Infrared measurements of pristine and disturbed soils 1. Spectral contrast differences between field and laboratory data
J. R. Johnson, P. G. Lucey, K.A. Horton, E.M. Winter
1998, Remote Sensing of Environment (64) 34-46
Comparison of emissivity spectra (8-13 ??m) of pristine soils in the field with laboratory reflectance spectra of the same soils showed that laboratory spectra tend to have less spectral contrast than field spectra (see following article). We investigated this the phenomenon by measuring emission spectra of both undisturbed (in situ)...
Stochastic calibration of an orographic percipitation model
L.E. Hay
1998, Hydrological Processes (12) 613-634
In this study a stochastic approach to calibration of an orographic precipitation model (Rhea, 1978) was applied in the Gunnison River Basin of south-western Colorado. The stochastic approach to model calibration was used to determine: (1) the model parameter uncertainty and sensitivity; (2) the grid-cell resolution to run the model...
Sex-steroid and thyroid hormone concentrations in juvenile alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) from contaminated and reference lakes in Florida, USA
D.A. Grain, L.J. Guillette Jr., D.B. Pickford, H.F. Percival, A.R. Woodward
1998, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (17) 446-452
Sex-steroid and thyroid hormones are critical regulators of growth and reproduction in all vertebrates, and several recent studies suggest that environmental chemicals can alter circulating concentrations of these hormones. This study examines plasma concentrations of estradiol-171?? (E2), testosterone (T), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) in juvenile alligators (60-140 cm total...
Anthropogenic effects on winter behavior of ferruginous hawks
D.L. Plumpton, D. E. Andersen
1998, Journal of Wildlife Management (62) 340-346
Little information is known about the ecology of ferruginous hawks (Buteo regalis) in winter versus the breeding season and less about how the species adapts to fragmented grassland habitats. Accordingly, we studied the behavior of 38 radiotagged ferruginous hawks during 3 winters...
Estimates of annual survival probabilities for adult Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris)
C.A. Langtimm, T. J. O'Shea, R. Pradel, C.A. Beck
1998, Ecology (79) 981-997
The population dynamics of large, long-lived mammals are particularly sensitive to changes in adult survival. Understanding factors affecting survival patterns is therefore critical for developing and testing theories of population dynamics and for developing management strategies aimed at preventing declines or extinction in such taxa. Few studies have used modern...
Comparative sensitivity of five species of macrophytes and six species of algae to atrazine, metribuzin, alachlor, and metolachlor
James F. Fairchild, Shane Ruessler, A. Ron Carlson
1998, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (17) 1830-1834
This study determined the relative sensitivity of five species of aquatic macrophytes and six species of algae to four commonly used herbicides (atrazine, metribuzin, alachlor, and metolachlor). Toxicity tests consisted of 96-h (duckweed and algae) or 14-d (submerged macrophytes) static exposures. The triazine herbicides (atrazine and metribuzin) were significantly more...
Production of bromoform and dibromomethane by Giant Kelp: Factors affecting release and comparison to anthropogenic bromine sources
K.D. Goodwin, W.J. North, M.E. Lidstrom
1998, Limnology and Oceanography (42) 1725-1734
Macrocystis pyrifera (Giant Kelp), a dominant macroalgal species in southern California, produced 171 ng per g fresh wt (gfwt) per day of CHBr3 and 48 ng gfwt-1 d-1 of CH2Br2 during laboratory incubations of whole blades. Comparable rates were measured during in situ incubations of intact fronds. Release of CHBr3...
Evaluation of radio-tracking and strip transect methods for determining foraging ranges of Black-Legged Kittiwakes
William D. Ostrand, G.S. Drew, R.M. Suryan, L.L. McDonald
1998, The Condor (100) 709-718
We compared strip transect and radio-tracking methods of determining foraging range of Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). The mean distance birds were observed from their colony determined by radio-tracking was significantly greater than the mean value calculated from strip transects. We determined that this difference was due to two sources of...
Hydrology of prairie pothole wetlands during drought and deluge: A 17-year study of the Cottonwood Lake wetland complex in North Dakota in the perspective of longer term measured and proxy hydrological records
T. C. Winter, D.O. Rosenberry
1998, Climatic Change (40) 189-209
From 1988 to 1992 the north-central plains of North America had a drought that was followed by a wet period that continues to the present (1997). Data on the hydrology of the Cottonwood Lake area (CWLA) collected for nearly 10 years before, and during, the recent dry and wet periods...
Mapping the global land surface using 1 km AVHRR data
D. T. Lauer, J.C. Eidenshink
1998, Space Technology (18) 71-76
The scientific requirements for mapping the global land surface using 1 km advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) data have been set forth by the U.S. Global Change Research Program; the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP); The United Nations; the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); the Committee on Earth...
Sampling-variance effects on detecting density dependence from temporal trends in natural populations
Tanya M Shenk, Gary C. White, Kenneth P. Burnham
1998, Ecological Monographs (68) 445-463
Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to evaluate robustness of four tests to detect density dependence, from series of population abundances, to the addition of sampling variance. Population abundances were generated from random walk, stochastic exponential growth, and density-dependent population models. Population abundance estimates were generated with sampling variances distributed as...
Pier-scour depths affected by clay in Mississippi
K. Van Wilson Jr.
1998, Conference Paper, International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings
This paper briefly presents pier-scour depths measured during 1943-94, that are thought to have been affected by consolidated cohesive materials (clay) in Mississippi. MDOT soil reports were available for 29 measured pier-scour depths thought to be affected by clay. The cohesion and friction angles were approximated for the clay, and...
Sensitivity of condition indices to changing density in a white-tailed deer population
M.G. Sams, R.L. Lochmiller, C.W. Qualls Jr., David M. Leslie Jr.
1998, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (34) 110-125
The ways in which comprehensive condition profiles, incorporating morphometric, histologic, physiologic, and diet quality indices, responded to changes in density of a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) population were examined. Changes in these condition indices were monitored in a northeastern Oklahoma deer herd as...
Assessing map accuracy in a remotely sensed, ecoregion-scale cover map
T.C. Edwards Jr., Gretchen G. Moisen, D.R. Cutler
1998, Remote Sensing of Environment (63) 73-83
Landscape- and ecoregion-based conservation efforts increasingly use a spatial component to organize data for analysis and interpretation. A challenge particular to remotely sensed cover maps generated from these efforts is how best to assess the accuracy of the cover maps, especially when they can exceed 1000 s/km2 in size. Here...
Rapid-estimation method for assessing scour at highway bridges
Stephen R. Holnbeck
1998, Conference Paper, International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings
A method was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey for rapid estimation of scour at highway bridges using limited site data and analytical procedures to estimate pier, abutment, and contraction scour depths. The basis for the method was a procedure recommended by the Federal Highway Administration for conducting detailed scour...
Integrating ecosystem studies: A Bayesian comparison of hypotheses
Milo D. Adkison, Brenda E. Ballachey, James L. Bodkin, Leslie E. Holland-Bartels
F. Funk, T.J. Quinn II, J. Heifetz, J.N. Ianelli, J.E. Powers, J.F. Schweigert, P.J. Sullivan, C.-I. Zhang, editor(s)
1998, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the international symposium on fishery stock assessment models for the 21st century; 15th Lowell Wakefield fisheries symposium
Ecosystem studies are difficult to interpret because of the complexity and number of pathways that may affect a phenomenon of interest. It is not possible to study all aspects of a problem; thus subjective judgment is required to weigh what has been observed in the context of components that were...
Flood tracking chart, Amite River Basin, Louisiana
Lawrence E. Callender, Brian E. McCallum, Sebastian R. Brazelton, Mary L. Anderson, Paul A. Ensminger
1998, Open-File Report 96-649
The Amite River Basin flood tracking chart is designed to assist emergency response officials and the local public in making informed decisions about the safety of life and property during floods along the Amite and Comite Rivers and Bayou Manchac in southeastern Louisiana. This chart is similar in concept to...
Nitrate in Ground Waters of the United States--Assessing the Risk
Bernard T. Nolan, Barbara C. Ruddy
1998, Fact Sheet 092-96
Using data compiled by the National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), the USGS has evaluated the potential for nitrate contamination of ground waters in the United States. Soil-drainage characteristics and the amount of nitrogen contributed by fertilizer, manure, and atmospheric sources were found to markedly influence the concentration of nitrate...
Hydrology and quality of ground water in northern Thurston County, Washington
B. W. Drost, G. L. Turney, N. P. Dion, M. A. Jones
1998, Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4109
Northern Thurston County is underlain by as much as 1,800 feet of unconsolidated deposits of Pleistocene Age that are of glacial and nonglacial origin. Iterpretation of approximately 1,140 drillers' logs led to the delineation of seven major geohydrologic units, four of which are significant aquifers. Precipitation ranges from about 35...
Geospatial Technology Applications and Infrastructure in the Biological Resources Division
Frank D’Erchia, James Getter, Terry D. D’Erchia, Ralph Root, Susan Stitt, Barbara White
1998, Information and Technology Report 1998-0001
Executive Summary -- Automated spatial processing technology such as geographic information systems (GIS), telemetry, and satellite-based remote sensing are some of the more recent developments in the long history of geographic inquiry. For millennia, humankind has endeavored to map the Earth's surface and identify spatial relationships. But the precision with...
Water resources data Texas, water year 1997, volume 2. San Jacinto River basin, Brazos River basin, San Bernard River basin, and intervening coastal basins
S. C. Gandara, W.J. Gibbons, F.L. Andrews, R. E. Jones, D.L. Barbie
1998, Water Data Report TX-97-2
No abstract available....
User's manual for the National Water Information System of the U.S. Geological Survey, Chapter 4, Water-Use Data System, Part 2, Aggregate Water-Use Data System
Howard A. Perlman
1998, Open-File Report 98-575
Southeastern Pennsylvania ground water protected area
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1998, Open-File Report 98-571
Geographical Information System data sets were developed by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC). These data are related to groundwater resources for the DRBC's Southeastern Pennsylvania Groundwater Protected Area....
A manual for a Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) for light stable isotopes
Tyler B. Coplen
1998, Open-File Report 98-284
The reliability and accuracy of isotopic data can be improved by utilizing database software to (i) store information about samples, (ii) store the results of mass spectrometric isotope-ratio analyses of samples, (iii) calculate analytical results using standardized algorithms stored in a database, (iv) normalize stable isotopic data to international scales...
Water resources data, Florida, water year 1997. Volume 2B: South Florida - ground water
S. Prinos, T. Richards, R. Krulikas
1998, Water Data Report FL-97-2B
Water resources data for 1997 water year in Florida consists of continuous or daily discharge for 341 streams, periodic discharge for 20 streams, continuous or daily stage for 122 streams, periodic stage for 13 streams, peak discharge for 20 streams, and peak stage for 20 streams; continuous or daily elevations...
