Field scale test of multi-dimensional flow and morphodynamic simulations used for restoration design analysis
Richard R. McDonald, Jonathan M. Nelson, Ryan L. Fosness, Peter O. Nelson
George Constantinescu, Marcelo H. Garcia, Dan Hanes, editor(s)
2016, Conference Paper, RiverFlow 2016
Two- and three-dimensional morphodynamic simulations are becoming common in studies of channel form and process. The performance of these simulations are often validated against measurements from laboratory studies. Collecting channel change information in natural settings for model validation is difficult because it can be expensive and under most channel forming...
sbtools: A package connecting R to cloud-based data for collaborative online research
Luke Winslow, Scott Chamberlain, Alison P. Appling, Jordan S. Read
2016, The R Journal (8) 387-398
The adoption of high-quality tools for collaboration and reproducible research such as R and Github is becoming more common in many research fields. While Github and other version management systems are excellent resources, they were originally designed to handle code and scale poorly to large text-based or binary datasets. A...
Teleconnected ocean forcing of Western North American droughts and pluvials during the last millennium
Cody C. Routson, Connie A. Woodhouse, Jonathan T. Overpeck, Julio L. Betancourt, Nicholas P. McKay
2016, Quaternary Science Reviews (146) 238-250
Western North America (WNA) is rich in hydroclimate reconstructions, yet questions remain about the causes of decadal-to-multidecadal hydroclimate variability. Teleconnection patterns preserved in annually-resolved tree-ring reconstructed drought maps, and anomalies in a global network of proxy sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructions, were used to reassess the evidence linking ocean forcing...
Carbon and energy fluxes in cropland ecosystems: a model-data comparison
E. Lokupitiya, A. Scott Denning, K. Schaefer, D. Ricciuto, R. Anderson, M. A. Arain, I. Baker, A. G. Barr, G. Chen, J.M. Chen, P. Ciais, D.R. Cook, M.C. Dietze, M. El Maayar, M. Fischer, R. Grant, D. Hollinger, C. Izaurralde, A. Jain, C.J. Kucharik, Z. Li, S. Liu, L. Li, R. Matamala, P. Peylin, D. Price, S. W. Running, A. Sahoo, M. Sprintsin, A.E. Suyker, H. Tian, Christina Tonitto, M.S. Torn, Hans Verbeeck, S.B. Verma, Y. Xue
2016, Biogeochemistry (128) 53-76
Croplands are highly productive ecosystems that contribute to land–atmosphere exchange of carbon, energy, and water during their short growing seasons. We evaluated and compared net ecosystem exchange (NEE), latent heat flux (LE), and sensible heat flux (H) simulated by a suite of ecosystem models at five agricultural eddy covariance flux...
The road to NHDPlus — Advancements in digital stream networks and associated catchments
Richard B. Moore, Thomas A. Dewald
2016, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (52) 890-900
A progression of advancements in Geographic Information Systems techniques for hydrologic network and associated catchment delineation has led to the production of the National Hydrography Dataset Plus (NHDPlus). NHDPlus is a digital stream network for hydrologic modeling with catchments and a suite of related geospatial data. Digital stream networks with...
Considering transient population dynamics in the conservation of slow life-history species: An application to the sandhill crane
Brian D. Gerber, William L. Kendall
2016, Biological Conservation (200) 228-239
The importance of transient dynamics of structured populations is increasingly recognized in ecology, yet these implications are not largely considered in conservation practices. We investigate transient and long-term population dynamics to demonstrate the process and utility of incorporating transient dynamics into conservation research and to better understand the population management...
Effects of spray-dried Pseudomonas fluorescens, strain CL145A (Zequanox®) on reproduction and early development of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas).
Diane L. Waller, James A. Luoma
2016, Report
The biopesticide, Zequanox®, is registered for dreissenid mussel control in open water systems. Previous toxicity trials with nontarget organisms, including young-of-the year of several fish species and invertebrates, demonstrated selectivity of Zequanox for dreissenids. However, data are lacking on its safety to reproductive and early life stages of fish. The...
Desert bighorn sheep lambing habitat: Parturition, nursery, and predation sites
Rebekah C. Karsch, James W. Cain III, Eric M. Rominger, Elise J. Goldstein
2016, Journal of Wildlife Management (80) 1069-1080
Fitness of female ungulates is determined by neonate survival and lifetime reproductive success. Therefore, adult female ungulates should adopt behaviors and habitat selection patterns that enhance survival of neonates during parturition and lactation. Parturition site location may play an important role in neonatal mortality of desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis...
Damage and recovery assessment of the Philippines' mangroves following Super Typhoon Haiyan
Jordan Long, Chandra Giri, Jurgene H. Primavera, Mandar Trivedi
2016, Marine Pollution Bulletin (109) 734-743
We quantified mangrove disturbance resulting from Super Typhoon Haiyan using a remote sensing approach. Mangrove areas were mapped prior to Haiyan using 30 m Landsat imagery and a supervised decision-tree classification. A time sequence of 250 m eMODIS data was used to monitor mangrove condition prior to, and following, Haiyan. Based on...
Urban base flow with low impact development
Aditi Bhaskar, Dianna M. Hogan, Stacey A. Archfield
2016, Hydrological Processes (30) 3156-3171
A novel form of urbanization, low impact development (LID), aims to engineer systems that replicate natural hydrologic functioning, in part by infiltrating stormwater close to the impervious surfaces that generate it. We sought to statistically evaluate changes in a base flow regime because of urbanization with LID, specifically changes in...
Responses of a tall building in Los Angeles, California as inferred from local and distant earthquakes
Mehmet Çelebi, Hasan Ulusoy, Nori Nakata
2016, Earthquake Spectra (32) 1821-1843
Increasing inventory of tall buildings in the United States and elsewhere may be subjected to motions generated by near and far seismic sources that cause long-period effects. Multiple sets of records that exhibited such effects were retrieved from tall buildings in Tokyo and Osaka ~ 350 km and 770 km...
Comment on “Geochemistry of buried river sediments from Ghaggar Plains, NW India: Multi-proxy records of variations in provenance, paleoclimate, and paleovegetation patterns in the late quaternary” by Ajit Singh, Debajyoti Paul, Rajiv Sinha, Kristina J. Thomsen, Sanjeev Gupta
Peter D. Clift, Liviu Giosan, Amy E. East
2016, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (455) 65-67
Singh et al. (2016) published a geochemical record of sediment compositions from the flood plain of the Ghaggar River in western India and use the changing provenance, particularly as traced by Nd isotope composition, to reconstruct how erosion patterns have changed over the past 100 k.y. In doing so they...
Spawning and hatching of endangered Gila Chub in captivity
Andrew A. Schultz, Scott A. Bonar
2016, North American Journal of Aquaculture (78) 279-283
Information on reproductive characteristics of the endangered Gila Chub Gila intermedia is largely limited and qualitative, and culture techniques and requirements are virtually unknown. Here we provide the first published data on spawning and selected reproductive and developmental characteristics of Gila Chub. Fish were brought to the laboratory in March...
Development and assessment of indices to determine stream fish vulnerability to climate change and habitat alteration
Nicholas A. Sievert, Craig P. Paukert, Yin-Phan Tsang, Dana M. Infante
2016, Ecological Indicators (67) 403-416
Understanding the future impacts of climate and land use change are critical for long-term biodiversity conservation. We developed and compared two indices to assess the vulnerability of stream fish in Missouri, USA based on species environmental tolerances, rarity, range size, dispersal ability and on the average connectivity of the streams...
Insights into plant water uptake from xylem-water isotope measurements in two tropical catchments with contrasting moisture conditions
Jaivime Evaristo, Jeffrey J. McDonnell, Martha A. Scholl, L. Adrian Bruijnzeel, Kwok P. Chun
2016, Hydrological Processes (30) 3210-3227
Water transpired by trees has long been assumed to be sourced from the same subsurface water stocks that contribute to groundwater recharge and streamflow. However, recent investigations using dual water stable isotopes have shown an apparent ecohydrological separation between tree-transpired water and stream water. Here we present evidence for such...
Measuring, interpreting, and responding to changes in coral reefs: A challenge for biologists, geologist, and managers
Caroline S. Rogers, Jeff Miller
Dennis K. Hubbard, Caroline S. Rogers, Jere H. Lipps, George D. Stanley Jr., editor(s)
2016, Book chapter, Coral reefs at the crossroads
What, exactly, is a coral reef? And how have the world’s reefs changed in the last several decades? What are the stressors undermining reef structure and function? Given the predicted effects of climate change, do reefs have a future? Is it possible to “manage” coral reefs for resilience?...
Applications for General Purpose Command Buffers: The Emergency Conjunction Avoidance Maneuver
Robert J Scheid, Martin England
2016, Conference Paper, SpaceOps 2016 Conference
A case study is presented for the use of Relative Operation Sequence (ROS) command buffers to quickly execute a propulsive maneuver to avoid a collision with space debris. In this process, a ROS is custom-built with a burn time and magnitude, uplinked to the spacecraft, and executed in 15 percent...
The Mississippi River: A place for fish
Harold Schramm, Brian Ickes
Yushun Chen, Duane Chapman, John Jackson, Daqing Chen, Zhongjie Li, Jack Kilgore, Quinton E. Phelps, Michael Eggleton, editor(s)
2016, Book chapter, Fishery Resources, Environment, and Conservation in the Mississippi and Yangtze (Changjiang) River Basins
The Mississippi River flows 3,734 km from its source at Lake Itasca, Minnesota to its outlet at the Gulf of Mexico. Along its course, it collects water from portions of two Canadian provinces and 41 % of the conterminous United States. Although greatly altered for navigation and flood control throughout...
Landscape effects of wildfire on permafrost distribution in interior Alaska derived from remote sensing
Dana R. N. Brown, M. Torre Jorgenson, Knut Kielland, David L. Verbyla, Anupma Prakash, Joshua C. Koch
2016, Remote Sensing (8) 1-22
Climate change coupled with an intensifying wildfire regime is becoming an important driver of permafrost loss and ecosystem change in the northern boreal forest. There is a growing need to understand the effects of fire on the spatial distribution of permafrost and its associated ecological consequences. We focus on the...
Seasonal movements and habitat use of Potamodromous Rainbow Trout across a complex Alaska riverscape
Kevin M. Fraley, Jeffrey A. Falke, Richard Yanusz, Sam S. Ivey
2016, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (145) 1077-1092
Potamodromous Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss are an important ecological and recreational resource in freshwater ecosystems of Alaska, and increased human development, hydroelectric projects, and reduced escapement of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha may threaten their populations. We used aerial and on-the-ground telemetry tracking, a digital landscape model, and resource selection functions...
Advancing environmental flow science: Developing frameworks for altered landscapes and integrating efforts across disciplines.
Shannon K. Brewer, Ryan A. McManamay, Andrew D. Miller, Robert Mollenhauer, Thomas A. Worthington, Tom Arsuffi
2016, Environmental Management (58) 175-192
Environmental flows represent a legal mechanism to balance existing and future water uses and sustain non-use values. Here, we identify current challenges, provide examples where they are important, and suggest research advances that would benefit environmental flow science. Specifically, environmental flow science would benefit by (1) developing approaches...
Overwintering strategies of migratory birds: a novel approach for estimating seasonal movement patterns of residents and transients
Viviana Ruiz-Gutierrez, William L. Kendall, James F. Saracco, Gary C. White
2016, Journal of Applied Ecology (53) 1035-1045
Our understanding of movement patterns in wildlife populations has played an important role in current ecological knowledge and can inform landscape conservation decisions. Direct measures of movement can be obtained using marked individuals, but this requires tracking individuals across a landscape or multiple sites.We demonstrate how movements...
Electrofishing effort requirements for estimating species richness in the Kootenai River, Idaho
Carson J. Watkins, Michael C. Quist, Bradley B. Shepard, Susan C. Ireland
2016, Northwest Science (90) 315-327
This study was conducted on the Kootenai River, Idaho to provide insight on sampling requirements to optimize future monitoring effort associated with the response of fish assemblages to habitat rehabilitation. Our objective was to define the electrofishing effort (m) needed to have a 95% probability of sampling 50, 75, and...
Transmission of influenza reflects seasonality of wild birds across the annual cycle
Nichola J. Hill, Brandt W. Meixell, Eric J. Ma, Mark S. Lindberg, Walter M. Boyce, Jonathan A. Runstadler
2016, Ecology Letters (19) 915-925
Influenza A Viruses (IAV) in nature must overcome shifting transmission barriers caused by the mobility of their primary host, migratory wild birds, that change throughout the annual cycle. Using a phylogenetic network of viral sequences from North American wild birds (2008–2011) we demonstrate a shift from intraspecific to interspecific transmission...
The influence of vegetation cover on debris-flow density during an extreme rainfall in the northern Colorado Front Range
Francis K. Rengers, Luke McGuire, Jeffrey A. Coe, Jason W. Kean, Rex L. Baum, Dennis M. Staley, Jonathan W. Godt
2016, Geology (44) 823-826
We explored regional influences on debris-flow initiation throughout the Colorado Front Range (Colorado, USA) by exploiting a unique data set of more than 1100 debris flows that initiated during a 5 day rainstorm in 2013. Using geospatial data, we examined the influence of rain, hillslope angle, hillslope aspect, and vegetation...
