Observations of debris flows at Chalk Cliffs, Colorado, USA: Part 2, changes in surface morphometry from terrestrial laser scanning in the summer of 2009
Dennis M. Staley, Thad A. Wasklewicz, Jeffrey A. Coe, Jason W. Kean, Scott W. McCoy, Greg E. Tucker
2011, Italian Journal of Engineering Geology and Environment 759-768
High resolution topographic data that quantify changes in channel form caused by sequential debris flows in natural channels are rare at the reach scale. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) techniques are utilized to capture morphological changes brought about by a high-frequency of debris-flow events at Chalk Cliffs, Colorado. The purpose of...
Strontium
M.A. Angulo
2011, Mining Engineering (63) 98-99
In 2010, U.S. apparent consumption of strontium (contained in celestite and manufactured strontium compounds) decreased by 11 percent to 10.4 kt (11,460 st) from 11.8 kt (13,000 st) in 2009. Gross weight of imports totaled 20.9 kt (23,000 st), of which 65 percent originated from Mexico....
Mineral resource of the month: molybdenum
Desire E. Polyak
2011, Earth (56) 25-25
The article offers information about the mineral molybdenum. Sources includes byproduct or coproduct copper-molybdenum deposits in the Western Cordillera of North and South America. Among the uses of molybdenum are stainless steel applications, as an alloy material for manufacturing vessels and as lubricants, pigments or chemicals. Also noted is the...
Characterization of the Sonoran desert as a radiometric calibration target for Earth observing sensors
Amit Angal, Gyanesh Chander, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Tae-young Choi, Aisheng Wu
2011, Journal of Applied Remote Sensing (5)
To provide highly accurate quantitative measurements of the Earth's surface, a comprehensive calibration and validation of the satellite sensors is required. The NASA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Characterization Support Team, in collaboration with United States Geological Survey, Earth Resources Observation and Science Center, has previously demonstrated the use of...
The impact of the 2009-10 El Niño Modoki on U.S. West Coast beaches
Patrick L. Barnard, Jonathan Allan, Jeff E. Hansen, George M. Kaminsky, Peter Ruggiero, André Doria
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
High-resolution beach morphology data collected along much of the U.S. West Coast are synthesized to evaluate the coastal impacts of the 2009–10 El Niño. Coastal change observations were collected as part of five beach monitoring programs that span between 5 and 13 years in duration. In California, regional wave and...
Contexts for change in alpine tundra
George P. Malanson, Jonathan P. Rose, P. Jason Schroeder, Daniel B. Fagre
2011, Physical Geography (32) 97-113
Because alpine tundra is responding to climate change, a need exists to understand the meaning of observed changes. To provide context for such interpretation, the relevance of niche and neutral theories of biogeography and the continuum and classification approaches to biogeographic description are assessed. Two extensive studies of alpine tundra,...
Biogeochemical evolution of a landfill leachate plume, Norman, Oklahoma
Isabelle M. Cozzarelli, J.K. Bohlke, Jason R. Masoner, George N. Breit, Michelle M. Lorah, Michele L. Tuttle, Jeanne B. Jaeschke
2011, Ground Water (49) 663-687
Leachate from municipal landfills can create groundwater contaminant plumes that may last for decades to centuries. The fate of reactive contaminants in leachate-affected aquifers depends on the sustainability of biogeochemical processes affecting contaminant transport. Temporal variations in the configuration of redox zones downgradient from the Norman Landfill were studied for...
Guidelines and recommended terms for expression of stable-isotope-ratio and gas-ratio measurement results
Tyler B. Coplen
2011, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (25) 2538-2560
To minimize confusion in the expression of measurement results of stable isotope and gas-ratio measurements, recommendations based on publications of the Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) are presented. Whenever feasible, entries are consistent with the Système International d'Unités,...
Saline lakes of the glaciated Northern Great Plains
David M. Mushet
2011, Lakeline (31) 31-35
Unless you have flown over the region or seen aerial photographs, it is hard to grasp the scale of the millions of lakes and wetlands that dot the prairie landscape of the glaciated Northern Great Plains (Figure 1). This region of abundant aquatic habitats within a grassland matrix provides for...
Nitrogen
L.E. Apodaca
2011, Mining Engineering (63) 85-86
Ammonia was produced by 12 companies at 24 plants in 16 states in the United States during 2010. Sixty percent of total U.S. ammonia production capacity was centered in Louisiana, Oklahoma and Texas because of those states' large reserves of natural gas, the dominant domestic feedstock....
Exploration review
D.R. Wilburn, R.L. Vasil, A. Nolting
2011, Mining Engineering (63) 58-75
This summary of international mineral exploration activities for the year 2010 draws upon available information from industry sources, published literature and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) specialists. The summary provides data on exploration budgets by region and mineral commodity, identifies significant mineral discoveries and areas of mineral exploration, discusses government programs...
Evolution of natural history information in the 21st century – developing an integrated framework for biological and geographical data
Deborah A. Reusser, Henry Lee II
2011, Journal of Biogeography (38) 1225-1239
Threats to marine and estuarine species operate over many spatial scales, from nutrient enrichment at the watershed/estuarine scale to invasive species and climate change at regional and global scales. To help address research questions across these scales, we provide here a standardized framework for a biogeographical information system containing queriable...
Pumice, pumicite review
R.D. Crangle Jr.
2011, Mining Engineering (63) 18-18
The article focuses on the industrial mineral pumice. It mentions the estimated production of pumice in the U.S. in 2010, price range, and total U.S. exports and imports. Described as an igneous volcanic rock, pumice has low density which allows it float on water and porous enough to be used...
Fluorspar
M.M. Miller
2011, Mining Engineering (63) 61-63
World fluorspar demand showed some signs of recovery in 2010 but was still depressed compared with 2008. In 2010, nearly all fluorspar (CaF[sub2]) consumption in the United States was from imports. Hastie Mining and Trucking Co. produced some fluorspar as a byproduct from its limestone quarry operations in Illinois. In...
Industrial garnet
D.W. Olson
2011, Mining Engineering (63) 71-72
Garnet has been used as a gemstone since the Bronze Age. However, garnet's angular fractures, relatively high hardness and specific gravity, chemical inertness and nontoxicity make it ideal for many industrial applications. It is also free of crystalline silica and can be recycled....
Gemstones
D.W. Olson
2011, Mining Engineering (63) 64-65
The estimated value of natural gemstones produced from U.S. deposits during 2010 was $8.5 million, a slight increase from 2009. U.S. gemstone production included agate, amber, beryl, coral, garnet, jade, jasper, opal, pearl, quartz, sapphire, shell, topaz, tourmaline, turquoise and many other gem materials....
Geologic map of the Gass Peak SW quadrangle, Clark County, Nevada
Alan R. Ramelli, William R. Page, Craig R. Manker, Kathleen B. Springer
2011, Map 175
No abstract available....
A previously unreported locality record for the Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum)
Jeff Lovich, Gordon Haxel
2011, Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences (110) 59-62
Although the Gila Monster (Heloderma suspectum) is widely distributed throughout the Sonoran and portions of the Mojave Deserts of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, details of its distribution in California are imperfectly known, due to the apparent rarity of the species in that state. In their review of...
Estimating the hatchery fraction of a natural population: a Bayesian approach
Jarrett J. Barber, Kenneth G. Gerow, Patrick J. Connolly, Sarabdeep Singh
2011, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (31) 934-942
There is strong and growing interest in estimating the proportion of hatchery fish that are in a natural population (the hatchery fraction). In a sample of fish from the relevant population, some are observed to be marked, indicating their origin as hatchery fish. The observed proportion of marked fish is...
Bioenergetics in ecosystems
Charles P. Madenjian
Anthony P. Farrell, editor(s)
2011, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of fish physiology: from genome to environment
A bioenergetics model for a fish can be defined as a quantitative description of the fish’s energy budget. Bioenergetics modeling can be applied to a fish population in a lake, river, or ocean to estimate the annual consumption of food by the fish population; such applications have proved to be...
Variations in eruption style during the 1931 A.D. eruption of Aniakchak volcano, Alaska
Robert S. Nicholson, James E. Gardner, Christina A. Neal
2011, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (207) 69-82
The 1931 A.D. eruption of Aniakchak volcano, Alaska, progressed from subplinian to effusive eruptive style and from trachydacite to basaltic andesite composition from multiple vent locations. Eyewitness accounts and new studies of deposit stratigraphy provide a combined narrative of eruptive events. Additional field, compositional, grain size, componentry, density, and grain...
Nature's Notebook 2010: Data & participant summary
Theresa Crimmins, Alyssa H. Rosemartin, R. Lee Marsh, Ellen G. Denny, Carolyn A.F. Enquist, Jake F. Weltzin
2011, USA-NPN Technical Series 2011-001
The USA National Phenology Network (USA‐NPN) seeks to engage volunteer observers to collect phenology observations of plants and animals using consistent standards and to contribute to the USANPN National Phenology Database (NPDb). The commencement of 2010 marked the second functional year of Nature’s Notebook, the online phenology observation program developed by...
Methane hydrates and the future of natural gas
Carolyn Ruppel
2011, Report, The future of natural gas: an interdisciplinary MIT study
For decades, gas hydrates have been discussed as a potential resource, particularly for countries with limited access to conventional hydrocarbons or a strategic interest in establishing alternative, unconventional gas reserves. Methane has never been produced from gas hydrates at a commercial scale and, barring major changes in the...
Lake sturgeon response to a spawning reef constructed in the Detroit river
Edward F. Roseman, B. Manny, J. Boase, M. Child, G. Kennedy, J. Craig, K. Soper, R. Drouin
2011, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (27) 66-76
Prior to the First World War, the bi-national Detroit River provided vast areas of functional fish spawning and nursery habitat. However, ongoing conflicting human uses of these waters for activities such as waste disposal, water withdrawals, shoreline development, shipping, recreation, and fishing have altered many of the chemical, physical, and...
Landscape models of brook trout abundance and distribution in lotic habitat with field validation
James E. McKenna Jr., James H. Johnson
2011, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (31) 742-756
Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis are native fish in decline owing to environmental changes. Predictions of their potential distribution and a better understanding of their relationship to habitat conditions would enhance the management and conservation of this valuable species. We used over 7,800 brook trout observations throughout New York State and...
