The importance of lake emergent aquatic vegetation for estimating Arctic-boreal methane emissions
Ethan D. Kyzivat, Laurence C. Smith, Fenix Garcia-Tigreros, Chang Huang, Chao Wang, Theodore Langhorst, Jessica V. Fayne, Merritt E. Harlan, Yuta Ishitsuka, Dongmei Feng, Wayana Dolan, Lincoln H. Pitcher, Kimberly Wickland, Mark Dornblaser, Robert G. Striegl, Tamlin M. Pavelsky, David E. Butman, Colin J. Gleason
2022, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (127)
Areas of lakes that support emergent aquatic vegetation emit disproportionately more methane than open water but are under-represented in upscaled estimates of lake greenhouse gas emissions. These shallow areas are typically less than ∼1.5 m deep and can be detected with synthetic aperture radar (SAR). To assess the importance of lake...
Teams, networks, and networks of networks advancing our understanding and conservation of inland waters
Emily Read, Jennifer Cross, Nicole M. Herman-Mercer, Samantha K. Oliver, Catherine M. O’Reilly
Klement Tockner, Thomas Mehner, editor(s)
2022, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of inland waters
Networks are defined as groups of interconnected people and things, and by this definition, networks play a major role in the science of inland waters. In this article, we bring the latest social network research to understand and improve inland waters science and conservation outcomes. What we found is that...
Hydrological cycle and water budgets
Dale M. Robertson, Howard A. Perlman, T. N. Narisimhan
2022, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of inland waters
In this chapter, we describe the hydrological cycle and each of its components (pools). The hydrological cycle is important to the transport and cycling of nutrients and energy. Quantifying the various components of the hydrological cycle, referred to as constructing water budget for a defined area, is an important framework for...
Worldwide wetland loss and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services
Beth Middleton
2022, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of inland waters
Aim: Best strategies for future conservation and management to address global and regional trends in wetland loss and degradation are assessed in this article.Main concepts covered: Direct drivers of wetland loss and change include land drainage and filling, hydrologic alteration, degradation from pollutants and sediments, and conversion to...
An introduction to current climate projections and their use in climate impacts research
Jeremy Littell
Craig Stephen, Colleen G. Duncan, editor(s)
2022, Book chapter, Climate change and animal health
Using climate projections to evaluate future climate impacts and their associated risks requires a background knowledge of the nature of climate change, use of climate models to develop future projections, and knowledge of how to address climate scenario uncertainty. This chapter provides an overview of climate and climate change, some...
Wetlands under global change
Eric Ward
2022, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of Inland Waters
Wetlands are among the ecosystem types most threatened by global change, including both climate change and other anthropogenic factors such as sea level rise, urban development, deforestation, agricultural land use, drainage, levees, tidal flow restrictions, pollution, eutrophication, and fires. Wetlands not...
Earthquakes and tsunami
Julia S. Becker, Sara K. McBride, Lauren Vinnell, Wendy Saunders, Graham S. Leonard, Timothy J. Sullivan, Ken Gledhill
Tara K. McGee, Edmund C. Penning-Rowsell, editor(s)
2022, Book chapter, Routledge handbook of environmental hazards
Earthquakes occur as a burst of sudden ground shaking created by the release of accumulated stress along a fault, often influenced by movement of the world’s tectonic plates. Ground shaking from an earthquake can generate additional hazards, including landslides, liquefaction, and tsunami. According to...
Selenium in the Kootenai River Basin, Montana and Idaho, United States, and British Columbia, Canada
U.S. Geological Survey
2022, Fact Sheet 2022-3033
Selenium entering the 90-mile long transboundary Koocanusa Reservoir (also called Lake Koocanusa) in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, and northwestern Montana, United States, has been measured at concentrations above State and Federal water-quality and aquatic life standards. The reservoir is within the international Kootenai (or “Kootenay” in Canada) drainage basin, which...
Intrapopulation differences in polar bear movement and step selection patterns
Ryan R. Wilson, Michelle St Martin, Eric V. Regehr, Karyn D. Rode
2022, Movement Ecology (10)
BackgroundThe spatial ecology of individuals often varies within a population or species. Identifying how individuals in different classes interact with their environment can lead to a better understanding of population responses to human activities and environmental change and improve population estimates. Most inferences about polar bear (Ursus maritimus)...
Environmental drivers of cyanobacterial abundance and cyanotoxin production in backwaters of the Upper Mississippi River
Shawn M. Giblin, James H. Larson, Jeremy D. King
2022, River Research and Applications (38) 1115-1128
High densities of cyanobacteria in aquatic ecosystems can cause impacts to ecosystem services because they serve as a poor-quality food resource, produce toxins and can indirectly cause a variety of other negative impacts to water quality. There are many hypotheses about the potential environmental drivers of variation in cyanobacterial abundance...
Cryptic extinction risk in a western Pacific lizard radiation
Peter J. McDonald, Rafe M. Brown, Frederick Kraus, Philip Bowles, Umilaela Arifin, Samuel J Eliades, Robert N. Fisher, Maren Gaulke, L Lee Grismer, Ivan Ineich, Benjamin R. Karin, Camila G Meneses, Stephen J Richards, Marites B Sanguila, Cameron D Siler, Paul M. Oliver
2022, Biodiversity and Conservation (31) 2045-2062
Cryptic ecologies, the Wallacean Shortfall of undocumented species’ geographical ranges and the Linnaean Shortfall of undescribed diversity, are all major barriers to conservation assessment. When these factors overlap with drivers of extinction risk, such as insular distributions, the number of threatened species in a region or...
Linking capture–recapture and movement
Sarah J. Converse, Brett T. McClintock, Paul B. Conn
2022, Ecology (103)
No abstract available. ...
Greenhouse gas balances in coastal ecosystems: Current challenges in “blue carbon” estimation and significance to national greenhouse gas inventories
Lisamarie Windham-Myers, James R. Holmquist, Kevin D. Kroeger, Tiffany G. Troxler
2022, Book chapter
Coastal wetlands are defined herein as inundated, vegetated ecosystems with hydrology, and biogeochemistry influenced by sea levels, at timescales of tides to millennia. Coastal wetlands are necessary components of global greenhouse gas estimation and scenario modeling, both for continental and oceanic mass balances. The carbon pools and fluxes on...
How beavers are changing Arctic landscapes and Earth’s climate
Jonathan A. O’Donnell, Michael P. Carey, Brett Poulin, Ken Tape, Joshua C. Koch
2022, Frontiers for Young Minds (10)
Beavers build dams that change the way water moves between streams, lakes, and the land. In Alaska, beavers are moving north from the forests into the Arctic tundra. When beavers build dams in the Arctic, they cause frozen soil, called permafrost, to thaw. Scientists are studying how beavers and...
Influences of seasonality and habitat quality on Great Lakes coastal wetland fish community composition and diets
Sara Diller, Anna M. Harrison, Kurt P. Kowalski, Valerie J. Brady, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, Matthew J. Cooper, Joshua D. Dumke, Joseph P. Gathman, Carl R. III Ruetz, Donald G. Uzarski, Douglas A. Wilcox, Jeffrey S Schaeffer
2022, Wetland Ecology and Management (30) 439-460
Great Lakes coastal wetlands (GLCW) have been severely degraded by anthropogenic activity over the last several decades despite their critical role in fish production. Many Great Lakes fish species use coastal wetland habitats for spawning, feeding, shelter, and nurseries throughout the year. The goal of our study was to compare...
Long-term assessments are critical to determining persistence and shoreline protection from oyster reef nature-based coastal defenses
Megan K. La Peyre, Sarah Catherine Leblanc Buie, Ryann Rossi, Brian J. Roberts
2022, Ecological Engineering (178)
Nature-based coastal defense using bivalve reefs provides a potentially self-sustaining approach for regions facing high coastal land loss, relative sea level rise and increasing frequency and intensity of storms. Success of such nature-based coastal defense depends on the reef-building species' life history, habitat requirements, and ability to thrive through short-term and longer-term...
The protectiveness of aquatic life criteria for threatened or endangered aquatic species: Cadmium in California
Christopher A. Mebane
2022, Preprint
In the United States, conflicts can arise between the processes to derive aquatic life criteria (ALC) for chemicals under the Clean Water Act (CWA) and the evaluation procedures used in Endangered Species Act (ESA) consultations on the protectiveness of those criteria for protected species. This paper examines the roots of,...
A critical review of bioaccumulation and biotransformation of organic chemicals in birds
Dave T. F. Kuo, Barnett A. Rattner, Sarah C. Marteinson, Robert J. Letcher, Kim J. Fernie, Gabriele Treu, Markus Deutsch, Mark S. Johnson, Sandrine Deglin, Michelle Embry
2022, Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (260)
A literature review of bioaccumulation and biotransformation of organic chemicals in birds was undertaken, aiming to support scoping and prioritization of future research. The objectives were to characterize available bioaccumulation/biotransformation data, identify knowledge gaps, determine how extant data can be used, and explore the strategy and steps forward. An intermediate...
Effects of prescribed fire on prenesting movements of wild turkeys in Arkansas
H.T. Pittman, David G. Krementz
2022, Wildlife Society Bulletin (46)
The restoration of historic disturbance regimes is an increasingly common management strategy to conserve disturbance-dependent communities and species, and enhance resilience of ecosystems to climate change or plant and animal invasions. However, the reintroduction of frequent and wide-scale disturbance may have unexpected consequences on species that are accustomed to an...
Assessing climate change impacts on Pacific salmon using bioenergetics and spatiotemporal explicit river temperature predictions under varying riparian conditions
Andrew R. Spanjer, Andrew S. Gendaszek, Elyse J. Wulfkuhle, Robert W. Black, Kristin Jaeger
2022, PLoS ONE (17)
Pacific salmon and trout populations are affected by timber harvest, the removal and alteration of riparian vegetation, and the resulting physical changes to water quality, temperature, and associated delivery of high-quality terrestrial prey. Juvenile salmon and trout growth, a key predictor of survival, is poorly understood in the context of...
Nearshore bathymetric changes along the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast and possible physical drivers
Mark Zimmermann, Li H. Erikson, Ann E. Gibbs, Megan M. Prescott, Stephen M. Escarzaga, Craig E. Tweedie, Jeremy L. Kasper, Paul X. Duvoy
2022, Continental Shelf Research (242)
Erosion rates along Alaska's Beaufort Sea coast, among the highest in the world, are negatively impacting communities, industrial and military infrastructure, and wildlife habitat. Decreasing maximal winter ice extent and increasing summer open water duration and extent in the Beaufort Sea may be making the coast more vulnerable to destructive storm...
Comparison of indices to infer population dynamics of black brant
Paul L. Flint
2022, Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management (13) 344-358
To aid managers in assessing status of Pacific black brant Branta bernicla nigricans (hereafter brant), I examined pre-existing long-term data series from summer, fall staging, and wintering areas to infer overall population processes and assessed the utility of the various data sources. Variation in demographic parameters...
Fish ear stones offer climate change clues in Alaska's lakes
Krista K. Bartz, Vanessa R. von Biela, Bryan A. Black, Daniel B. Young, Peter van der Sleen, Christian E. Zimmerman
2022, Frontiers for Young Minds
Otoliths, also known as ear stones, are small body parts that help fish with hearing and balance. Like tree rings, otoliths form one light and one dark band per year, creating rings. These rings can be measured to understand fish growth. The wider the ring, the greater the growth....
Value of information and decision pathways: Concepts and case studies
Pierre D. Glynn, Charles Rhodes, Scott J. Chiavacci, Jennifer Helgeson, Carl D. Shapiro, Crista L. Straub
2022, Frontiers in Environmental Science (Environmental Economics and Management) (10)
Information used in decision making arises from the structuring of observations and data. The collection, dissemination, and use of information has monetary and non-monetary costs (e.g., competition for attention) and necessitates trade-offs. Understanding the benefits of having information (i.e., the value of information, VOI), including resulting societal outcomes,...
Satellites quantify the spatial extent of cyanobacterial blooms across the United States at multiple scales
Blake Schaeffer, Erin Urquhart, Megan Coffer, Wilson Salls, Richard Stumpf, Keith A. Loftin, P. Jeremy Werdell
2022, Ecological Indicators (140)
Previous studies indicate that cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (cyanoHAB) frequency, extent, and magnitude have increased globally over the past few decades. However, little quantitative capability is available to assess these metrics of cyanoHABs across broad geographic scales and at regular intervals. Here, the spatial extent was quantified from a cyanobacteria...
