Preliminary monitoring protocol for the tidal freshwater wetland restoration herbivory study in national capital parks--east: Appendix B
Cairn Krafft, Jeffrey S. Hatfield
2014, Report, Anacostia Park wetlands and resident Canada goose management plan/ environmental impact statement
Four tidal freshwater wetland restoration projects have been undertaken within Anacostia Park on lands managed by the National Park Service since 1993. Monitoring the impacts of Canada goose (Branta canadensis) herbivory on the wetland vegetation will play a key role in determining the long-term health of these tidal freshwater wetland...
Accounting for false-positive acoustic detections of bats using occupancy models
Matthew J. Clement, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Patricia C. Ormsbee, Joseph M. Szewczak, James D. Nichols
2014, Journal of Applied Ecology (51) 1460-1467
1. Acoustic surveys have become a common survey method for bats and other vocal taxa. Previous work shows that bat echolocation may be misidentified, but common analytic methods, such as occupancy models, assume that misidentifications do not occur. Unless rare, such misidentifications could lead to incorrect inferences with significant management...
Lesser Scaup
Michael J. Anteau, Jean-Michel DeVink, David N. Koons, Jane E. Austin, Christine M. Custer, Alan D. Afton
2014, Book chapter, The birds of North America online
No abstract available....
Climatic and density influences on recruitment in an irruptive population of Roosevelt elk
Heath D. Starns, Mark A. Ricca, Adam Duarte, Floyd W. Weckerly
2014, Journal of Mammalogy (95) 925-932
Current paradigms of ungulate population ecology recognize that density-dependent and independent mechanisms are not always mutually exclusive. Long-term data sets are necessary to assess the relative strength of each mechanism, especially when populations display irruptive dynamics. Using an 18-year time series of population abundances of Roosevelt elk (Cervus elaphus roosevelti) inhabiting...
Subsurface geometry of the San Andreas-Calaveras fault junction: Influence of serpentinite and the Coast Range Ophiolite
Janet Tilden Watt, David A. Ponce, Russell W. Graymer, Robert C. Jachens, Robert W. Simpson
2014, Tectonics (33) 2025-2044
While an enormous amount of research has been focused on trying to understand the geologic history and neotectonics of the San Andreas-Calaveras fault (SAF-CF) junction, fundamental questions concerning fault geometry and mechanisms for slip transfer through the junction remain. We use potential-field, geologic, geodetic, and seismicity data to investigate the...
Vegetation dynamics after spring and summer fires in red and white pine stands at Voyageurs National Park
Scott A. Weyenberg, Noel B. Pavlovic
2014, Natural Areas Journal (34) 443-458
Conducting dormant season or springtime prescribed fire treatments has become a common practice in many regions of the United States to restore ecosystems to their natural state. Despite the knowledge that historically, fires often occurred during the summer, the application of summer burns has been deterred, in part, by a...
Variable population exposure and distributed travel speeds in least-cost tsunami evacuation modelling
Stuart A. Fraser, Nathan J. Wood, David A. Johnston, Graham S. Leonard, Paul D. Greening, Tiziana Rossetto
2014, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (14) 2975-2991
Evacuation of the population from a tsunami hazard zone is vital to reduce life-loss due to inundation. Geospatial least-cost distance modelling provides one approach to assessing tsunami evacuation potential. Previous models have generally used two static exposure scenarios and fixed travel speeds to represent population movement. Some analyses have assumed...
Spring migration of waterfowl in the Northern Hemisphere: a management and conservation perspective
Joshua D. Stafford, Adam K. Janke, Michael J. Anteau, Aaron T. Pearse, Anthony D. Fox, Johan Elmberg, Jacob N. Straub, Michael W. Eichholz, Celine Arzel
2014, Wildfowl (2014) 70-85
Spring migration is a key part of the annual cycle for waterfowl populations in the northern hemisphere, due to its temporal proximity to the breeding season and because resources may be limited at one or more staging sites. Research based on field observations during spring lags behind other periods of the year, despite...
Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive success
Steven M. Clark, Jason B. Dunham, Jeffery R. McEnroe, Scott W. Lightcap
2014, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (71) 1498-1507
The fitness of female Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) with respect to breeding behavior can be partitioned into at least four fitness components: survival to reproduction, competition for breeding sites, success of egg incubation, and suitability of the local environment near breeding sites for early rearing of juveniles. We evaluated the relative...
Biscayne aquifer drinking water (USGS45): a new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water
Jennifer M. Lorenz, Lauren V. Tarbox, Bryan Buck, Haiping Qi, Tyler B. Coplen
2014, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (28) 2031-2034
RATIONALE As a result of the scarcity of isotopic reference waters for daily use, a new secondary isotopic reference material for international distribution has been prepared from drinking water collected from the Biscayne aquifer in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. METHODS This isotopic reference water was filtered, homogenized, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed with a...
Palila restoration research, 1996−2012
Paul C. Banko, Chris Farmer, Carter T. Atkinson, Kevin W. Brinck, Richad Camp, Colleen Cole, Raymond Canner, Steve Dougill, Daniel Goltz, Elizabeth Gray, Steven C. Hess, Jennifer Higashino, Susan I. Jarvi, Luanne Johnson, Leona Laniawe, Megan Laut, Linda Miller, Christopher J. Murray, Daniel Nelson, David L. Leonard, Peter Oboyshi, Leanne Patch-Highfill, David D. Pollock, Kalei Rapozo, Marla Schwarzfeld, John Slotterback, Robert M. Stephens
Paul C. Banko, Chris Farmer, editor(s)
2014, Technical Report HCSU-046
The Palila Restoration Project was initiated in 1996 by the U.S. Geological Survey to assist government agencies mitigate the effects of realigning Saddle Road (Highway 200) through Palila Critical Habitat (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998, Federal Highway Administration 1999). Ecological research on the palila (Loxioides bailleui), an endangered Hawaiian...
Depth gradients in food-web processes linking habitats in large lakes: Lake Superior as an exemplar ecosystem
Michael E. Sierszen, Thomas R. Hrabik, Jason D. Stockwell, Anne M Cotter, Joel C. Hoffman, Daniel L. Yule
2014, Freshwater Biology (59) 2122-2136
In large lakes around the world, depth-based changes in the abundance and distribution of invertebrate and fish species suggest that there may be concomitant changes in patterns of resource allocation. Using Lake Superior of the Laurentian Great Lakes as an example, we explored this idea through stable isotope analyses of...
Thermal ecology of subadult and adult muskellunge in a thermally enriched reservoir
A. J. Cole, Phillip William Bettoli
2014, Fisheries Management and Ecology (21) 410-420
The movement of adult muskellunge, Esox masquinongy Mitchill, has been investigated in a variety of systems, but temperature selection by muskellunge has not been examined where well-oxygenated waters were available over a range of temperatures for much of the year. Thirty subadult and adult muskellunge tagged internally with temperature-sensing radio tags...
Migratory patterns of hatchery and stream-reared Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts in the Connecticut River, U.S.A.
Stephen D. McCormick, Alexander Haro, Darren T. Lerner, Michael F. O’Dea, Amy M. Regish
2014, Journal of Fish Biology (85) 1005-1022
The timing of downstream migration and detection rates of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts and stream-reared smolts (stocked 2 years earlier as fry) were examined in the Connecticut River (U.S.A.) using passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags implanted into fish and then detected at a downstream fish bypass collection facility at Turners...
Adaptive restoration of river terrace vegetation through iterative experiments
Michelle P. Dela Cruz, Vanessa B. Beauchamp, Patrick B. Shafroth, Cheryl E. Decker, Aviva O’Neil
2014, Natural Areas Journal (34) 475-487
Restoration projects can involve a high degree of uncertainty and risk, which can ultimately result in failure. An adaptive restoration approach can reduce uncertainty through controlled, replicated experiments designed to test specific hypotheses and alternative management approaches. Key components of adaptive restoration include willingness of project managers to accept the...
Mississippi River nitrate loads from high frequency sensor measurements and regression-based load estimation
Brian A. Pellerin, Brian A. Bergamaschi, Robert J. Gilliom, Charles G. Crawford, John Franco Saraceno, C. Paul Frederick, Bryan D. Downing, Jennifer C. Murphy
2014, Environmental Science & Technology (48) 12612-12619
Accurately quantifying nitrate (NO3–) loading from the Mississippi River is important for predicting summer hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico and targeting nutrient reduction within the basin. Loads have historically been modeled with regression-based techniques, but recent advances with high frequency NO3– sensors allowed us to evaluate model performance relative to...
The destructive 1946 Unimak near-field tsunami: New evidence for a submarine slide source from reprocessed marine geophysical data
Roland E. von Huene, Stephen Kirby, John J. Miller, Peter Dartnell
2014, Geophysical Research Letters (41) 6811-6818
The Mw 8.6 earthquake in 1946 off the Pacific shore of Unimak Island at the end of the Alaska Peninsula generated a far-field tsunami that crossed the Pacific to Antarctica. Its tsunami magnitude, 9.3, is comparable to the 9.1 magnitude of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami. On Unimak Island's Pacific shore,...
Transdisciplinary application of the cross-scale resilience model
Shana M. Sundstrom, David G. Angeler, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Jorge H. Garcia, Craig R. Allen
2014, Sustainability (6) 6925-6948
The cross-scale resilience model was developed in ecology to explain the emergence of resilience from the distribution of ecological functions within and across scales, and as a tool to assess resilience. We propose that the model and the underlying discontinuity hypothesis are relevant to other complex adaptive systems, and can...
Chemical complexity and source of the White River Ash, Alaska and Yukon
S.J. Preece, Robert G. McGimsey, J.A. Westgate, N.J.G. Pearce, W.K. Hartmann, W.T. Perkins
2014, Geosphere (10) 1020-1042
The White River Ash, a prominent stratigraphic marker bed in Alaska (USA) and Yukon (Canada), consists of multiple compositional units belonging to two geochemical groups. The compositional units are characterized using multiple criteria, with combined glass and ilmenite compositions being the best discriminators. Two compositional units compose the northern group...
The role of reserves and anthropogenic elements for functional connectivity and resilience of ephemeral habitats
Daniel R. Uden, Michelle L. Hellman, David G. Angeler, Craig R. Allen
2014, Ecological Applications (24) 1569-1582
Ecological reserves provide important wildlife habitat in many landscapes, and the functional connectivity of reserves and other suitable habitat patches is crucial for the persistence and resilience of spatially structured populations. To maintain or increase connectivity at spatial scales larger than individual patches, conservation actions may focus on creating and...
Body morphology differs in wild juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Willamette River, Oregon, USA
E.J. Billman, L.D. Whitman, R.K. Schroeder, C.S. Sharpe, David L. G. Noakes, Carl B. Schreck
2014, Journal of Fish Biology (85) 1097-1110
Body morphology of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the upper Willamette River, Oregon, U.S.A., was analysed to determine if variation in body shape is correlated with migratory life-history tactics followed by juveniles. Body shape was compared between migrating juveniles that expressed different life-history tactics, i.e. autumn migrants and yearling smolts, and among...
Environmental correlates of temporary emigration for female Weddell seals and consequences for recruitment
Glenn E. Stauffer, Jay J. Rotella, Robert A. Garrott, William L. Kendall
2014, Ecology (95) 2526-2536
In colonial-breeding species, prebreeders often emigrate temporarily from natal reproductive colonies then subsequently return for one or more years before producing young. Variation in attendance–nonattendance patterns can have implications for subsequent recruitment. We used open robust-design multistate models and 28 years of encounter data for prebreeding female Weddell seals (Leptonychotes...
Laboratory generated M -6 earthquakes
Gregory C. McLaskey, Brian D. Kilgore, David A. Lockner, Nicholas M. Beeler
2014, Pure and Applied Geophysics (171) 2601-2615
We consider whether mm-scale earthquake-like seismic events generated in laboratory experiments are consistent with our understanding of the physics of larger earthquakes. This work focuses on a population of 48 very small shocks that are foreshocks and aftershocks of stick–slip events occurring on a 2.0 m by 0.4 m simulated strike-slip...
A computer program for uncertainty analysis integrating regression and Bayesian methods
Dan Lu, Ming Ye, Mary C. Hill, Eileen P. Poeter, Gary Curtis
2014, Environmental Modelling and Software (60) 45-56
This work develops a new functionality in UCODE_2014 to evaluate Bayesian credible intervals using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The MCMC capability in UCODE_2014 is based on the FORTRAN version of the differential evolution adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm of Vrugt et al. (2009), which estimates the posterior probability density...
Where the waters meet: sharing ideas and experiences between inland and marine realms to promote sustainable fisheries management
Steven J. Cooke, Robert Arlinghaus, Devin M. Bartley, T. Douglas Beard Jr., Ian G. Cowx, Timothy E. Essington, Olaf P. Jensen, Abigail J. Lynch, William W. Taylor, Reg Watson
2014, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (71) 1593-1601
Although inland and marine environments, their fisheries, fishery managers, and the realm-specific management approaches are often different, there are a surprising number of similarities that frequently go unrecognized. We contend that there is much to be gained by greater cross-fertilization and exchange of ideas and strategies between realms and the...
