difficult. Limited resources often force monitoring programs to rely on unadjusted or smoothed counts as an index of abundance. Smoothing counts is commonly done using a moving-average estimator to dampen sampling variation. These indices are commonly used to inform management decisions, although their reliability is...
Network analysis of a regional fishery: Implications for management of natural resources, and recruitment and retention of anglers
Dustin R. Martin, Daizaburo Shizuka, Christopher J. Chizinski, Kevin L. Pope
2017, Fisheries Research (194) 31-41
Angler groups and water-body types interact to create a complex social-ecological system. Network analysis could inform detailed mechanistic models on, and provide managers better information about, basic patterns of fishing activity. Differences in behavior and reservoir selection among angler groups in a regional fishery, the Salt Valley fishery in southeastern...
Biogeography: An interweave of climate, fire, and humans
Michael C. Stambaugh, J. Morgan Varner, Stephen T. Jackson
2017, Book chapter, Ecological restoration and management of longleaf pine Forests
Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) is an icon of the southeastern United States and has been considered a foundation species in forests, woodlands, and savannas of the region (Schwarz 1907; Platt 1999). Longleaf pine is an avatar for the extensive pine-dominated, fire-dependent ecosystems (Figure 2.1) that provide habitats for thousands of...
238U–230Th–226Ra–210Pb–210Po disequilibria constraints on magma generation, ascent, and degassing during the ongoing eruption of Kīlauea
Guillaume Girard, Mark K. Reagan, Kenneth W. W. Sims, Carl Thornber, Christopher L. Waters, Erin H. Phillips
2017, Journal of Petrology (58) 1199-1226
The timescales of magma genesis, ascent, storage and degassing at Kīlauea volcano, Hawai‘i are addressed by measuring 238U-series radionuclide abundances in lava and tephra erupted between 1982 and 2008. Most analyzed samples represent lavas erupted by steady effusion from Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō and Kūpahianaha from 1983 to 2008. Also included are samples...
Nearshore fish community
James A. Hoyle, Michael J. Connerton, Dawn E. Dittman, Dimitry Gorsky, Jana R. Lantry, Alastair Mathers, Scott L. Schlueter, Maureen Walsh, Brian Weidel, Michael J. Yuille
2017, Report, The state of Lake Ontario in 2014
Lake Ontario’s nearshore fish community consists of a diverse assemblage of warm- and cool-water species. The “nearshore zone,” loosely separated from the “offshore zones” by the 15-m depth contour, consists of complex habitats spanning a gamut from vast open-coastal areas to sheltered embayments and wetlands. Lake Ontario’s nearshore habitat has...
Wastewater disposal and the earthquake sequences during 2016 near Fairview, Pawnee, and Cushing, Oklahoma
Arthur F. McGarr, Andrew J. Barbour
2017, Geophysical Research Letters (44) 9330-9336
Each of the three earthquake sequences in Oklahoma in 2016—Fairview, Pawnee, and Cushing—appears to have been induced by high-volume wastewater disposal within 10 km. The Fairview M5.1 main shock was part of a 2 year sequence of more than 150 events of M3, or greater; the main shock accounted for about half of the...
Evaluating a kinematic method for generating broadband ground motions for great subduction zone earthquakes: Application to the 2003 Mw 8.3 Tokachi‐Oki earthquake
Erin A. Wirth, Arthur D. Frankel, John E. Vidale
2017, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (107) 1737-1753
We compare broadband synthetic seismograms with recordings of the 2003 Mw">MwMw 8.3 Tokachi‐Oki earthquake to evaluate a compound rupture model, in which slip on the fault consists of multiple high‐stress‐drop asperities superimposed on...
Uptake and disposition of select pharmaceuticals by bluegill exposed at constant concentrations in a flow-through aquatic exposure system
Jian-Liang Zhao, Edward T. Furlong, Heiko L. Schoenfuss, Dana W. Kolpin, Kyle L. Bird, David J. Feifarek, Eric A. Schwab, Guang-Guo Ying
2017, Environmental Science & Technology (51) 4434-4444
The increasing use of pharmaceuticals has led to their subsequent input into and release from wastewater treatment plants, with corresponding discharge into surface waters that may subsequently exert adverse effects upon aquatic organisms. Although the distribution of pharmaceuticals in surface water has been extensively studied, the details of uptake, internal...
The story of a Yakima fold and how it informs Late Neogene and Quaternary backarc deformation in the Cascadia subduction zone, Manastash anticline, Washington, USA
Harvey M. Kelsey, Tyler C. Ladinsky, Lydia M. Staisch, Brian L. Sherrod, Richard J. Blakely, Thomas Pratt, William J. Stephenson, Jackson K. Odum, Elmira Wan
2017, Tectonics (36) 2085-2107
The Yakima folds of central Washington, USA, are prominent anticlines that are the primary tectonic features of the backarc of the northern Cascadia subduction zone. What accounts for their topographic expression and how much strain do they accommodate and over what time period? We investigate Manastash anticline, a north vergent...
Martian cave air-movement via Helmholtz resonance
Kaj E. Williams, Timothy N. Titus, Chris Okubo, Glen E. Cushing
2017, International Journal of Speleology (46) 493-444
Infrasonic resonance has previously been measured in terrestrial caves by other researchers, where Helmholtz resonance has been suggested as the plausible mechanism resulting in periodic wind reversals within cave entrances. We extend this reasoning to possible Martian caves, where we examine the characteristics of four atypical pit craters (APCs) on...
Are exposure predictions, used for the prioritization of pharmaceuticals in the environment, fit for purpose?
Emily E. Burns, Jane Thomas-Oates, Dana W. Kolpin, Edward T. Furlong, Alistair B.A. Boxall
2017, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (36) 2823-2832
Prioritization methodologies are often used for identifying those pharmaceuticals that pose the greatest risk to the natural environment and to focus laboratory testing or environmental monitoring toward pharmaceuticals of greatest concern. Risk-based prioritization approaches, employing models to derive exposure concentrations, are commonly used, but the reliability of these models is...
Transmission routes maintaining a viral pathogen of steelhead trout within a complex multi-host assemblage
Rachel Breyta, Ilana L. Brito, Paige Ferguson, Gael Kurath, Kerry A. Naish, Maureen K. Purcell, Andrew R. Wargo, Shannon L. LaDeau
2017, Ecology and Evolution (7) 8187-8200
This is the first comprehensive region wide, spatially explicit epidemiologic analysis of surveillance data of the aquatic viral pathogen infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) infecting native salmonid fish. The pathogen has been documented in the freshwater ecosystem of the Pacific Northwest of North America since the 1950s, and the current...
Influence of precipitation and crop germination on resource selection by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in southwest Colorado
Emily M. Carrollo, Heather E. Johnson, Justin W. Fischer, Matthew Hammond, Patricia D. Dorsey, Charles Anderson, Kurt C. Vercauteren, W. David Walter
2017, Scientific Reports (7) 1-9
Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) populations in the western United States provide many benefits to local economies but can also cause considerable damage to agriculture, particularly damage to lucrative crops. Limited information exists to understand resource selection of mule deer in response to annual variation in crop rotation and climatic conditions....
Degradation of crude 4-MCHM (4-methylcyclohexanemethanol) in sediments from Elk River, West Virginia
Isabelle M. Cozzarelli, Denise M. Akob, Mary Jo Baedecker, Tracey Spencer, Jeanne B. Jaeschke, Darren S. Dunlap, Adam C. Mumford, Amisha T. Poret-Peterson, Douglas B. Chambers
2017, Environmental Science & Technology (51) 12139-12145
In January 2014, approximately 37 800 L of crude 4-methylcyclohexanemethanol (crude MCHM) spilled into the Elk River, West Virginia. To understand the long-term fate of 4-MCHM, we conducted experiments under environmentally relevant conditions to assess the potential for the 2 primary compounds in crude MCHM (1) to undergo biodegradation and (2)...
Methane in aquifers used for public supply in the United States
Peter B. McMahon, Kenneth Belitz, Jeannie R. B. Barlow, Bryant C. Jurgens
2017, Applied Geochemistry (84) 337-347
In 2013 to 2015, 833 public supply wells in 15 Principal aquifers in the U.S. were sampled to identify which aquifers contained high methane concentrations (>1 mg/L) and determine the geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical conditions associated with high concentrations. This study represents the first national assessment of methane in aquifers used...
