Generalisation operators
Larry V. Stanislawski, Barbara P. Buttenfield, Pia Bereuter, Sandro Savino, Cynthia A. Brewer
Dirk Burghardt, Cecile Duchene, William Mackaness, editor(s)
2014, Book chapter, Abstracting geographic information in a data rich world
This chapter summarises cartographic generalisation operators used to generalise geospatial data. It includes a review of recent approaches that have been tested or implemented to generalise networks, points, or groups. Emphasis is placed on recent advances that permit additional flexibility to tailor generalisation processing in particular geographic contexts, and to...
Growth and survival of sea lampreys from metamorphosis to spawning in Lake Huron
William D. Swink, Nicholas S. Johnson
2014, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (143) 380-386
Larval Sea Lampreys Petromyzon marinus live burrowed in stream bottoms and then metamorphose into their parasitic stage. Among larvae that metamorphose in a given year (i.e., parasitic cohort), autumn out-migrants (October–December) to the Laurentian Great Lakes can feed on fish for up to 6 months longer than spring outmigrants (March–May),...
Consuming fire ants reduces northern bobwhite survival and weight gain
P.E. Myers, Craig R. Allen, Hannah E. Birge
2014, Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology (30) 49-58
Northern bobwhite quail, Colinus virginianus (L.) (Galliformes: Odontophoridae), population declines are well documented, but pinpointing the reasons for these decreases has proven elusive. Bobwhite population declines are attributed primarily to loss of habitat and land use changes. This, however, does not entirely explain population declines in areas intensively managed for...
Transport and retention of vertically migrating adult mysid and decapod shrimp in the tidal front on Georges Bank
R. Gregory Lough, Alfredo L. Aretxabaleta
2014, Marine Ecology Progress Series (514) 119-135
Vertical profiles of the adult epibenthic shrimp Neomysis americana and Crangon septemspinosus obtained during June 1985 were used to simulate possible rates of ascent from bottom (40 to 50 m) to near surface at night and return by day, and the consequence of these rates on their horizontal distribution. Numerical...
Presence of the Corexit component dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate in Gulf of Mexico waters after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill
James L. Gray, Leslie K. Kanagy, Edward T. Furlong, Chris J. Kanagy, Jeff W. McCoy, Andrew Mason, Gunnar Lauenstein
2014, Chemosphere (95) 124-130
Between April 22 and July 15, 2010, approximately 4.9 million barrels of oil were released into the Gulf of Mexico from the Deepwater Horizon oil well. Approximately 16% of the oil was chemically dispersed, at the surface and at 1500 m depth, using Corexit 9527 and Corexit 9500, which contain...
Microbiological reduction of Sb(V) in anoxic freshwater sediments
Ronald S. Oremland, Thomas R. Kulp, Laurence G. Miller, Franco Braiotta, Samuel M. Webb, Benjamin D Kocar, Jodi S. Blum
2014, Environmental Science & Technology (48) 218-226
Microbiological reduction of millimolar concentrations of Sb(V) to Sb(III) was observed in anoxic sediments from two freshwater settings: (1) a Sb- and As-contaminated mine site (Stibnite Mine) in central Idaho and 2) an uncontaminated suburban lake (Searsville Lake) in the San Francisco Bay Area. Rates of Sb(V) reduction in anoxic...
Inference of strata separation and gas emission paths in longwall overburden using continuous wavelet transform of well logs and geostatistical simulation
C. Ozgen Karacan, Ricardo A. Olea
2014, Journal of Applied Geophysics (105) 147-158
Prediction of potential methane emission pathways from various sources into active mine workings or sealed gobs from longwall overburden is important for controlling methane and for improving mining safety. The aim of this paper is to infer strata separation intervals and thus gas emission pathways from standard well log...
Partners in amphibian and reptile conservation 2013 annual report
Paulette M. Conrad, Linda A. Weir, Priya Nanjappa, editor(s)
2014, Annual Report 4
Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation (PARC) was established in 1999 to address the widespread declines, extinctions, and range reductions of amphibians and reptiles, with a focus on conservation of taxa and habitats in North America. Amphibians and reptiles are affected by a broad range of human activities, both as...
A bootstrap estimation scheme for chemical compositional data with nondetects
Javier Palarea-Albaladejo, J.A Martin-Fernandez, Ricardo A. Olea
2014, Journal of Chemometrics (28) 585-599
The bootstrap method is commonly used to estimate the distribution of estimators and their associated uncertainty when explicit analytic expressions are not available or are difficult to obtain. It has been widely applied in environmental and geochemical studies, where the data generated often represent parts of whole, typically chemical concentrations....
Distribution of soil organic carbon in the conterminous United States
Norman B. Bliss, Sharon Waltman, Larry T. West, Anne Neale, Megan Mehaffey
Alfred E. Hartemink, Kevin M. McSweeney, editor(s)
2014, Book chapter, Soil Carbon
The U.S. Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database provides detailed soil mapping for most of the conterminous United States (CONUS). These data have been used to formulate estimates of soil carbon stocks, and have been useful for environmental models, including plant productivity models, hydrologic models, and ecological models for studies of...
The role of defensible space for residential structure protection during wildfires
Alexandra D. Syphard, Teresa J. Brennan, Jon E. Keeley
2014, International Journal of Wildland Fire (23) 1165-1175
With the potential for worsening fire conditions, discussion is escalating over how to best reduce effects on urban communities. A widely supported strategy is the creation of defensible space immediately surrounding homes and other structures. Although state and local governments publish specific guidelines and requirements, there is little empirical evidence...
Habitat and food preferences of the endangered Palila (Loxioides bailleui) on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i
Steven C. Hess, Paul C. Banko, Linda J. Miller, Leona P. Laniawe
2014, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (126) 728-738
Seeds and flowers of the leguminous māmane (Sophora chrysophylla) tree are the primary food resource of the federally endangered Palila (Loxioides bailleui; Fringillidae: Drepanidinae), which is now restricted to dry subalpine woodland on Mauna Kea Volcano on the island of Hawai'i because of centuries of habitat degradation by non-native ungulates....
Temperature sensitivity of organic-matter decay in tidal marshes
Matthew L. Kirwan, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, J.A. Langley
2014, Biogeosciences (11) 4801-4808
Approximately half of marine carbon sequestration takes place in coastal wetlands, including tidal marshes, where organic matter contributes to soil elevation and ecosystem persistence in the face of sea-level rise. The long-term viability of marshes and their carbon pools depends, in part, on how the balance between productivity and decay...
A simple headspace equilibration method for measuring dissolved methane
C Magen, L. L. Lapham, John W. Pohlman, Kristin N. Marshall, S. Bosman, Michael Casso, J. P. Chanton
2014, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods (12) 637-650
Dissolved methane concentrations in the ocean are close to equilibrium with the atmosphere. Because methane is only sparingly soluble in seawater, measuring it without contamination is challenging for samples collected and processed in the presence of air. Several methods for analyzing dissolved methane are described in the literature, yet none...
Holocene and latest Pleistocene paleoseismology of the Salt Lake City segment of the Wasatch Fault Zone, Utah, at the Penrose Drive Trench Site
Christopher B. DuRoss, Michael D. Hylland, Greg N. McDonald, Anthony J. Crone, Stephen F. Personius, Ryan D. Gold, Shannon Mahan
2014, Report, Evaluating surface faulting chronologies of Graben-Bounding Faults in Salt Lake Valley, Utah: new paleoseismic data from the Salt Lake City segment of the Wasatch Fault Zone and the West Valley Fault Zone
The Salt Lake City segment (SLCS) of the Wasatch fault zone (WFZ) and the West Valley fault zone (WVFZ) compromise Holocene-active normal faults that bound a large intrabasin graben in northern Salt Lake Valley and have evidence of recurrent, large-magnitude (M ~6-7) surface-faulting earthquakes. However, at the time of this...
Southern San Andreas Fault evaluation field activity: approaches to measuring small geomorphic offsets--challenges and recommendations for active fault studies
Katherine M. Scharer, J. Barrett Salisbury, J. Ramon Arrowsmith, Thomas K. Rockwell
2014, Seismological Research Letters (85) 68-76
In southern California, where fast slip rates and sparse vegetation contribute to crisp expression of faults and microtopography, field and high‐resolution topographic data (<1 m/pixel) increasingly are used to investigate the mark left by large earthquakes on the landscape (e.g., Zielke et al., 2010; Zielke et al., 2012; Salisbury, Rockwell, et...
Transcriptome resources for the frogs Lithobates clamitans and Pseudacris regilla, emphasizing antimicrobial peptides and conserved loci for phylogenetics
Laura S. Robertson, Robert S. Cornman
2014, Molecular Ecology Resources (14) 178-183
We developed genetic resources for two North American frogs, Lithobates clamitans and Pseudacris regilla, widespread native amphibians that are potential indicator species of environmental health. For both species, mRNA from multiple tissues was sequenced using 454 technology. De novo assemblies with Mira3 resulted in 50 238 contigs (N50 = 687...
Yellowstone grizzly bear investigations—Annual report of the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team 2013
Frank T. van Manen, Mark A. Haroldson, Karrie West, Suzanna C. Soileau, editor(s)
2014, Report
This Annual Report summarizes results of grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) monitoring and research conducted in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) by the Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team (IGBST) during 2013. The report also contains a summary of nuisance grizzly bear management actions. ...
Ancient aqueous environments at Endeavour crater, Mars
R. E. Arvidson, S. W. Squyres, J.F. Bell III, J.G. Catalano, B. C. Clark, L.S. Crumpler, P.A. de Souza Jr., A.G. Fairén, W. H. Farrand, V.K. Fox, Ralf Gellert, A. Ghosh, M.P. Golombeck, J.P. Grotzinger, E.A. Guinness, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, B.L. Jolliff, A.H. Knoll, R. Li, S. M. McLennan, D. W. Ming, D. W. Mittlefehldt, Johnnie N. Moore, R.V. Morris, S.L. Murchie, T. J. Parker, G. Paulsen, J.W. Rice, S. W. Ruff, M. D. Smith, M.J. Wolff
2014, Science (343)
Opportunity has investigated in detail rocks on the rim of the Noachian age Endeavour crater, where orbital spectral reflectance signatures indicate the presence of Fe+3-rich smectites. The signatures are associated with fine-grained, layered rocks containing spherules of diagenetic or impact origin. The layered rocks are overlain by breccias, and both...
Vegetation classification and mapping Vicksburg National Military Park, Mississippi
C. Lea, B. Waltermire, C. Nordman
2014, Report
No abstract available....
Movements and activity of juvenile Brown Treesnakes (Boiga irregularis)
Bjorn Lardner, Julie A. Savidge, Robert N. Reed, Gordon H. Rodda
2014, Copeia (2014) 428-436
Understanding the spatial ecology and foraging strategy of invasive animals is essential for success in control or eradication. We studied movements and activity in juvenile Brown Treesnakes on Guam, as this population segment has proven particularly difficult to control. Distance between daytime refugia (from telemetry of 18 juveniles, 423-800 mm...
Uranium-series ages of corals, sea level history, and palaeozoogeography, Canary Islands, Spain: an exploratory study for two Quaternary interglacial periods
Daniel R. Muhs, Joaquin Meco, Kathleen R. Simmons
2014, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (394) 99-118
We present the first U-series ages of corals from emergent marine deposits on the Canary Islands. Deposits at + 20 m are 481 ± 39 ka, possibly correlative to marine isotope stage (or MIS) 11, while those at + 12 and + 8 m are 120.5 ± 0.8 ka and...
Mountain plover nest survival in relation to prairie dog and fire dynamics in shortgrass steppe
David J. Augustine, Susan K. Skagen
2014, Journal of Wildlife Management (78) 595-602
Disturbed xeric grasslands with short, sparse vegetation provide breeding habitat for mountain plovers (Charadrius montanus) across the western Great Plains. Maintaining local disturbance regimes through prairie dog conservation and prescribed fire may contribute to the sustainability of recently declining mountain plover populations, but these management approaches can be controversial. We...
Wintering ecology of adult North American ospreys
Brian E. Washburn, Mark S. Martell, Richard O. Bierregaard Jr., Charles J. Henny, Brian S. Dorr, Thomas J. Olexa
2014, Journal of Raptor Research (48) 325-333
North American Ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) typically migrate long distances to their wintering grounds in the tropics. Beyond the general distribution of their wintering range (i.e., the Caribbean, South America, and Central America), very little is known about the wintering ecology of these birds. We used satellite telemetry to determine the...
Space use of wintering waterbirds in India: Influence of trophic ecology on home-range size
Tsewang Namgail, John Y. Takekawa, Sivananinthaperumal Balachandran, Ponnusamy Sathiyaselvam, Taej Mundkur, Scott H. Newman
2014, Current Zoology (60) 616-621
Relationship between species' home range and their other biological traits remains poorly understood, especially in migratory birds due to the difficulty associated with tracking them. Advances in satellite telemetry and remote sensing techniques have proved instrumental in overcoming such challenges. We studied the space use of migratory ducks through satellite...
