Seismic-reflection evidence that the hayward fault extends into the lower crust of the San Francisco Bay Area, California
T. Parsons
1998, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (88) 1212-1223
This article presents deep seismic-reflection data from an experiment across San Francisco Peninsula in 1995 using large (125 to 500 kg) explosive sources. Shot gathers show a mostly nonreflective upper crust in both the Franciscan and Salinian terranes (juxtaposed across the San Andreas...
Molybdate transport in a chemically complex aquifer: Field measurements compared with solute-transport model predictions
Kenneth G. Stollenwerk
1998, Water Resources Research (34) 2727-2740
A natural-gradient tracer test was conducted in an unconfined sand and gravel aquifer on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Molybdate was included in the injectate to study the effects of variable groundwater chemistry on its aqueous distribution and to evaluate the reliability of laboratory experiments for identifying and quantifying reactions that control...
Application of the surface complexation concept to complex mineral assemblages
J.A. Davis, J.A. Coston, D.B. Kent, C. C. Fuller
1998, Environmental Science & Technology (32) 2820-2828
Two types of modeling approaches are illustrated for describing inorganic contaminant adsorption in aqueous environments: (a) the component additivity approach and (b) the generalized composite approach. Each approach is applied to simulate Zn2+ adsorption by a well-characterized sediment collected from an aquifer at Cape Cod, MA. Zn2+ adsorption by the...
Structural control of coalbed methane production in Alabama
J.C. Pashin, R.H. Groshong Jr.
1998, International Journal of Coal Geology (38) 89-113
Thin-skinned structures are distributed throughout the Alabama coalbed methane fields, and these structures affect the production of gas and water from coal-bearing strata. Extensional structures in Deerlick Creek and Cedar Cove fields include normal faults and hanging-wall rollovers, and area balancing indicates that these structures are detached in the Pottsville...
Well log evaluation of gas hydrate saturations
Timothy S. Collett
1998, Conference Paper, Transactions of the SPWLA Annual Logging Symposium (Society of Professional Well Log Analysts)
The amount of gas sequestered in gas hydrates is probably enormous, but estimates are highly speculative due to the lack of previous quantitative studies. Gas volumes that may be attributed to a gas hydrate accumulation within a given geologic setting are dependent on a number of reservoir parameters; one of...
Long-term effects of a lock and dam and greentree reservoir management on a bottomland hardwood forest
S.L. King, J. A. Allen, J.W. McCoy
1998, Forest Ecology and Management (112) 213-226
We investigated the long-term effects of a lock and dam and greentree reservoir management on a riparian bottomland hardwood forest in southern Arkansas, USA, by monitoring stress, mortality, and regeneration of bottomland hardwood trees in 53 permanent sampling plots from 1987-1995. The lock and dam and greentree reservoir management have...
Landfalling Tropical Cyclones: Forecast Problems and Associated Research Opportunities
F.D. Marks, L.K. Shay, G. Barnes, P. Black, M. Demaria, B. McCaul, J. Mounari, M. Montgomery, M. Powell, J.D. Smith, B. Tuleya, G. Tripoli, Lingtian Xie, R. Zehr
1998, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (79) 305-323
The Fifth Prospectus Development Team of the U.S. Weather Research Program was charged to identify and delineate emerging research opportunities relevant to the prediction of local weather, flooding, and coastal ocean currents associated with landfalling U.S. hurricanes specifically, and tropical cyclones in general. Central to this theme are basic and...
Birds of the Indigirka River Delta, Russia: Historical and biogeographic comparisons
John M. Pearce, Daniel Esler, Andrei G. Degtyarev
1998, Arctic (51) 361-370
We documented the breeding status and relative abundance of all avian species on the coastal portion of the Indigirka River Delta during spring and summer 1993-95. Data on avifaunal composition were then compared to data from adjacent areas from Eastern Siberia to the Chukotka Peninsula to evaluate how species composition...
Nonlinear refraction and reflection travel time tomography
Jiahua Zhang, Uri S. ten Brink, M.N. Toksoz
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 29743-29757
We develop a rapid nonlinear travel time tomography method that simultaneously inverts refraction and reflection travel times on a regular velocity grid. For travel time and ray path calculations, we apply a wave front method employing graph theory. The first-arrival refraction travel times are calculated on the basis of cell...
Poroelastic rebound along the Landers 1992 earthquake surface rupture
G. Peltzer, P. Rosen, F. Rogez, K. Hudnut
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 30131-30145
Maps of surface displacement following the 1992 Landers, California, earthquake, generated by interferometric processing of ERS-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, reveal effects of various postseismic deformation processes along the 1992 surface rupture. The large-scale pattern of the postseismic displacement field includes large lobes, mostly visible on the west side...
Measurement of stream channel habitat using sonar
Marshall Flug, Heather Seitz, John Scott
1998, Regulated Rivers: Research & Management (14) 511-517
An efficient and low cost technique using a sonar system was evaluated for describing channel geometry and quantifying inundated area in a large river. The boat-mounted portable sonar equipment was used to record water depths and river width measurements for direct storage on a laptop computer. The field data collected...
Nesting ecology of Spectacled Eiders Somateria fischeri on the Indigirka River Delta, Russia
John M. Pearce, Daniel Esler, Andrei G. Degtyarev
1998, Wildfowl (49) 110-123
In 1994 and 1995 we investigated breeding biology and nest site habitat of Spectacled Eiders on two study areas within the coastal fringe of the Indigirka River Delta, Russia (71°20' N, 150°20' E). Spectacled Eiders were first observed on 6 June in both years and nesting commenced by mid-June. Average...
Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife
M. Van den Berg, L. Birnbaum, A. T. C. Bosveld, B. Brunstrom, P. Cook, M. Feeley, J. P. Giesy, A. Hanberg, R. Hasegawa, S. W. Kennedy, T. Kubiak, J. C. Larsen, F. X. R. Van Leeuwen, A. K. D. Liem, C. Nolt, R. E. Peterson, L. Poellinger, S. Safe, D. Schrenk, Donald E. Tillitt, M. Tysklind, M. Younes, F. Waern, T. Zacharewski
1998, Environmental Health Perspectives (106) 775-792
An expert meeting was organized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and held in Stockholm on 15-18 June 1997. The objective of this meeting was to derive consensus toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxinlike polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for both human, fish, and wildlife...
Predicting CH4 adsorption capacity of microporous carbon using N2 isotherm and a new analytical model
Jielun Sun, S. Chen, M. Rostam-Abadi, M.J. Rood
1998, ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints (43) 596-599
A new analytical pore size distribution (PSD) model was developed to predict CH4 adsorption (storage) capacity of microporous adsorbent carbon. The model is based on a 3-D adsorption isotherm equation, derived from statistical mechanical principles. Least squares error minimization is used to solve the PSD without any pre-assumed distribution function....
Depth of the base of the Jackson aquifer, based on geophysical exploration, southern Jackson Hole, Wyoming, USA
Bernard T. Nolan, David L. Campbell, R. Michael Senterfit
1998, Hydrogeology Journal (6) 374-382
A geophysical survey was conducted to determine the depth of the base of the water-table aquifer in the southern part of Jackson Hole, Wyoming, USA. Audio-magnetotellurics (AMT) measurements at 77 sites in the study area yielded electrical-resistivity logs of the subsurface, and these were used to infer lithologic changes with...
Numerical modelling of vertically extensive groundwater bodies in Maui, Hawaii: An alternative to perched aquifers
S. B. Gingerich
1998, IAHS-AISH Publication 167-174
Groundwater in East Maui, Hawaii is traditionally described as a series of discrete aquifers perched on low-permeability units underlain by a basal lens with heads of about 2-3 m. An alternative concept, a fully saturated aquifer to as much as 1400 m elevation, was investigated using a numerical model with...
Surface-seismic imaging for nehrp soil profile classifications and earthquake hazards in urban areas
R. A. Williams, W. J. Stephenson, J. K. Odum
1998, Geotechnical Special Publication 165-177
We acquired high-resolution seismic-refraction data on the ground surface in selected areas of the San Fernando Valley (SFV) to help explain the earthquake damage patterns and the variation in ground motion caused by the 17 January 1994 magnitude 6.7 Northridge earthquake. We used these data to determine the compressional- and...
Application of well data in oil and gas assessment - Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
Philip H. Nelson, Christopher J. Schenk, Kenneth J. Bird
1998, Conference Paper, Transactions of the SPWLA Annual Logging Symposium (Society of Professional Well Log Analysts)
A current assessment of oil and gas resources in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge 1002 area by the U.S. Geological Survey relies upon seismic data, geological mapping of exposures south and west of the assessment area and exploratory wells. Well data assembled for the 41 wells include: well logs, core...
Coalbed methane resource potential and current prospects in Pennsylvania
A.K. Markowski
1998, International Journal of Coal Geology (38) 137-159
Coalbed methane gas content analyses from exploratory coal cores and existing data indicate that gas content generally increases with increasing depth and rank. The coal beds studied are from the Main Bituminous field of Pennsylvania (which currently contains 24 coalbed methane pools) and the Northern and Southern Anthracite coal fields....
The role of freshwater habitats for the reproduction of common bream Abramis brama (L.) in a brackish water system
R. Kafemann, R. Thiel, J.E. Finn, R. Neukamm
1998, Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii (45) 225-244
Abundance and biomass data for juveniles and adults, length frequency histograms and the electron microprobe analysis (EPMA) of otoliths were used to indicate density, migration and reproduction of common bream Abramis brama in the Kiel Canal drainage, Germany. The reproduction of common bream was primarily restricted to two types of...
High-resolution multibeam bathymetry of East and West Flower Gardens and Stetson Banks, Gulf of Mexico
James V. Gardner, Larry A. Mayer, John E. Hughes Clarke, A. Kleiner
1998, Gulf of Mexico Science (16) 131-143
The 1990s have seen rapid advances in seafloor mapping technology. Multibeam sonars are now capable of mapping a wide range of water depths with beams as narrow as 1°, and provide up to a 150° swath. When these multibeam sonars are coupled with an extremely accurate vehicle motion sensor and...
Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: Report of the Subcommittee on Zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names
D.S. Coombs, A. Alberti, T. Armbruster, G. Artioli, C. Colella, E. Galli, Joel D. Grice, F. Liebau, J.A. Mandarino, H. Minato, E.H. Nickel, E. Passaglia, D.R. Peacor, S. Quartieri, R. Rinaldi, M. Ross, R.A. Sheppard, E. Tillmanns, G. Vezzalini
1998, European Journal of Mineralogy (10) 1037-1081
This report embodies recommendations on zeolite nomenclature approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. In a working definition of a zeolite mineral used for this review, structures containing an interrupted containing an interrupted framework of tetrahedra are accepted where other zeolitic properties prevail, and...
Radar attenuation tomography using the centroid frequency downshift method
L. Liu, J. W. Lane, Y. Quan
1998, Journal of Applied Geophysics (40) 105-116
A method for tomographically estimating electromagnetic (EM) wave attenuation based on analysis of centroid frequency downshift (CFDS) of impulse radar signals is described and applied to cross-hole radar data. The method is based on a constant-Q model, which assumes a linear frequency dependence of attenuation...
Spatial and temporal study of nitrate concentration in groundwater by means of coregionalization
V. D’Agostino, E.A. Greene, G. Passarella, M. Vurro
1998, Environmental Geology (36) 285-295
Spatial and temporal behavior of hydrochemical parameters in groundwater can be studied using tools provided by geostatistics. The cross-variogram can be used to measure the spatial increments between observations at two given times as a function of distance (spatial structure). Taking into account the existence of such a spatial structure,...
Soil carbon stocks and their rates of accumulation and loss in a boreal forest landscape
G. Rapalee, S.E. Trumbore, E.A. Davidson, Jennifer W. Harden, H. Veldhuis
1998, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (12) 687-701
Boreal forests and wetlands are thought to be significant carbon sinks, and they could become net C sources as the Earth warms. Most of the C of boreal forest ecosystems is stored in the moss layer and in the soil. The objective of this study was to estimate soil C...
