Role for migratory wild birds in the global spread of avian influenza H5N8
The Global Consortium for H5N8 and Related Influenza Viruses, S. Ip
2016, Science (354) 213-217
Avian influenza viruses affect both poultry production and public health. A subtype H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4) virus, following an outbreak in poultry in South Korea in January 2014, rapidly spread worldwide in 2014–2015. Our analysis of H5N8 viral sequences, epidemiological investigations, waterfowl migration, and poultry trade showed that long-distance migratory birds...
Dissolved organic matter composition of Arctic rivers: Linking permafrost and parent material to riverine carbon
Jonathan A. O’Donnell, George R. Aiken, David K. Swanson, Panda Santosh, Kenna D. Butler, Andrew P. Baltensperger
2016, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (30) 1811-1826
Recent climate change in the Arctic is driving permafrost thaw, which has important implications for regional hydrology and global carbon dynamics. Permafrost is an important control on groundwater dynamics and the amount and chemical composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) transported by high-latitude rivers. The consequences of permafrost thaw for...
Novel picornavirus associated with avian keratin disorder in Alaskan birds
Maxine Zylberberg, Caroline R. Van Hemert, John P. Dumbacher, Colleen M. Handel, Tarik Tihan, Joseph L. DeRisi
2016, mBio (7) 1-10
Avian keratin disorder (AKD), characterized by debilitating overgrowth of the avian beak, was first documented in black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) in Alaska. Subsequently, similar deformities have appeared in numerous species across continents. Despite the widespread distribution of this emerging pathology, the cause of AKD remains elusive. As a result, it...
Pan-arctic trends in terrestrial dissolved organic matter from optical measurements
Paul J. Mann, Robert G. M. Spencer, Peter J. Hernes, Johan Six, George R. Aiken, Suzanne E. Tank, James W. McClelland, Kenna D. Butler, Rachael Y. Dyda, Robert M. Holmes
2016, Frontiers in Earth Science (4)
Climate change is causing extensive warming across Arctic regions resulting in permafrost degradation, alterations to regional hydrology and shifting amounts and composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) transported by streams and rivers. Here, we characterize the DOM composition and optical properties of the six largest Arctic rivers draining into the...
Effects of flow regime on metal concentrations and the attainment of water quality standards in a remediated stream reach, Butte, Montana
Robert L. Runkel, Briant A. Kimball, David A. Nimick, Katherine Walton-Day
2016, Environmental Science & Technology (50) 12641-12649
Low-flow synoptic sampling campaigns are often used as the primary tool to characterize watersheds affected by mining. Although such campaigns are an invaluable part of site characterization, investigations which focus solely on low-flow conditions may yield misleading results. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate this point and elucidate...
A Tour de Force by Hawaii's invasive mammals: establishment, takeover, ecosystem restoration through eradication
Steve C. Hess
2016, Conference Paper, 27th Vertebrate Pest Conference
Invasive mammals, large and small, have irreversibly altered Hawaii's ecosystems in numerous cases through unnatural herbivory, predation, and the transmission of zoonotic diseases, thereby causing the disproportionate extinction of flora and fauna that occur nowhere else on Earth. The control and eradication of invasive mammals is the single most expensive...
Measuring distance “as the horse runs”: Cross-scale comparison of terrain-based metrics
Barbara P. Buttenfield, M Ghandehari, S Leyk, Larry V. Stanislawski, M E Brantley, Yi Qiang
2016, Conference Paper
Distance metrics play significant roles in spatial modeling tasks, such as flood inundation (Tucker and Hancock 2010), stream extraction (Stanislawski et al. 2015), power line routing (Kiessling et al. 2003) and analysis of surface pollutants such as nitrogen (Harms et al. 2009). Avalanche risk is based on slope, aspect, and...
Mapping presence and predicting phenological status of invasive buffelgrass in southern Arizona using MODIS, climate and citizen science observation data
Cynthia S.A. Wallace, Jessica J. Walker, Susan M. Skirvin, Caroline Patrick-Birdwell, Jake F. Weltzin, Helen Raichle
2016, Remote Sensing (8) 1-24
The increasing spread and abundance of an invasive perennial grass, buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare), represents a critical threat to the native vegetation communities of the Sonoran desert in southern Arizona, USA, where buffelgrass eradication is a high priority for resource managers. Herbicidal treatment of buffelgrass is most effective when the vegetation...
Impacts of short-rotation early-growing season prescribed fire on a ground nesting bird in the central hardwoods region of North America
H. Tyler Pittman, David G. Krementz
2016, PLoS ONE (11) 1-14
Landscape-scale short-rotation early-growing season prescribed fire, hereafter prescribed fire, in upland hardwood forests represents a recent shift in management strategies across eastern upland forests. Not only does this strategy depart from dormant season to growing season prescriptions, but the strategy also moves from stand-scale to landscape-scale implementation (>1,000 ha). This...
Mineral resources: Reserves, peak production and the future
Lawrence D. Meinert, Gilpin Robinson, Nedal T. Nassar
2016, Resources (5)
The adequacy of mineral resources in light of population growth and rising standards of living has been a concern since the time of Malthus (1798), but many studies erroneously forecast impending peak production or exhaustion because they confuse reserves with “all there is”. Reserves are formally defined as a subset...
Book Review: Penguins: The ultimate guide
Katie M. Dugger
2016, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (128) 212-214
No abstract available....
Protocol and results from the first season of captive-rearing whooping cranes for a non-migratory release in Louisiana
Glenn H. Olsen, Jane N. Chandler
2016, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop
No abstract available...
Evaluation of performance of Taiwan housing stock and schools during the Mw6.4 Kaohsiung/Meinong Earthquake of February 6, 2016
Ramon Gilsanz, Cathy Huang, Jessica Mandrick, Joe Mugford, Shyh-Jiann Hwang, Tsung-Chih Chiou, Mehmet Celebi
2016, Conference Paper
The recent Kaohsiung Meinong Earthquake which occurred on February 6, 2016 affected several categories of building stock for which risk identification programs were previously developed by NCREE. A typical building type in the city of Tainan is a mixed-use three-to-five-story structure. The ground floor of this typical structure is an...
Modeling martian thermal inertia in a distributed memory high performance computing environment
Jason Laura, Robin L. Fergason
2016, Conference Paper, Proceedings 2016 IEEE international conference on big data
Modeling martian surface properties fusing high resolution, spatially enabled, remotely sensed data and derived thermophysical modeling is an essential tool for surface property characterization studies. In this work, we describe the development of a thermal inertia modeling tool that integrates the KRC thermal model and a nine-dimensional parameter interpolation with...
Thiamine and lipid utilization in fasting Chinook salmon
Dale C. Honeyfield, A. K. Peters, Michael L. Jones
2016, North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission Bulletin (6) 13-19
A laboratory study was conducted to estimate utilization rates of thiamine (vitamin B1) and lipid in whole fish, muscle, and liver tissues of fasting Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). The experiment was conducted with Chinook salmon held at 5ºC over a period of 150 days to simulate fasting during migration or...
Habitat and diet of equids
Kathryn A. Schoenecker, Sarah R.B. King, Megan K. Nordquist, Nandintsetseg Dejid, Quing Cao
2016, Book chapter, Wild equids: Ecology, management, and conservation
In this chapter, we present information from studies of equids and their habitat use across various habitat types. We provide a synthesis of the scientific literature on equid habitat selection, home range, and movements, water needs, and diet....
Fire and drought
Jeremy S. Littell, David L. Peterson, Karin L. Riley, Yongquiang Q. Liu, Charles H. Luce
2016, Book chapter, Effects of drought on forests and rangelands in the United States: A comprehensive science synthesis. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-93b
Historical and presettlement relationships between drought and wildfire have been well documented in much of North America, with forest fire occurrence and area burned clearly increasing in response to drought. Drought interacts with other controls (forest productivity, topography, and fire weather) to affect fire intensity and severity. Fire regime characteristics...
Sedimentary petrology and reservoir quality of the Middle Jurassic Red Glacier Formation, Cook Inlet forearc basin: Initial impressions
K. P. Helmold, D. L. LePain, Richard G. Stanley
2016, Preliminary Interpretive Report 2016-1-4
The Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys and Division of Oil & Gas are currently conducting a study of the hydrocarbon potential of Cook Inlet forearc basin (Gillis, 2013, 2014; LePain and others, 2013; Wartes, 2015; Herriott, 2016 [this volume]). The Middle Jurassic Tuxedni Group is recognized as a major...
Nonmarine facies in the Late Triassic(?) to Early Jurassic Horn Mountain Tuff member of the Talkeetna Formation, Horn Mountain, lower Cook Inlet basin, Alaska
D. L. LePain, Richard G. Stanley, K. P. Helmold
2016, Preliminary Interpretive Report 2016-1-2
The Talkeetna Formation is a prominent lithostratigraphic unit in south-central Alaska. In the Iniskin–Tuxedni area, Detterman and Hartsock (1966) divided the formation into three mappable units including, from oldest to youngest, the Marsh Creek Breccia, the Portage Creek Agglomerate, and the Horn Mountain Tuff Members. The Horn Mountain Tuff Member...
Reconnaissance stratigraphy of the Red Glacier Formation (Middle Jurassic) near Hungryman Creek, Cook Inlet basin, Alaska
D. L. LePain, Richard G. Stanley, K. P. Helmold
2016, Preliminary Interpretive Report 2016-1-3
Geochemical data suggest the source of oil in upper Cook Inlet fields is Middle Jurassic organic-rich shales in the Tuxedni Group (Magoon and Anders, 1992; Lillis and Stanley, 2011; LePain and others, 2012, 2013). Of the six formations in the group (Detterman, 1963), the basal Red Glacier Formation is the...
Leveraging constraints and biotelemetry data to pinpoint repetitively used spatial features
Brian M. Brost, Mevin Hooten, Robert J. Small
2016, Ecology (98) 12-20
Satellite telemetry devices collect valuable information concerning the sites visited by animals, including the location of central places like dens, nests, rookeries, or haul‐outs. Existing methods for estimating the location of central places from telemetry data require user‐specified thresholds and ignore common nuances like measurement error. We present a fully...
Winter and summer home ranges of American White Pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) captured at loafing sites in the southeastern United States
D. Tommy King, Justin W. Fischer, Bronson K. Strickland, W. David Walter, Fred L. Cunningham, Guiming Wang
2016, Waterbirds (39) 287-294
Satellite telemetry was used to investigate summer and winter home ranges for resident and migrant American White Pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) captured in the southeastern United States between 2002 and 2007. Home range utilization distributions were calculated using 50% and 95% kernel density estimators with the plug-in bandwidth selector. Mean summer...
A comparison of lead lengths for mini-fyke nets to sample age-0 gar species
James M. Long, Richard A. Snow, Chas P. Patterson
2016, Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science (96) 28-35
Mini-fyke nets are often used to sample small-bodied fishes in shallow (<1 m depth) water, especially in vegetated shoreline habitats where seines are ineffective. Recent interest in gar (Lepisosteidae) ecology and conservation led us to explore the use of mini-fyke nets to capture age-0 gar and specifically how capture is...
Modeling ancient land use and resilient forests in the Jemez Mountains
Rachel A. Loehman
2016, Archaeology Southwest Magazine (30)
No abstract available....
Buildings (EERI Earthquake Reconnaissance Team Report: M7.8 Gorkha, Nepal Earthquake on April 25, 2015 and its Aftershocks)
Hemant Kaushik, John Bevington, Kishor S. Jaiswal, Bret Lizundia, Surya Shrestha
2016, Report, EERI Earthquake Reconnaissance Team Report: M7.8 Gorkha, Nepal Earthquake on April 25, 2015 and its Aftershocks
The most common building typologies in Nepal are reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings with masonry infill walls, unreinforced masonry (URM) bearing wall buildings, and wood frame buildings (Figure 5-1). The RC frames with masonry infills are commonly constructed in urban and semi-urban areas. Most of these buildings are three to...
