A surface-associated activity trap for capturing water surface and aquatic invertebrates in wetlands
Mark A. Hanson, Christiane C. Roy, Ned H. Euliss Jr., Kyle D. Zimmer, Michael R. Riggs, Malcolm G. Butler
2000, Wetlands (20) 205-212
We developed a surface-associated activity trap (SAT) for sampling aquatic invertebrates in wetlands. We compared performance of this trap with that of a conventional activity trap (AT) based on non-detection rates and relative abundance estimates for 13 taxa of common wetland invertebrates and for taxon richness using data from experiments...
An Exploratory Analysis of the Biogeographic Distribution of Herpetofauna (Reptiles and Amphibians) And Environmental Variation in San Diego County Using Museum Records and Survey Data
S.A. Hathaway
2000, Thesis
No abstract available at this time...
Response of geese to aircraft disturbances
David H. Ward, Robert A. Stehn, Dirk V. Derksen
2000, Conference Paper, Effects of noise on wildlife conference (Terra Borealis no. 2)
Low-flying aircraft can affect behavior, physiology, and distribution of wildlife (Manci et al., 1988), and over time, may impact a population by reducing survival and reproductive performance. Thus, it is important to identify the particular aspects of overflights that affect animals so that management strategies can be developed to minimize...
Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Swainson's Hawk
Jill A. Dechant, Meghan F. Dinkins, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Betty R. Euliss
2000, Report, Effects of management practices on grassland birds
Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 5,500 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds...
Estimating effects of constraints on plant performance with regression quantiles
B.S. Cade, Q. Guo
2000, Oikos (91) 245-254
Rates of change in final summer densities of two desert annuals, Eriogonum abertianum and Haplopappus gracilis, as constrained by their initial winter germination densities were estimated with regression quantiles and compared with mechanistic fits based on a self-thinning rule proposed by Guo et al. (1998); Oikos 83: 237–245). The allometric...
Exposure of delta smelt to dissolved pesticides in 1998 and 1999
G. Edward Moon, Kathryn Kuivila, Catherine A. Ruhl, David H. Schoellhamer
2000, Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter (13) 27-33
Delta smelt is a threatened species in the San Francisco Bay Estuary. Pesticide toxicity is a possible cause for the need to list this fish (Bennett and Moyle 1996; Moyle and others 1996). Numerous pesticides are transported into the estuary from area rivers (MacCoy and others 1995). However, there are...
Identifying populations potentially exposed to agricultural pesticides using remote sensing and a Geographic Information System
Mary H. Ward, John R. Nuckols, Stephanie J. Weigel, Susan K. Maxwell, Kenneth P. Cantor, Ryan S. Miller
2000, Environmental Health Perspectives (108) 5-12
Pesticides used in agriculture may cause adverse health effects among the population living near agricultural areas. However, identifying the populations most likely to be exposed is difficult. We conducted a feasibility study to determine whether satellite imagery could be used to reconstruct historical crop patterns. We used historical Farm Service...
The use of principal component analysis for interpreting ground water hydrographs
T. C. Winter, S.E. Mallory, T.R. Allen, D.O. Rosenberry
2000, Ground Water (38) 234-246
Principal component analysis was used to define patterns in water table hydrographs at four small, lake-watershed research sites in the United States. The analysis provided insights into (1) characteristics of ground water recharge in different parts of the watersheds; (2) the effect of seepage from lakes on water table fluctuations;...
Biogeochemical effects of global change on U.S. National Parks
R. Herrmann, R. Stottlemyer, J.C. Zak, R.L. Edmonds, H. Van Miegroet
2000, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (36) 337-346
Federal parks and other public lands have unique mandates and rules regulating their use and conservation. Because of variation in their response to local, regional, and global-scale disturbance, development of mitigation strategies requires substantial research in the context of long-term inventory and monitoring. In 1982, the National Park Service began...
Winter survival of adult female harlequin ducks in relation to history of contamination by the Exxon Valdez oil spill
Daniel Esler, Joel A. Schmutz, R. L. Jarvis, D.M. Mulcahy
2000, Journal of Wildlife Management (64) 839-847
Harlequin duck (Histrionicus histrionicus) life-history characteristics make their populations particularly vulnerable to perturbations during nonbreeding periods. The 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill was a major perturbation to nonbreeding habitats of harlequin ducks in Prince William Sound, Alaska, which resulted in population injury. To assess the status of population recovery from...
Apparent inferiority of first-time breeders in the kittiwake: The role of heterogeneity among age classes
E. Cam, J. #NAME? Monnat
2000, Journal of Animal Ecology (69) 380-394
1. Many studies have provided evidence that first-time breeders have a lower survival, a lower probability of success, or of breeding, in the following year. Hypotheses based on reproductive costs have often been proposed to explain this. However, because of the intrinsic relationship between age and experience, the apparent inferiority...
Risk factors associated with capture-related death in eastern wild turkey hens
D.S. Nicholson, R.L. Lochmiller, M.D. Stewart, R.E. Masters, David M. Leslie Jr.
2000, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (36) 308-315
Capture-related mortality has been a notable risk in the handling of eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris). Our objective was to evaluate how environmental factors influence risk and identify physiological correlates that could be used to identify susceptible birds. During winter (January–March) 1995–97, 130 eastern wild turkey hens were captured...
Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to gas chromatography (GC) - measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in selected US fish extracts
J.L. Zajicek, D. E. Tillitt, T.R. Schwartz, C. J. Schmitt, R.O. Harrison
2000, Chemosphere (40) 539-548
The analysis of PCBs in fish tissues by immunoassay methods was evaluated using fish collected from a US monitoring program, the National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program of the US Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Selected composite whole fish samples, which represented widely varying concentrations and sources of PCBs, were...
Volcanic lake systematics II. Chemical constraints
J.C. Varekamp, G.B. Pasternack, G.L. Rowe Jr.
2000, Book, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
A database of 373 lake water analyses from the published literature was compiled and used to explore the geochemical systematics of volcanic lakes. Binary correlations and principal component analysis indicate strong internal coherence among most chemical parameters. Compositional variations are influenced by the flux of magmatic volatiles and/or deep hydrothermal...
Late-Quaternary recharge determined from chloride in shallow groundwater in the central Great Plains
P. A. Macfarlane, J.F. Clark, M.L. Davisson, G.B. Hudson, Donald O. Whittemore
2000, Quaternary Research (53) 167-174
An extensive suite of isotopic and geochemical tracers in groundwater has been used to provide hydrologic assessments of the hierarchy of flow systems in aquifers underlying the central Great Plains (southeastern Colorado and western Kansas) of the United States and to determine the late Pleistocene and Holocene paleotemperature and paleorecharge...
Mapping forest canopy gaps using air-photo interpretation and ground surveys
T.J. Fox, M. G. Knutson, R. K. Hines
2000, Wildlife Society Bulletin (28) 882-889
Canopy gaps are important structural components of forested habitats for many wildlife species. Recent improvements in the spatial accuracy of geographic information system tools facilitate accurate mapping of small canopy features such as gaps. We compared canopy-gap maps generated using ground survey methods with those derived from air-photo interpretation. We...
Downed wood in Micronesian mangrove forests
J. A. Allen, K. C. Ewel, B. D. Keeland, T. Tara, T. J. Smith III
2000, Wetlands (20) 169-176
Dead, downed wood is an important component of upland forest and aquatic ecosystems, but its role in wetland ecosystems, including mangroves, is poorly understood. We measured downed wood in ten sites on the western Pacific islands of Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap, all located within the Federated States of Micronesia. Our...
The use of waveform shapes to automatically determine earthquake focal depth
S.A. Sipkin
2000, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (90) 248-254
Earthquake focal depth is an important parameter for rapidly determining probable damage caused by a large earthquake. In addition, it is significant both for discriminating between natural events and explosions and for discriminating between tsunamigenic and nontsunamigenic earthquakes. For the purpose of notifying emergency management and disaster relief organizations as...
206Pb-230Th-234U-238U and 207Pb-235U geochronology of Quaternary opal, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
Leonid A. Neymark, Yuri V. Amelin, James B. Paces
2000, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (64) 2913-2928
U–Th–Pb isotopic systems have been studied in submillimeter-thick outermost layers of Quaternary opal occurring in calcite–silica fracture and cavity coatings within Tertiary tuffs at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, USA. These coatings preserve a record of paleohydrologic conditions at this site, which is being evaluated as a potential high-level nuclear waste repository....
Fractured-aquifer hydrogeology from geophysical logs: Brunswick group and Lockatong Formation, Pennsylvania
Roger H. Morin, Lisa A. Senior, Edward R. Decker
2000, Ground Water (38) 182-192
The Brunswick Group and the underlying Lockatong Formation are composed of lithified Mesozoic sediments that constitute part of the Newark Basin in southeastern Pennsylvania. These fractured rocks form an important regional aquifer that consists of gradational sequences of shale, siltstone, and sandstone, with fluid transport occurring primarily in fractures. An...
Chronological refinement of an ice core record at Upper Fremont Glacier in south central North America
P. F. Schuster, D. E. White, D. L. Naftz, L.D. Cecil
2000, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (105) 4657-4666
The potential to use ice cores from alpine glaciers in the midlatitudes to reconstruct paleoclimatic records has not been widely recognized. Although excellent paleoclimatic records exist for the polar regions, paleoclimatic ice core records are not common from midlatitude locations. An ice core removed from the Upper Fremont Glacier in...
Numerical modeling of an enhanced very early time electromagnetic (VETEM) prototype system
T.J. Cui, W.C. Chew, A.A. Aydiner, D.L. Wright, D.V. Smith, J.D. Abraham
2000, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine (42) 17-27
In this paper, two numerical models are presented to simulate an enhanced very early time electromagnetic (VETEM) prototype system, which is used for buried-object detection and environmental problems. Usually, the VETEM system contains a transmitting loop antenna and a receiving loop antenna, which run on a lossy ground to detect...
Application of GPS and GIS to map channel features in Walnut Creek, Iowa
K. E. Schilling, C.F. Wolter
2000, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (36) 1423-1434
A 12-km reach of Walnut Creek was mapped at the Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge in Jasper County, Iowa to identify and prioritize areas of the stream channel in need of further investigation or restoration. Channel features, including streambank conditions, bottom sediment materials and thickness, channel cross-sections, debris dams, tile...
Chlorofluorocarbon dating of herbicide-containing well waters in Fresno and Tulare counties, California
F. Spurlock, K. Burow, N. Dubrovsky
2000, Journal of Environmental Quality (29) 474-483
Simazine, diuron, and bromacil are the most frequently detected currently registered pesticides in California groundwater. These herbicides have been used for several decades in Fresno and Tulare counties, California; however, previous data are inadequate to determine whether the detections are a result of recent or historical applications (i.e., within the...
Effects of water conditions on clutch size, egg volume, and hatchling mass of mallards and gadwalls in the Prairie Pothole Region
Pamela J. Pietz, Gary L. Krapu, Deborah A. Buhl, David A. Brandt
2000, Condor (102) 936-940
We examined the relationship between local water conditions (measured as the percent of total area of basins that was covered by water) and clutch size, egg volume, and hatchling mass of Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and Gadwalls (A. strepera) on four study sites in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota...
