Assessment of parametric uncertainty for groundwater reactive transport modeling,
Xiaoqing Shi, Ming Ye, Gary P. Curtis, Geoffery L. Miller, Philip D. Meyer, Matthias Kohler, Steve Yabusaki, Jichun Wu
2014, Water Resources Research (50) 4416-4439
The validity of using Gaussian assumptions for model residuals in uncertainty quantification of a groundwater reactive transport model was evaluated in this study. Least squares regression methods explicitly assume Gaussian residuals, and the assumption leads to Gaussian likelihood functions, model parameters, and model predictions. While the Bayesian methods do not...
Alaska
F. Stuart Chapin III, Sarah F. Trainor, Patricia Cochran, Henry Huntington, Carl J. Markon, Molly McCammon, A. David McGuire, Mark Serreze
J. M. Melillo, Terese Richmond, G.W. Yohe, editor(s)
2014, Report, Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment
Key Messages Arctic summer sea ice is receding faster than previously projected and is expected to virtually disappear before mid-century. This is altering marine ecosystems and leading to greater ship access, offshore development opportunity, and increased community vulnerability to coastal erosion. Most glaciers in Alaska and British Columbia are shrinking substantially. This...
Cycles of explosive and effusive eruptions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Don Swanson, Timothy R. Rose, Adonara E Mucek, Michael O. Garcia, Richard S. Fiske, Larry G. Mastin
2014, Geology (42) 631-634
The subaerial eruptive activity at Kīlauea Volcano (Hawai‘i) for the past 2500 yr can be divided into 3 dominantly effusive and 2 dominantly explosive periods, each lasting several centuries. The prevailing style of eruption for 60% of this time was explosive, manifested by repeated phreatic and phreatomagmatic activity in a...
Woody vegetation communities of tidal freshwater swamps in South Carolina, Georgia and Florida (US) with comparisons to similar systems in the US and South America
Jamie A. Duberstein, William H. Conner, Ken W. Krauss
2014, Journal of Vegetation Science (25) 848-862
Questions What are the general tree communities found in tidal freshwater swamps along four large coastal rivers in the southeastern United States (US)? How do these communities compare to other tidal freshwater swamps in the US and South America? Locations Tidal floodplains of major rivers along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the...
Preliminary analysis of the role of lake basin morphology on the modern diatom flora in the Ruby Mountains and East Humboldt Range, Nevada, USA
Scott W. Starratt
2014, Mountain Views (8) 8-13
As paleolimnologists, we often look at the world through a 5-cm-diameter hole in the bottom of a lake, and although a number of studies have shown that a single core in the deepest part of a lake does not necessarily reflect the entire diatom flora, time and money often limit...
Estimating migratory connectivity of birds when re-encounter probabilities are heterogeneous
Emily B. Cohen, Jeffrey A. Hostelter, J. Andrew Royle, Peter P. Marra
2014, Ecology and Evolution (4) 1659-1670
Understanding the biology and conducting effective conservation of migratory species requires an understanding of migratory connectivity – the geographic linkages of populations between stages of the annual cycle. Unfortunately, for most species, we are lacking such information. The North American Bird Banding Laboratory (BBL) houses an extensive database of marking,...
Brittle deformation and slope failure at the North Menan Butte tuff cone, Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho
Chris H. Okubo
2014, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (278–279) 86-95
The manifestation of brittle deformation within inactive slumps along the North Menan Butte, a basaltic tuff cone in the Eastern Snake River Plain, is investigated through field and laboratory studies. Microstructural observations indicate that brittle strain is localized along deformation bands, a class of structural discontinuity that is predominant within...
Historic impact of watershed change and sedimentation to reefs along west-central Guam
Nancy G. Prouty, Curt D. Storlazzi, Amanda L. McCutcheon, John W. Jenson
2014, Coral Reefs (33) 733-749
Using coral growth parameters (extension, density, calcification rates, and luminescence) and geochemical measurements (barium to calcium rations; Ba/Ca) from coral cores collected in west-central Guam, we provide a historic perspective on sediment input to coral reefs adjacent to the Piti-Asan watershed. The months of August through December are dominated by...
Arthropod community structure on bark of koa (Acacia koa) and ʻōhiʻā (Metrosideros polymorpha) at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawaiʻi Island, Hawaiʻi
Robert W. Peck, Paul C. Banko, Matt Stelmach
2014, Report, Hawai�i Cooperative Studies Unit Technical Report
The arthropod community associated with tree bark contains a wide variety of taxa but is poorly described, particularly in Hawaiʽi. Our overall goals were to evaluate the abundance of arthropods available to foraging birds and how variation in bark substrates may contribute to arthropod distributions in native forests. Our study...
Platinum-group elements in southern Africa: mineral inventory and an assessment of undiscovered mineral resources
Michael L. Zientek, J. Douglas Causey, Heather L. Parks, Robert J. Miller
2014, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5090-Q
The platinum-group elements, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, and osmium, possess unique physical and chemical characteristics that make them indispensable to modern technology and industry. However, mineral deposits that are the main sources of these elements occur only in three countries in the world, raising concerns about potential disruption in...
Impact of stressors on transmission potential of Renibacterium salmoninarum in Chinook salmon
Maureen K. Purcell, James R. Winton
2014, Report
Renibacterium salmoninarum is the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) affecting several species of Pacific salmon. The severity of BKD can range from a chronic infection to overt disease with high mortality as in the case of large losses of adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Great Lakes...
The behavioural response of adult Petromyzon marinus to damage-released alarm and predator cues
István Imre, Richard Di Rocco, Cowan Belanger, Grant Brown, Nicholas S. Johnson
2014, Journal of Fish Biology (84) 1490-1502
Using semi‐natural enclosures, this study investigated (1) whether adult sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus show avoidance of damage‐released conspecific cues, damage‐released heterospecific cues and predator cues and (2) whether this is a general response to injured heterospecific fishes or a specific response to injured P. marinus. Ten replicate groups of 10 adult P. marinus, separated...
Cross-ecosystem impacts of stream pollution reduce resource and contaminant flux to riparian food webs
Johanna M. Kraus, Travis S. Schmidt, David Walters, Richard B. Wanty, Robert E. Zuellig, Ruth E. Wolf
2014, Ecological Applications (24) 235-243
The effects of aquatic contaminants are propagated across ecosystem boundaries by aquatic insects that export resources and contaminants to terrestrial food webs; however, the mechanisms driving these effects are poorly understood. We examined how emergence, contaminant concentration, and total contaminant flux by adult aquatic insects changed over a gradient of...
Progress in data collection and dissemination in water resources – 1974-2014
Jerad D. Bales
2014, Water Resources Impact (16) 18-23
In the 50 years since the founding of the American Water Resources Association (AWRA), there has been tremendous and likely unforeseen progress in water-re- sources data collection and dissemination. Langford and Doyel (1974) (henceforth L&D) described progress during the decade following the founding of AWRA, and focused their description around...
Surface‐wave Green’s tensors in the near field
Matthew M. Haney, Hisashi Nakahara
2014, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (104) 1578-1586
We demonstrate the connection between theoretical expressions for the correlation of ambient noise Rayleigh and Love waves and the exact surface‐wave Green’s tensors for a point force. The surface‐wave Green’s tensors are well known in the far‐field limit. On the other hand, the imaginary part of the exact Green’s tensors,...
An intercomparison of three methods for the large-scale isolation of oceanic dissolved organic matter
Nelson W. Green, E. Michael Perdue, George R. Aiken, Kenna D. Butler, Hongmei Chen, Thorsten Dittmar, Jutta Niggemann, Aron Stubbins
2014, Marine Chemistry (161) 14-19
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) was isolated from large volumes of deep (674 m) and surface (21 m) ocean water via reverse osmosis/electrodialysis (RO/ED) and two solid-phase extraction (SPE) methods (XAD-8/4 and PPL) at the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority (NELHA). By applying the three methods to common water samples, the efficiencies...
Using cumulative diet data and stable isotope analysis to determine trophic position of walleye Sander vitreus in a large, complex system
Mark J. Fincel, Daniel A. James, Steven R. Chipps, Blake A. Davis
2014, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (29) 441-447
Diet studies have traditionally been used to determine prey use and food web dynamics, while stable isotope analysis provides for a time-integrated approach to evaluate food web dynamics and characterize energy flow in aquatic systems. Direct comparison of the two techniques is rare and difficult to conduct in large, species...
Relationships among walleye population characteristics and genetic diversity in northern Wisconsin Lakes
Matthew D. Waterhouse, Brian L. Sloss, Daniel A. Isermann
2014, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (143) 744-756
The maintenance of genetic integrity is an important goal of fisheries management, yet little is known regarding the effects of management actions (e.g., stocking, harvest regulations) on the genetic diversity of many important fish species. Furthermore, relationships between population characteristics and genetic diversity remain poorly understood. We examined relationships among...
Interacting effects of discharge and channel morphology on transport of semibuoyant fish eggs in large, altered river systems
Thomas A. Worthington, Shannon K. Brewer, Nicole Farless, Timothy B. Grabowski, Mark S. Gregory
2014, PLoS ONE (9)
Habitat fragmentation and flow regulation are significant factors related to the decline and extinction of freshwater biota. Pelagic-broadcast spawning cyprinids require moving water and some length of unfragmented stream to complete their life cycle. However, it is unknown how discharge and habitat features interact at multiple spatial scales to alter...
Suitability of coastal marshes as Whooping Crane (Grus americana) foraging habitat in southwest Louisiana, USA
Sung-Ryong Kang, Sammy L. King
2014, Waterbirds (37) 254-263
Foraging habitat conditions (i.e., water depth, prey biomass, digestible energy density) can be a significant predictor of foraging habitat selection by wading birds. Potential foraging habitats of Whooping Cranes (Grus americana) using marshes include ponds and emergent marsh, but the potential prey and energy availability in these habitat types have...
Climate, not atmospheric deposition, drives the biogeochemical mass-balance of a mountain watershed
Jill S. Baron, Jared Heath
2014, Aquatic Geochemistry (20) 167-181
Watershed mass-balance methods are valuable tools for demonstrating impacts to water quality from atmospheric deposition and chemical weathering. Owen Bricker, a pioneer of the mass-balance method, began applying mass-balance modeling to small watersheds in the late 1960s and dedicated his career to expanding the literature and knowledge of complex watershed...
Genomic characterization of H14 subtype influenza A viruses in New World waterfowl and experimental infectivity in mallards Anas platyrhynchos
Andrew M. Ramey, Rebecca L. Poulson, Ana S. Gonzalez-Reiche, Daniel R. Perez, David E. Stalknecht, Justin D. Brown
2014, PLoS ONE (9)
Recent repeated isolation of H14 hemagglutinin subtype influenza A viruses (IAVs) in the New World waterfowl provides evidence to suggest that host and/or geographic ranges for viruses of this subtype may be expanding. In this study, we used genomic analyses to gain inference on the origin and evolution of H14...
Influence of whitebark pine decline on fall habitat use and movements of grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
Cecily M. Costello, Frank T. van Manen, Mark A. Haroldson, Michael R. Ebinger, Steven L. Cain, Kerry A. Gunther, Daniel D. Bjornlie
2014, Ecology and Evolution (4) 2004-2018
When abundant, seeds of the high-elevation whitebark pine (WBP; Pinus albicaulis) are an important fall food for grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Rates of bear mortality and bear/human conflicts have been inversely associated with WBP productivity. Recently, mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae) have killed many cone-producing WBP...
Re-evaluation of Yellowstone grizzly bear population dynamics not supported by empirical data: response to Doak & Cutler
Frank T. van Manen, Michael R. Ebinger, Mark A. Haroldson, Richard B. Harris, Megan D. Higgs, Steve Cherry, Gary C. White, Charles C. Schwartz
2014, Conservation Letters (7) 323-331
Doak and Cutler critiqued methods used by the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team (IGBST) to estimate grizzly bear population size and trend in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Here, we focus on the premise, implementation, and interpretation of simulations they used to support their arguments. They argued that population increases documented...
Nearshore energy subsidies support Lake Michigan fishes and invertebrates following major changes in food web structure
Benjamin A. Turschak, David B. Bunnell, Sergiusz J. Czesny, Tomas O. Hook, John Janssen, David M. Warner, Harvey A. Bootsma
2014, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics (95) 1243-1252
Aquatic food webs that incorporate multiple energy channels (e.g. nearshore benthic or pelagic) with varying productivity and turnover rates convey stability to biological communities by providing multiple independent energy sources. Within the Lake Michigan food web, invasive dreissenid mussels have caused rapid changes to food web structure and potentially altered...
