In situ rates of sulfate reduction in response to geochemical perturbations
T.A. Kneeshaw, J.T. McGuire, Isabelle M. Cozzarelli, E.W. Smith
2011, Ground Water (49) 903-913
Rates of in situ microbial sulfate reduction in response to geochemical perturbations were determined using Native Organism Geochemical Experimentation Enclosures (NOGEEs), a new in situ technique developed to facilitate evaluation of controls on microbial reaction rates. NOGEEs function by first trapping a native microbial community in situ and then subjecting...
Implications of chronic wasting disease, cougar predation, and reduced recruitment for elk management
G.A. Sargeant, D.C. Weber, D.E. Roddy
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 171-177
Emerging diseases and expanding carnivore populations may have profound implications for ungulate harvest management and population regulation. To better understand effects of chronic wasting disease (CWD) and cougar (Puma concolor) predation, we studied mortality and recruitment of elk (Cervus elaphus) at Wind Cave National Park (WICA) during 2005-2009. We marked...
Short-term sandbar variability based on video imagery: Comparison between Time-Average and Time-Variance techniques
R.M.C. Guedes, L.J. Calliari, K. T. Holland, N.G. Plant, P.S. Pereira, F.N.A. Alves
2011, Marine Geology (289) 122-134
Time–exposure intensity (averaged) images are commonly used to locate the nearshore sandbar position (xb), based on the cross-shore locations of maximum pixel intensity (xi) of the bright bands in the images. It is not known, however, how the breaking patterns seen in Variance images (i.e. those created through standard deviation of pixel intensity...
Climate change, uncertainty, and natural resource management
J.D. Nichols, M.D. Koneff, P.J. Heglund, M. G. Knutson, M.E. Seamans, J. E. Lyons, J.M. Morton, M.T. Jones, G.S. Boomer, B. Kenneth Williams
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 6-18
Climate change and its associated uncertainties are of concern to natural resource managers. Although aspects of climate change may be novel (e.g., system change and nonstationarity), natural resource managers have long dealt with uncertainties and have developed corresponding approaches to decision-making. Adaptive resource management is an application of structured decision-making...
Recovery and reprocessing of legacy geophysical data from the archives of the State Company of Geology and Mining (GEOSURV) of Iraq and Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC)
David V. Smith, Benjamin J. Drenth, J.D. Fairhead, K. Lei, J.A. Dark, K. Al-Bassam
2011, SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts (30) 856-860
Aeromagnetic data belonging to the State Company of Geology and Mining of Iraq (GEOSURV) have been recovered from magnetic tapes and early paper maps. In 1974 a national airborne survey was flown by the French firm Compagnie General de Geophysique (CGG). Following the survey the magnetic data were stored on...
Managing and learning with multiple models: Objectives and optimization algorithms
William J. M. Probert, C.E. Hauser, E. McDonald-Madden, M.C. Runge, P.W.J. Baxter, H.P. Possingham
2011, Biological Conservation (144) 1237-1245
The quality of environmental decisions should be gauged according to managers' objectives. Management objectives generally seek to maximize quantifiable measures of system benefit, for instance population growth rate. Reaching these goals often requires a certain degree of learning about the system. Learning can occur by using management action in combination...
Lagrangian mass-flow investigations of inorganic contaminants in wastewater-impacted streams
L. B. Barber, Ronald C. Antweiler, J.L. Flynn, S.H. Keefe, D.W. Kolpin, D.A. Roth, D.J. Schnoebelen, Howard E. Taylor, P. L. Verplanck
2011, Environmental Science & Technology (45) 2575-2583
Understanding the potential effects of increased reliance on wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents to meet municipal, agricultural, and environmental flow requires an understanding of the complex chemical loading characteristics of the WWTPs and the assimilative capacity of receiving waters. Stream ecosystem effects are linked to proportions of WWTP effluent under...
U.S. Department of Energy's regional carbon sequestration partnership initiative: Update on validation and development phases
T. Rodosta, J. Litynski, S. Plasynski, L. Spangler, R. Finley, E. Steadman, D. Ball, H. Gerald, B. McPherson, E. Burton, D. Vikara
2011, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is the lead federal agency for the development and deployment of carbon sequestration technologies. The Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) are the mechanism DOE utilizes to prove the technology and to develop human capital, stakeholder networks, information for regulatory policy, best practices documents and...
Loss of volatile hydrocarbons from an LNAPL oil source
Mary Jo Baedecker, Robert P. Eganhouse, Barbara A. Bekins, Geoffrey N. Delin
2011, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (126) 140-152
The light nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) oil pool in an aquifer that resulted from a pipeline spill near Bemidji, Minnesota, was analyzed for volatile hydrocarbons (VHCs) to determine if the composition of the oil remains constant over time. Oil samples were obtained from wells at five locations in the oil...
Probabilistic estimates of number of undiscovered deposits and their total tonnages in permissive tracts using deposit densities
Donald A. Singer, Ryoichi Kouda
2011, Natural Resources Research (20) 89-93
Empirical evidence indicates that processes affecting number and quantity of resources in geologic settings are very general across deposit types. Sizes of permissive tracts that geologically could contain the deposits are excellent predictors of numbers of deposits. In addition, total ore tonnage of mineral deposits of a particular type...
Terrestrial, benthic, and pelagic resource use in lakes: Results from a three-isotope Bayesian mixing model
C.T. Solomon, S.R. Carpenter, M.K. Clayton, J. J. Cole, J.J. Coloso, M. L. Pace, M. J. Vander Zanden, B.C. Weidel
2011, Ecology (92) 1115-1125
Fluxes of organic matter across habitat boundaries are common in food webs. These fluxes may strongly influence community dynamics, depending on the extent to which they are used by consumers. Yet understanding of basal resource use by consumers is limited, because describing trophic pathways in complex food webs is difficult....
Precision of two methods for estimating age from burbot otoliths
W.H. Edwards, M.A. Stapanian, A.T. Stoneman
2011, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (27) 43-48
Lower reproductive success and older age structure are associated with many burbot (Lota lota L.) populations that are declining or of conservation concern. Therefore, reliable methods for estimating the age of burbot are critical for effective assessment and management. In Lake Erie, burbot populations have declined in recent years due...
Channel evolution on the dammed Elwha River, Washington, USA
A.E. Draut, J.B. Logan, M. C. Mastin
2011, Geomorphology (127) 71-87
Like many rivers in the western U.S., the Elwha River, Washington, has changed substantially over the past century in response to natural and human forcing. The lower river is affected by two upstream dams that are slated for removal as part of a major river restoration effort. In preparation for...
Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils
R. M. Webb, Mark W. Sandstrom, L.J. Krutz, D. L. Shaner
2011, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (30) 1973-1981
In the present study a branched serial first‐order decay (BSFOD) model is presented and used to derive transformation rates describing the decay of a common herbicide, atrazine, and its metabolites observed in unsaturated soils adapted to previous atrazine applications and in soils with no history of atrazine applications. Calibration of...
Factors controlling the early stages of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia epizootics: Low exposure levels, virus amplification and fish-to-fish transmission
P.K. Hershberger, J.L. Gregg, C.A. Grady, L.M. Hart, S.R. Roon, J. R. Winton
2011, Journal of Fish Diseases (34) 893-899
Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, Genogroup IVa (VHSV), was highly infectious to Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii (Valenciennes), even at exposure doses occurring below the threshold of sensitivity for a standard viral plaque assay; however, further progression of the disease to a population‐level epizootic required viral amplification and effective fish‐to‐fish transmission. Among groups of...
OSL dating of a Pleistocene maar: Birket Ram, the Golan heights
U. Shaanan, N. Porat, O. Navon, R. Weinberger, A. Calvert, Y. Weinstein
2011, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (201) 397-403
Direct dating of maars and their phreatomagmatic deposits is difficult due to the dominance of lithic (host rock) fragments and glassy particles of the juvenile magma. In this paper we demonstrate that optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating can be successfully used for age determination of phreatomagmatic deposits. We studied the...
Home range dynamics, habitat selection, and survival of Greater Roadrunners
S.W. Kelley, D. Ransom Jr., J.A. Butcher, G.G. Schulz, B.W. Surber, W.E. Pinchak, C.A. Santamaria, L.A. Hurtado
2011, Journal of Field Ornithology (82) 165-174
Greater Roadrunners (Geococcyx californianus) are common, poorly studied birds of arid and semi-arid ecosystems in the southwestern United States. Conservation of this avian predator requires a detailed understanding of their movements and spatial requirements that is currently lacking. From 2006 to 2009, we quantified home-range and core area sizes and...
Patterns in young-of-year smallmouth bass microhabitat use in multiple stream segments with contrasting land uses
S.K. Brewer
2011, Fisheries Management and Ecology (18) 506-512
Young‐of‐the‐year (YOY) smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu Lacepéde, were evaluated in streams from eight catchments with two contrasting land uses to determine their use of microhabitats under a variety of stream conditions. Step‐wise discriminant function analyses revealed patterns of habitat use by discriminating used from available microhabitat conditions. Velocity was significant in 88%...
Recovering from the ShakeOut earthquake
Anne Wein, Laurie Johnson, Richard Bernknopf
2011, Earthquake Spectra (27) 521-538
Recovery from an earthquake like the M7.8 ShakeOut Scenario will be a major endeavor taking many years to complete. Hundreds of Southern California municipalities will be affected; most lack recovery plans or previous disaster experience. To support recovery planning this paper 1) extends the regional ShakeOut Scenario analysis into the...
Challenges of using electrical resistivity method to locate karst conduits-A field case in the Inner Bluegrass Region, Kentucky
J. Zhu, J.C. Currens, J.S. Dinger
2011, Journal of Applied Geophysics (75) 523-530
Conduits serve as major pathways for groundwater flow in karst aquifers. Locating them from the surface, however, is one of the most challenging tasks in karst research. Geophysical methods are often deployed to help locate voids by mapping variations of physical properties of the subsurface. Conduits can cause significant contrasts...
Flow regime, temperature, and biotic interactions drive differential declines of trout species under climate change
S.J. Wenger, D.J. Isaak, C.H. Luce, H.M. Neville, K.D. Fausch, J. B. Dunham, D.C. Dauwalter, M.K. Young, M.M. Elsner, B.E. Rieman, A.F. Hamlet, J.E. Williams
2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (108) 14175-14180
Broad-scale studies of climate change effects on freshwater species have focused mainly on temperature, ignoring critical drivers such as flow regime and biotic interactions. We use downscaled outputs from general circulation models coupled with a hydrologic model to forecast the effects of altered flows and increased temperatures on four interacting...
Evaluation of single and two-stage adaptive sampling designs for estimation of density and abundance of freshwater mussels in a large river
D. R. Smith, J. T. Rogala, B. R. Gray, S. J. Zigler, T.J. Newton
2011, River Research and Applications (27) 122-133
Reliable estimates of abundance are needed to assess consequences of proposed habitat restoration and enhancement projects on freshwater mussels in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR). Although there is general guidance on sampling techniques for population assessment of freshwater mussels, the actual performance of sampling designs can depend critically on the...
Bed morphology, flow structure, and sediment transport at the outlet of Lake Huron and in the upper St. Clair River
J. A. Czuba, J.L. Best, K. A. Oberg, D.R. Parsons, P.R. Jackson, M.H. Garcia, P. Ashmore
2011, Journal of Great Lakes Research (37) 480-493
An integrated multibeam echo sounder and acoustic Doppler current profiler field survey was conducted in July 2008 to investigate the morphodynamics of the St. Clair River at the outlet of Lake Huron. The principal morphological features of the upper St. Clair River included flow-transverse bedforms that appear weakly mobile, erosive bedforms in cohesive muds, thin non-cohesive veneers of...
On the hydrologic adjustment of climate-model projections: The potential pitfall of potential evapotranspiration
P. C. D. Milly, K.A. Dunne
2011, Earth Interactions (15) 1-14
Hydrologic models often are applied to adjust projections of hydroclimatic change that come from climate models. Such adjustment includes climate-bias correction, spatial refinement ("downscaling"), and consideration of the roles of hydrologic processes that were neglected in the climate model. Described herein is a quantitative analysis of the effects of hydrologic...
Shared bacterial and viral respiratory agents in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), domestic sheep (Ovis aries), and goats (Capra hircus) in Montana
David S. Miller, Glen C. Weiser, Keith Aune, Brent Roeder, Mark Atkinson, Neil Anderson, Thomas J. Roffe, Kim A. Keating, Phillip L. Chapman, Cleon Kimberling, Jack C. Rhyan, P. Ryan Clarke
2011, Veterinary Medicine International (2011)
Transmission of infectious agents from livestock reservoirs has been hypothesized to cause respiratory disease outbreaks in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), and land management policies intended to limit this transmission have proven controversial. This cross-sectional study compares the infectious agents present in multiple populations of bighorn sheep near to and distant...
