The behaviour of 39 pesticides in surface waters as a function of scale
P. D. Capel, S.J. Larson, T. A. Winterstein
2001, Hydrological Processes (15) 1251-1269
A portion of applied pesticides runs off agricultural fields and is transported through surface waters. In this study, the behaviour of 39 pesticides is examined as a function of scale across 14 orders of magnitude from the field to the ocean. Data on pesticide loads in streams from two US...
Coal bed sequestration of carbon dioxide
Robert Stanton, Romeo M. Flores, Peter D. Warwick, Harold J. Gluskoter, Gary D. Stricker
2001, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the First National Conference on Carbon Sequestration
Geologic sequestration of CO2 generated from fossil fuel combustion may be an environmentally attractive method to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. Of the geologic options, sequestering CO2 in coal beds has several advantages. For example, CO2 injection can enhance methane production from coal beds; coal can trap CO2...
Quaternary geology, Cold Bay and False Pass quadrangles, Alaska Peninsula
Frederic H. Wilson, Florence R. Weber
2001, Report, Geologic studies in Alaska by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1999
Recent mapping and interpretation of Quaternary geologic features has improved our understanding of the interaction between volcanic, glacial, and tectonic activity in the Cold Bay and False Pass 1:250,000-scale quadrangles on the Alaska Peninsula. The glacial and volcanic record of the map area strongly suggests that continental-shelf glaciations and two...
Assessing large-scale surveyor variability in the historic forest data of the original U.S. Public Land Survey
K.L. Manies, D.J. Mladenoff, E.V. Nordheim
2001, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (31) 1719-1730
The U.S. General Land Office Public Land Survey (PLS) records are a valuable resource for studying pre-European settlement vegetation. However, these data were taken for legal, not ecological, purposes. In turn, the instructions the surveyors followed affected the data collected. For this reason, it has been suggested that the PLS...
Coastal change analysis program implemented in Louisiana
Elijah W. Ramsey III, G.A. Nelson, S.K. Sapkota
2001, Journal of Coastal Research (17) 53-71
Landsat Thematic Mapper images from 1990 to 1996 and collateral data sources were used to classify the land cover of the Mermentau River Basin (MRB) within the Chenier Plain of coastal Louisiana. Landcover classes followed the definition of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Coastal Change Analysis Program; however, classification...
A model for nematode locomotion in soil
H. William Hunt, Diana H. Wall, Nicole DeCrappeo, John S. Brenner
2001, Nematology (3) 705-716
Locomotion of nematodes in soil is important for both practical and theoretical reasons. We constructed a model for rate of locomotion. The first model component is a simple simulation of nematode movement among finite cells by both random and directed behaviours. Optimisation procedures were used to fit the simulation output...
The effects of timber harvesting on the structure and composition of adjacent old-growth coast redwood forest, California, USA
William H. Russell, C. Jones
2001, Landscape Ecology (16) 731-741
Data collected across timber harvest boundaries on nine sites within the Redwood National and State Park management area in California, USA, were used to estimate the effective size of old-growth coast redwood preserves. Fourteen variables related to stand structure and composition, wildlife habitat, and physical environment were significantly correlated to...
Morphometrics, sexual dimorphism, and growth in the Angonoka tortoise (Geochelone yniphora) of western Madagascar
Lora L. Smith, Miguel Pedrono, Robert M. Dorazio, Jack Bishko
2001, African Journal of Herpetology (50) 9-18
The most recent description of the morphology of the rare endemic Madagascar tortoise,Geochelone yniphora was based on fewer than 20 specimens. We collected morphological data for 200 free‐ranging tortoises from five populations over a four‐year period. Tortoises ranged in size from 43.5 mm carapace length at hatching to a maximum of...
Using absolute gravimeter data to determine vertical gravity gradients
D.S. Robertson
2001, Metrologia (38) 147-153
The position versus time data from a free-fall absolute gravimeter can be used to estimate the vertical gravity gradient in addition to the gravity value itself. Hipkin has reported success in estimating the vertical gradient value using a data set of unusually good quality. This paper explores techniques that may...
Chemical and optical changes in freshwater dissolved organic matter exposed to solar radiation
C.L. Osburn, D.P. Morris, K. A. Thorn, R.E. Moeller
2001, Biogeochemistry (54) 251-278
We studied the chemical and optical changes inthe dissolved organic matter (DOM) from twofreshwater lakes and a Sphagnum bog afterexposure to solar radiation. Stable carbonisotopes and solid-state 13C-NMR spectraof DOM were used together with optical andchemical data to interpret results fromexperimental exposures of DOM to sunlight andfrom seasonal observations of...
Crocoite: An unusual mode of occurrence for lead in coal
Z. Li, T.A. Moore, S.D. Weaver, R. B. Finkelman
2001, International Journal of Coal Geology (45) 289-293
What is believed to be a very unusual mode of occurrence for lead in coal has been identified as crocoite (PbCrO4). As part of a larger study on trace elements and mineralogy in the Cretaceous Main Seam in New Zealand, crocoite was found in raw coal samples within the lower...
Magmatic gas scrubbing: Implications for volcano monitoring
R.B. Symonds, T.M. Gerlach, M.H. Reed
2001, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (108) 303-341
Despite the abundance of SO2(g) in magmatic gases, precursory increases in magmatic SO2(g) are not always observed prior to volcanic eruption, probably because many terrestrial volcanoes contain abundant groundwater or surface water that scrubs magmatic gases until a dry pathway to the atmosphere is established. To better understand scrubbing and...
National-scale, field-based evaluation of the biota - Sediment accumulation factor model
Charles S. Wong, Paul D. Capel, Lisa H. Nowell
2001, Environmental Science & Technology (35) 1709-1715
The biota - sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) model has been suggested as a simple tool to predict bioaccumulation of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs)in fish and other aquatic biota from measured concentrations in sediment based on equilibrium partitioning between the sediment organic carbon and biotic lipid pools. Currently, evaluation of this...
Economic development and conservation of biological and cultural diversity in Yunnan Province, China
Rey C. Stendell, Richard L. Johnson, J.P. Mosesso, X. Zhang
2001, Environmental Development and Sustainability (2) 333-345
Chinese and American scientists are co-operating to develop concepts, strategies, agreements, and proposals in support of an economic development and sustainable ecosystems project in Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China. Yunnan's Provincial Government has initiated a major programme to develop and further utilise its biological resources to help improve economic...
Implications for eruptive processes as indicated by sulfur dioxide emissions from Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, 1979-1997
A. J. Sutton, T. Elias, T.M. Gerlach, J. B. Stokes
2001, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (108) 283-302
Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, currently hosts the longest running SO2 emission-rate data set on the planet, starting with initial surveys done in 1975 by Stoiber and his colleagues. The 17.5-year record of summit emissions, starting in 1979, shows the effects of summit and east rift eruptive processes, which define seven distinctly...
Empirical Green's function analysis of recent moderate events in California
S. E. Hough
2001, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (91) 456-467
I use seismic data from portable digital stations and the broadband Terrascope network in southern California to investigate radiated earthquake source spectra and discuss the results in light of previous studies on both static stress drop and apparent stress. Applying the empirical Green's function (EGF) method to two sets of...
A comparison of U.S. geological survey seamless elevation models with shuttle radar topography mission data
D. Gesch, J. Williams, W. Miller
2001, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
Elevation models produced from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data will be the most comprehensive, consistently processed, highest resolution topographic dataset ever produced for the Earth's land surface. Many applications that currently use elevation data will benefit from the increased availability of data with higher accuracy, quality, and resolution, especially...
Home range and territoriality of two Hawaiian honeycreepers, the 'Akohekohe and Maui Parrotbill
Thane K. Pratt, John C. Simon, Brian P. Farm, Kim E. Berlin, James R. Kowalsky
2001, Condor (103) 746-755
Hawaiian honeycreepers have radiated into a diversity of trophic niches and patterns of space-use. We investigated space-use in two honeycreeper species, the ‘Ākohekohe (Palmeria dolei), an endangered nectarivore, and Maui Parrotbill (Pseudonestor xanthophrys), an endangered wood excavator, by mapping the home ranges and dispersion of color-banded individuals at a study...
Optimal estimation of suspended-sediment concentrations in streams
D. J. Holtschlag
2001, Hydrological Processes (15) 1133-1155
Optimal estimators are developed for computation of suspended-sediment concentrations in streams. The estimators are a function of parameters, computed by use of generalized least squares, which simultaneously account for effects of streamflow, seasonal variations in average sediment concentrations, a dynamic error component, and the uncertainty in concentration measurements. The parameters...
Applicability of NASQAN data for ecosystem assessments on the Missouri River
Dale W. Blevins, James Fairchild
2001, Hydrological Processes (15) 1347-1362
The effectiveness of ecological restoration efforts on large developed rivers is often unknown because comprehensive ecological monitoring programs are often absent. Although Eulerian water-quality monitoring programs, such as the National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) program, are more common, they are usually not designed for ecological assessment. Therefore, this paper...
Microsatellite analyses of the trout of northwest Mexico
J.L. Nielsen, G. Kevin Sage
2001, Genetica (111) 269-278
The trout of northwest Mexico represent an undescribed group of fish considered part of the Oncorhynchus mykiss (Pacific trout) complex of species and subspecies. Recent genetic studies have shown these fish to have important genetic diversity and a unique evolutionary history when compared to coastal rainbow trout. Increased levels of...
Modeling consolidation and dewatering near the toe of the northern Barbados accretionary complex
P. Stauffer, B.A. Bekins
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 6369-6383
At the toe of the northern Barbados accretionary complex, temperature and pore water chemistry data indicate that fluid flow is channeled along the décollement and other shallow thrust faults. We examine mechanisms that may prevent consolidation and maintain high permeability over large sections of the décollement. High-resolution bulk density data...
Coastline complexity: A parameter for functional classification of coastal environments
J.D. Bartley, R. W. Buddemeier, D.A. Bennett
2001, Conference Paper, Journal of Sea Research
To understand the role of the world's coastal zone (CZ) in global biogeochemical fluxes (particularly those of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediments) we must generalise from a limited number of observations associated with a few well-studied coastal systems to the global scale. Global generalisation must be based on globally available...
Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98
William A. Battaglin, Carol Kendall, Cecily C.Y. Chang, Steven R. Silva, K. Campbell
2001, Hydrological Processes (15) 1285-1300
Nitrate (NO3) and other nutrients discharged by the Mississippi River are suspected of causing a zone of depleted dissolved oxygen (hypoxic zone) in the Gulf of Mexico each summer. The hypoxic zone may have an adverse affect on aquatic life and commercial fisheries. The amount of NO3 delivered by the...
Utility of stable isotope analysis in studying foraging ecology of herbivores: Examples from moose and caribou
Merav Ben-David, Einav Shochat, Layne G. Adams
2001, Alces (37) 421-434
Recently, researchers emphasized that patterns of stable isotope ratios observed at the individual level are a result of an interaction between ecological, physiological, and biochemical processes. Isotopic models for herbivores provide additional complications because those mammals consume foods that have high variability in nitrogen concentrations. In addition, distribution of amino...
