Applications of imaging spectroscopy data: A case study at Summitville, Colorado
Trude King, Roger N. Clark, Gregg A. Swayze
2000, Book chapter, Remote sensing for site characterization
From 1985 through 1992, the Summitville open-pit mine produced gold from lowgrade ore using cyanide heap-leach techniques, a method to extract gold whereby the ore pile is sprayed with water containing cyanide, which dissolves the minute gold grains. Environmental problems due to mining activity at Summitville include significant increases in...
Elements in cottonwood trees as an indicator of ground water contaminated by landfill leachate
James A. Erdman, Scott Christenson
2000, Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation (20) 120-126
Ground water at the Norman Landfill Research Site is contaminated by a leachate plume emanating from a closed, unlined landfill formerly operated by the city of Norman, Oklahoma, Ground water contaminated by the leachate plume is known to be elevated in the concentration of many, organic and inorganic constituents. Specific...
The derivation of World Magnetic Model 2000
Susan Macmillan, John M. Quinn
2000, British Geological Survey Technical Report WM/00/17R
This report contains a detailed summary of the data used, the modelling techniques employed and the results obtained in the production of the World Magnetic Model 2000. This model is designed for use in air and sea navigation systems and is valid till 2005.0. The derivation of World Magnetic Model...
Verification of remotely sensed data
Trude King, Roger N. Clark
Friedrich Kuehn, Trude V. V. King, Bernhard Hoerig, Douglas C. Peters, editor(s)
2000, Book chapter, Remote sensing for site characterization
Ground or field checks are an important part of any remote sensing study and are necessary to provide an accurate and useful interpretive product. Field checking is necessary to confirm the validity of spectral, spatial, and morphological interpretations. In general, field checking should be done during all stages of any...
Application of snow models to snow removal operations on the Going-to-the-Sun Road, Glacier National Park
Daniel B. Fagre, Frederick L. Klasner
2000, Book, Proceedings of the 2000 International Snow Science Workshop
Snow removal, and the attendant avalanche risk for road crews, is a major issue on mountain highways worldwide. The Going-to-the-Sun Road is the only road that crosses Glacier National Park, Montana. This 80-km highway ascends over 1200m along the wall of a glaciated basin and crosses the continental divide. The...
Isotopic studies of authigenic sulfides, silicates and carbonates, and calcite and pyrite veinlets in the Creede Formation, San Juan Mountains, Southwest Colorado
Philip M. Bethke, Robert O. Rye, David B. Finkelstein
2000, GSA Special Papers (346) 267-286
Sulfur isotope analysis of authigenic pyrite in the Creede Formation documents its precipitation by the reaction between iron in the volcaniclastic sediments and H2S formed through bacteriogenic reduction of sulfate added to the lake during and immediately following repeated volcanic eruptions during sedimentation. Pyrite veinlets in the underlying Snowshoe Mountain...
Equations for estimating Clark unit-hydrograph parameters for small rural watersheds in Illinois
Timothy D. Straub, Charles S. Melching, Kyle E. Kocher
2000, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4184
Equations for estimating the time of concentration (TC) and storage coefficient (R) of the Clark unit-hydrograph method were developed for small rural watersheds [0.02–2.3 square miles (mi2)] in Illinois. The equations will provide State and local engineers and planners with more accurate methods to estimate the TC and R for...
Bird community composition
T. J. Antrobus, M.P. Guilfoyle, W.C. Barrow Jr., P.B. Hamel, J.S. Wakeley
2000, Book chapter, The Coosawhatchie Bottomland Ecosystem Study: a report on the development of a reference wetland
Neotropical migrants are birds that breed in North America and winter primarily in Central and South America. Long-term population studies of birds in the Eastern United States indicated declines of some forest-dwelling birds, many of which winter in the Neotropics (Peterjohn and others 1995). These declines were attributed to loss...
Vegetation and soils
M.K. Burke, S.L. King, M.H. Eisenbies, D. Gartner
2000, Book chapter, The Coosawhatchie Bottomland Ecosystem Study: a report on the development of a reference wetland
haracterization of bottomland hardwood vegetation in relatively undisturbed forests can provide critical information for developing effective wetland creation and restoration techniques and for assessing the impacts of management and development. Classification is a useful technique in characterizing vegetation because it summarizes complex data sets, assists in hypothesis generation about factors...
Hydrogeologic setting and potential for denitrification in ground water, Coastal Plain of southern Maryland
David E. Krantz, David S. Powars
2000, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4051
The types and distribution of Coastal Plain sediments in the Patuxent River Basin may contribute to relatively low concentrations of nitrate (typically less than 1 milligram per liter) in stream base flow because of the chemical reduction of dissolved nitrate (denitrification) in ground water. Water chemistry data from synoptic stream...
Sr and Nd isotopic compositions, age and petrogenesis of A-type granitoids of the Vernon Supersuite, New Jersey Highlands, USA
R.A. Volkert, M.D. Feigenson, L.C. Patino, J.S. Delaney, Avery A. Drake Jr.
2000, LITHOS (50) 325-347
Voluminous late Mesoproterozoic monzonite through granite of the Vernon Supersuite underlies an area of approximately 1300 km2 in the Highlands of northern New Jersey. The Vernon Supersuite consists of hastingsite ?? biotite-bearing granitoids of the Byram Intrusive Suite (BIS) and hedenbergite-bearing granitoids of the Lake Hopatcong Intrusive Suite (LHIS). These...
Monitoring air quality in mountains: Designing an effective network
D. L. Peterson
2000, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (64) 81-91
A quantitatively robust yet parsimonious air-quality monitoring network in mountainous regions requires special attention to relevant spatial and temporal scales of measurement and inference. The design of monitoring networks should focus on the objectives required by public agencies, namely: 1) determine if some threshold has been exceeded (e.g., for regulatory...
Influence of net freshwater supply on salinity in Florida Bay
William K. Nuttle, James W. Fourqurean, Bernard J. Cosby, Joseph C. Zieman, Michael B. Robblee
2000, Water Resources Research (36) 1805-1822
An annual water budget for Florida Bay, the large, seasonally hypersaline estuary in the Everglades National Park, was constructed using physically based models and long‐term (31 years) data on salinity, hydrology, and climate. Effects of seasonal and interannual variations of the net freshwater supply (runoff plus rainfall...
Fire frequency in the Interior Columbia River Basin: Building regional models from fire history data
D. McKenzie, D. L. Peterson, James K. Agee
2000, Ecological Applications (10) 1497-1516
Fire frequency affects vegetation composition and successional pathways; thus it is essential to understand fire regimes in order to manage natural resources at broad spatial scales. Fire history data are lacking for many regions for which fire management decisions are being made, so models are needed to estimate past fire...
Non-destructive measurement of soil liquefaction density change by crosshole radar tomography, Treasure Island, California
Robert E. Kayen, Walter A. Barnhardt, Scott Ashford, Kyle Rollins
2000, Book, Proceedings of Sessions of Geo-Denver 2000 - Computer Simulation of Earthquake Effects, GSP 110
A ground penetrating radar (GPR) experiment at the Treasure Island Test Site [TILT] was performed to non-destructively image the soil column for changes in density prior to, and following, a liquefaction event. The intervening liquefaction was achieved by controlled blasting. A geotechnical borehole radar technique was used to acquire high-resolution...
Precipitation areal-reduction factor estimation using an annual-maxima centered approach
W.H. Asquith, J.S. Famiglietti
2000, Journal of Hydrology (230) 55-69
The adjustment of precipitation depth of a point storm to an effective (mean) depth over a watershed is important for characterizing rainfall-runoff relations and for cost-effective designs of hydraulic structures when design storms are considered. A design storm is the precipitation point depth having a specified duration and frequency (recurrence...
Guidelines for model calibration and application to flow simulation in the Death Valley regional groundwater system
M. C. Hill, F. A. D’Agnese, C.C. Faunt
2000, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
Fourteen guidelines are described which are intended to produce calibrated groundwater models likely to represent the associated real systems more accurately than typically used methods. The 14 guidelines are discussed in the context of the calibration of a regional groundwater flow model of the Death Valley region in the southwestern...
Sequential dome-collapse nuées ardentes analyzed from broadband seismic data, Merapi Volcano, Indonesia
A. Brodscholl, S.B. Kirbani, B. Voight
2000, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (100) 363-369
During the sequential dome collapse of Merapi Volcano on 22 November 1994, a broadband seismic station on the western slope was the only operational seismic equipment that provided continuous on-scale recording of the event. According to visual and seismic observations, the collapse activity lasted about 10 h. We divide the...
Spatial modeling of the geographic distribution of wildlife populations: A case study in the lower Mississippi River region
W. Ji, C. Jeske
2000, Ecological Modelling (132) 95-104
A geographic information system (GIS)-based spatial modeling approach was developed to study environmental and land use impacts on the geographic distribution of wintering northern pintails (Arias acuta) in the Lower Mississippi River region. Pintails were fitted with backpack radio transmitter packages at Catahoula Lake, LA, in October 1992-1994 and located...
Reservoir characterization of marine and permafrost associated gas hydrate accumulations with downhole well logs
T. S. Collett, Myung W. Lee
2000, Conference Paper, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Gas volumes that may be attributed to a gas hydrate accumulation depend on a number of reservoir parameters, one of which, gas-hydrate saturation, can be assessed with data obtained from downhole well-logging devices. This study demonstrates that electrical resistivity and acoustic transit-time downhole log data can be used to quantify...
Dating of major normal fault systems using thermochronology: An example from the Raft River detachment, Basin and Range, western United States
M.L. Wells, L.W. Snee, A.E. Blythe
2000, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (105) 16303-16327
Application of thermochronological techniques to major normal fault systems can resolve the timing of initiation and duration of extension, rates of motion on detachment faults, timing of ductile mylonite formation and passage of rocks through the crystal-plastic to brittle transition, and multiple events of extensional unroofing. Here we determine the...
Fracture process zone in granite
A. Zang, F.C. Wagner, S. Stanchits, C. Janssen, G. Dresen
2000, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (105) 23651-23661
In uniaxial compression tests performed on Aue granite cores (diameter 50 mm, length 100 mm), a steel loading plate was used to induce the formation of a discrete shear fracture. A zone of distributed microcracks surrounds the tip of the propagating fracture. This process zone is imaged by locating acoustic...
The enigma of the Arthur's Pass, New Zealand, earthquake: 1. Reconciling a variety of data for an unusual earthquake sequence
R.E. Abercrombie, T.H. Webb, R. Robinson, P.J. McGinty, J.J. Mori, R.J. Beavan
2000, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (105) 16119-16137
The 1994 Arthur's Pass earthquake (MW6.7) is the largest in a recent sequence of earthquakes in the central South Island, New Zealand. No surface rupture was observed, the aftershock distribution was complex, and routine methods of obtaining the faulting orientation of this earthquake proved contradictory. We use a range of...
Natal dispersal in the cooperatively breeding Acorn Woodpecker
Walter D. Koenig, P.N. Hooge, M.T. Stanback, J. Haydock
2000, Condor (102) 492-502
Dispersal data are inevitably biased toward short-distance events, often highly so. We illustrate this problem using our long-term study of Acorn Woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus) in central coastal California. Estimating the proportion of birds disappearing from the study area and correcting for detectability within the maximum observable distance are the first...
The thermal inertia of Mars from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer
Bruce M. Jakosky, Michael T. Mellon, Hugh H. Kieffer, Phillip R. Christensen, E. Stacy Varnes, Steven W. Lee
2000, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (105) 9643-9652
We have used Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Thermal Emission Spectrometer thermal emission measurements to derive the thermal inertia of the Martian surface at the ∼100-km spatial scale. We have validated the use of nighttime-only measurements to derive thermal inertia as well as the use of a single wavelength band versus...
