Ontogenetic variation in food consumption of rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) in a central New York stream
J. H. Johnson, C.C. Nack
2010, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (25) 59-64
We examined feeding periodicity of three size groups of the rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) at four-hour intervals over a 28-hour period during July in a headwater stream of the Susquehanna River drainage in central New York. Feeding activity was expressed as the ratio of stomach weight divided by the crayfish...
Response of aquatic macrophytes to human land use perturbations in the watersheds of Wisconsin lakes, U.S.A.
Laura L. Sass, Michael A. Bozek, Jennifer A. Hauxwell, Kelly Wagner, Susan Knight
2010, Aquatic Botany (93) 1-8
Aquatic macrophyte communities were assessed in 53 lakes in Wisconsin, U.S.A. along environmental and land use development gradients to determine effects human land use perturbations have on aquatic macrophytes at the watershed and riparian development scales. Species richness and relative frequency were surveyed in lakes from two ecoregions: the Northern...
August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska-resetting an Island Landscape
William E. Scott, Christopher J. Nye, Christopher F. Waythomas, Christina A. Neal
2010, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (42) 250-259
Kasatochi Island, the subaerial portion of a small volcano in the western Aleutian volcanic arc, erupted on 7-8 August 2008. Pyroclastic flows and surges swept the island repeatedly and buried most of it and the near-shore zone in decimeters to tens of meters of deposits. Several key seabird rookeries in...
A new capture fraction method to map how pumpage affects surface water flow
S. A. Leake, H. W. Reeves, J.E. Dickinson
2010, Ground Water (48) 690-700
All groundwater pumped is balanced by removal of water somewhere, initially from storage in the aquifer and later from capture in the form of increase in recharge and decrease in discharge. Capture that results in a loss of water in streams, rivers, and wetlands now is a concern in many...
Recorded motions of the 6 April 2009 Mw 6.3 L'Aquila, Italy, earthquake and implications for building structural damage: Overview
M. Çelebi, P. Bazzurro, L. Chiaraluce, P. Clemente, L. Decanini, A. Desortis, W. Ellsworth, A. Gorini, E. Kalkan, S. Marcucci, G. Milana, F. Mollaioli, M. Olivieri, R. Paolucci, D. Rinaldis, A. Rovelli, F. Sabetta, C. Stephens
2010, Earthquake Spectra (26) 651-684
The normal-faulting earthquake of 6 April 2009 in the Abruzzo Region of central Italy caused heavy losses of life and substantial damage to centuriesold buildings of significant cultural importance and to modern reinforcedconcrete- framed buildings with hollow masonry infill walls. Although structural deficiencies were significant and widespread, the study of...
Soil organic carbon stocks in Alaska estimated with spatial and pedon data
Norman B. Bliss, J. Maursetter
2010, Soil Science Society of America Journal (74) 565-579
Temperatures in high-latitude ecosystems are increasing faster than the average rate of global warming, which may lead to a positive feedback for climate change by increasing the respiration rates of soil organic C. If a positive feedback is confirmed, soil C will represent a source of greenhouse gases that is...
Waterfowl ecology and avian influenza in california: Do host traits inform us about viral occurrence?
N.J. Hill, John Y. Takekawa, C.J. Cardona, Joshua T. Ackerman, A.K. Schultz, K.A. Spragens, W.M. Boyce
2010, Avian Diseases (54) 426-432
We examined whether host traits influenced the occurrence of avian influenza virus (AIV) in Anatidae (ducks, geese, swans) at wintering sites in California's Central Valley. In total, 3487 individuals were sampled at Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge and Conaway Ranch Duck Club during the hunting season of 2007-08. Of the 19...
Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States
S.H. Cannon, J.E. Gartner, M.G. Rupert, J. A. Michael, A. H. Rea, C. Parrett
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 127-144
Empirical models to estimate the probability of occurrence and volume of postwildfire debris flows can be quickly implemented in a geographic information system (GIS) to generate debris-flow hazard maps either before or immediately following wildfires. Models that can be used to calculate the probability of debris-flow production from individual drainage...
Geochemical constraints on the origin and volume of gas in the New Albany Shale (Devonian-Mississippian), eastern Illinois Basin
D. Strapoc, Maria Mastalerz, A. Schimmelmann, A. Drobniak, N.R. Hasenmueller
2010, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (94) 1713-1740
This study involved analyses of kerogen petrography, gas desorption, geochemistry, microporosity, and mesoporosity of the New Albany Shale (Devonian-Mississippian) in the eastern part of the Illinois Basin. Specifically, detailed core analysis from two locations, one in Owen County, Indiana, and one in Pike County, Indiana, has been conducted. The gas...
Morning ambush attacks by black-footed ferrets on emerging prairie dogs
D.A. Eads, E. Biggins, D.S. Jachowski, T.M. Livieri, J.J. Millspaugh, M. Forsberg
2010, Ethology Ecology and Evolution (22) 345-352
Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) often hunt at night, attacking normally diurnal prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) in underground burrow systems. While monitoring black-footed ferrets in South Dakota during morning daylight hours, we observed an adult female ferret ambush a black-tailed prairie dog (C. ludovicianus) emerging from a burrow. On a neighboring...
Effects of amphibian chytrid fungus on individual survival probability in wild boreal toads
D. S. Pilliod, E. Muths, R. D. Scherer, P.E. Bartelt, P.S. Corn, B. R. Hossack, B.A. Lambert, R. Mccaffery, C. Gaughan
2010, Conservation Biology (24) 1259-1267
Chytridiomycosis is linked to the worldwide decline of amphibians, yet little is known about the demographic effects of the disease. We collected capture-recapture data on three populations of boreal toads (Bufo boreas [Bufo = Anaxyrus]) in the Rocky Mountains (U.S.A.). Two of the populations were infected with chytridiomycosis and one...
Broad accommodation of rift-related extension recorded by dyke intrusion in Saudi Arabia
J.S. Pallister, W.A. McCausland, Sigurjon Jonsson, Z. Lu, H.M. Zahran, Hadidy S. El, A. Aburukbah, I.C.F. Stewart, P.R. Lundgren, R.A. White, M.R.H. Moufti
2010, Nature Geoscience (3) 705-712
The extensive harrat lava province of Arabia formed during the past 30 million years in response to Red Sea rifting and mantle upwelling. The area was regarded as seismically quiet, but between April and June 2009 a swarm of more than 30,000 earthquakes struck one of the lava fields in...
Testing the limits of Paleozoic chronostratigraphic correlation via high-resolution (<500 k.y.) integrated conodont, graptolite, and carbon isotope (δ13Ccarb) biochemostratigraphy across the Llandovery–Wenlock (Silurian) boundary: Is a unified Phanerozoic time scale achievable?
Bradley D. Cramer, David K. Loydell, Christian Samtleben, Axel Munnecke, Dimitri Kaljo, Peep Mannik, Tonu Martma, Lennart Jeppsson, Mark A. Kleffner, James E. Barrick, Craig A. Johnson, Poul Emsbo, Michael M. Joachimski, Torsten Bickert, Matthew R. Saltzman
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 1700-1716
The resolution and fidelity of global chronostratigraphic correlation are direct functions of the time period under consideration. By virtue of deep-ocean cores and astrochronology, the Cenozoic and Mesozoic time scales carry error bars of a few thousand years (k.y.) to a few hundred k.y. In contrast, most of the Paleozoic...
Intrinsic controls on the range of volumes, morphologies, and dimensions of submarine lobes
A. Prelat, J.A. Covault, D.M. Hodgson, A. Fildani, S.S. Flint
2010, Sedimentary Geology (232) 66-76
Submarine lobe dimensions from six different systems are compared: 1) the exhumed Permian Fan 3 lobe complex of the Tanqua Karoo, South Africa; 2) the modern Amazon fan channel-mouth lobe complex, offshore Brazil; 3) a portion of the modern distal Za??re fan, offshore Angola/Congo; 4) a Pleistocene fan of the...
Coal lithotypes before and after saturation with CO2; insights from micro- and mesoporosity, fluidity, and functional group distribution
Maria Mastalerz, A. Drobniak, R. Walker, D. Morse
2010, International Journal of Coal Geology (83) 467-474
Four lithotypes, vitrain, bright clarain, clarain, and fusain, were hand-picked from the core of the Pennsylvanian Springfield Coal Member (Petersburg Formation) in Illinois. These lithotypes were analyzed petrographically and for meso- and micropore characteristics, functional group distribution using FTIR techniques, and fluidity. High-pressure CO2 adsorption isotherm analyses of these lithotypes...
Late Devonian glacigenic and associated facies from the central Appalachian Basin, eastern United States
D. K. Brezinski, C. B. Cecil, V.W. Skema
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 265-281
Late Devonian strata in the eastern United States are generally considered as having been deposited under warm tropical conditions. However, a stratigraphically restricted Late Devonian succession of diamictite- mudstonesandstone within the Spechty Kopf and Rockwell Formations that extends for more than 400 km along depositional strike within the central Appalachian...
Influence of coal-tar sealcoat and other carbonaceous materials on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon loading in an urban watershed
Y. Yang, P. C. Van Metre, B.J. Mahler, J.T. Wilson, B. Ligouis, M. Razzaque, D.J. Schaeffer, C.J. Werth
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 1217-1223
Carbonaceous material (CM) particles are the principal vectors transporting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into urban waters via runoff; however, characteristics of CM particles in urban watersheds and their relative contributions to PAH contamination remain unclear. Our objectives were to identify the sources and distribution of CM particles in an urban...
Judging a brook by its cover: The relation between ecological condition of a stream and urban land cover in new England
J.F. Coles, T. F. Cuffney, G. McMahon, C. J. Rosiu
2010, Northeastern Naturalist (17) 29-48
The US Geological Survey conducted an urban land-use study in the New England Coastal Basins (NECB) area during 2001 to determine how urbanization relates to changes in the ecological condition of streams. Thirty sites were selected that differed in their level of watershed development (low to high). An urban intensity...
Pyrethroid insecticide concentrations and toxicity in streambed sediments and loads in surface waters of the San Joaquin Valley, California, USA
Joseph L. Domagalski, Donald P. Weston, Minghua Zhang, Michelle L. Hladik
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 813-823
Pyrethroid insecticide use in California, USA, is growing, and there is a need to understand the fate of these compounds in the environment. Concentrations and toxicity were assessed in streambed sediment of the San Joaquin Valley of California, one of the most productive agricultural regions of the United States. Concentrations...
Paradigms and proboscideans in the southern Great Lakes region, USA
J.J. Saunders, E.C. Grimm, C.C. Widga, G.D. Campbell, B. Brandon Curry, D.A. Grimley, P.R. Hanson, J.P. McCullum, J.S. Oliver, J.D. Treworgy
2010, Quaternary International (217) 175-187
Thirteen new chronometric dates for Illinois proboscideans are considered in relation to well-dated pollen records from northeastern and central Illinois. These dates span an interval from 21,228 to 12,944 cal BP. When compared to pollen spectra, it is evident that Mammut americanum inhabited spruce (Picea) and black ash (Fraxinus nigra)...
Use of chemosensory cues as repellents for sea lamprey: Potential directions for population management
I. Imre, G.E. Brown, R.A. Bergstedt, R. McDonald
2010, Journal of Great Lakes Research (36) 790-793
Sea lamprey invaded the Great Lakes in the early 20th century and caused an abrupt decline in the population densities of several native fish species. The integrated management of this invasive species is composed of chemical (lampricide) applications, low-head barrier dams, adult trapping and sterile male release. Recently, there has...
Seismic hazard of the Enriquillog-Plantain Garden fault in Haiti inferred from palaeoseismology
C.S. Prentice, P. Mann, A. J. Crone, R.D. Gold, K.W. Hudnut, R.W. Briggs, R.D. Koehler, P. Jean
2010, Nature Geoscience (3) 789-793
The Enriquillog-Plantain Garden fault zone is recognized as one of the primary plate-bounding fault systems in Haiti. The strike-slip fault runs adjacent to the city of Port-au-Prince and was initially thought to be the source of the 12 January 2010, M w 7.0 earthquake. Haiti experienced significant earthquakes in 1751...
Canopy gap dynamics of second-growth red spruce-northern hardwood stands in West Virginia
J.S. Rentch, T.M. Schuler, G.J. Nowacki, N.R. Beane, W.M. Ford
2010, Forest Ecology and Management (260) 1921-1929
Forest restoration requires an understanding of the natural disturbance regime of the target community and estimates of the historic range of variability of ecosystem components (composition, structure, and disturbance processes). Management prescriptions that support specific restoration activities should be consistent with these parameters. In this study, we describe gap-phase dynamics...
Establishing the Antarctic Dome C community reference standard site towards consistent measurements from Earth observation satellites
C. Cao, S. Uprety, J. Xiong, A. Wu, P. Jing, D. Smith, G. Chander, N. Fox, S. Ungar
2010, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (36) 498-513
Establishing satellite measurement consistency by using common desert sites has become increasingly more important not only for climate change detection but also for quantitative retrievals of geophysical variables in satellite applications. Using the Antarctic Dome C site (75°06′S, 123°21′E, elevation 3.2 km) for satellite radiometric calibration and validation (Cal/Val) is...
Mapping of road-salt-contaminated groundwater discharge and estimation of chloride load to a small stream in southern New Hampshire, USA
P. T. Harte, P.R. Trowbridge
2010, Hydrological Processes (24) 2349-2368
Concentrations of chloride in excess of State of New Hampshire water-quality standards (230 mg/l) have been measured in watersheds adjacent to an interstate highway (I-93) in southern New Hampshire. A proposed widening plan for I-93 has raised concerns over further increases in chloride. As part of this effort, road-salt-contaminated groundwater...
