Deep learning for pockmark detection: Implications for quantitative seafloor characterization
Mark Lundine, Laura L. Brothers, Arthur Trembanis
2023, Geomorphology (421)
Occurring globally, pockmarks are seafloor depressions associated with seabed fluid escape. Pockmark ubiquity and morphologic heterogeneity result in an irregular seafloor that can be difficult to quantitatively describe. To address this challenge, we test the hypothesis that deep-learning based object detection and segmentation can...
First principles calibration of 40Ar abundances in 40Ar/39Ar mineral neutron fluence monitors: Methodology and preliminary results
Leah E. Morgan, Brett Davidheiser-Kroll, Klaudia F. Kuiper, Darren F. Mark, Noah M. McLean, Jan Wijbrans
2023, Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research (47) 91-104
The accuracy and traceability of geochronometers are of vital importance to questions asked by many Earth scientists. The widely applied 40Ar/39Ar geochronometer relies on the co-irradiation of samples with neutron fluence monitors (reference materials) of known ages; the ages and uncertainties of these monitors are critical to our ability to apply...
A size-based stock assessment model for invasive blue catfish in a Chesapeake Bay sub-estuary during 2001–2016
Corbin David Hilling, Yan Jiao, Mary C. Fabrizio, Paul L. Angermeier, Aaron J. Bunch, Donald J. Orth
2023, Fisheries Management and Ecology (30) 70-88
Stock assessment modeling provides a means to estimate the population dynamics of invasive fishes and may do so despite data limitations. Blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) were introduced to the Chesapeake Bay watershed to support recreational fisheries but also consume species of conservation need and economic importance....
Effects of mass capture on survival of greater white-fronted geese in Alaska
Josh Dooley, Joel Schmutz, Julian B. Fischer, Dennis Marks
2023, Journal of Wildlife Management (87)
Mass capture of flightless geese during the summer is a common trapping technique to obtain large numbers of individuals for research and marking, but few studies have assessed the impacts of this method on the survival of after-hatch-year geese. We evaluated the effects of holding time...
The hydroclimate niche: A tool for predicting and managing riparian plant community responses to streamflow seasonality
Bradley J. Butterfield, Emily C. Palmquist, Charles B. Yackulic
2023, River Research and Applications (39) 84-94
Habitat suitability is a consequence of interacting environmental factors. In riparian ecosystems, suitable plant habitat is influenced by interactions between stream hydrology and climate, hereafter referred to as “hydroclimate”. We tested the hypothesis that hydroclimate variables would improve the fit of ecological niche models for a...
Predicted uranium and radon concentrations in New Hampshire (USA) groundwater—Using Multi Order Hydrologic Position as predictors
Richard B. Moore, Kenneth Belitz, Joseph D. Ayotte, Terri L. Arnold, Laura Hayes, Jennifer B. Sharpe, J. Jeffrey Starn
2023, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (59) 127-145
Two radioactive elements, uranium (U) and radon (Rn), which are of potential concern in New Hampshire (NH) groundwater, are investigated. Exceedance probability maps are tools to highlight locations where the concentrations of undesirable substances in the groundwater may be elevated. Two forms of statistical analysis are...
Patterns and controls of foliar nutrient stoichiometry and flexibility across United States forests
Katherine A Kynarski, Fiona M. Soper, Sasha C. Reed, William R Wieder, Cory C Cleveland
2023, Ecology (104)
Plant element stoichiometry and stoichiometric flexibility strongly regulate ecosystem responses to global change. Here, we tested three potential mechanistic drivers (climate, soil nutrients, and plant taxonomy) of both using paired foliar and soil nutrient data from terrestrial forested National Ecological Observatory Network sites across the USA....
A global catalog of calibrated earthquake locations
Eric A. Bergman, Harley M. Benz, William L. Yeck, Ezgi Karasözen, E. Robert Engdahl, Abdolreza Ghods, Gavin P. Hayes, Paul S. Earle
2023, Seismological Research Letters (94) 485-495
We produced a globally distributed catalog of earthquakes and nuclear explosions with calibrated hypocenters, referred to as the Global Catalog of Calibrated Earthquake Locations (GCCEL). This dataset currently contains 18,782 events in 289 clusters with >3.2 million arrival times observed at 19,258 stations. The term “calibrated” refers to the property...
Automating sandhill crane counts from nocturnal thermal aerial imagery using deep learning
Emilio Luz-Ricca, Kyle Lawrence Landolt, Bradley A. Pickens, Mark D. Koneff
2023, Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation (9) 182-194
Population monitoring is essential to management and conservation efforts for migratory birds, but traditional low-altitude aerial surveys with human observers are plagued by individual observer bias and risk to flight crews. Aerial surveys that use remote sensing can reduce bias and risk, but manual counting of wildlife in imagery is...
Streamlined approach for assessing embedded consumption of lithium and cobalt in the United States
Elisa Alonso, David G. Pineault, Nedal T. Nassar
2023, Journal of Industrial Ecology (27) 33-42
In today's complex global supply chains, time and data intensive analyses are required to understand global flows of mineral commodities from mine to consumer, particularly for mineral commodities in products (electronics, automobiles, etc.) that contain multiple parts with many mineral commodities. National and regional analyses require additional time and data...
Global dissemination of Influenza A virus is driven by wild bird migration through arctic and subarctic zones
Jonathan D. Gass, Robert J. Dusek, Jeffrey S. Hall, Gunnar Thor Hallgrimsson, Halldor Palmar Halldorsson, Solvi Runar Vignisson, Sunna Bjork Ragnarsdottir, Jon Einar Jonsson, Scott Krauss, Wong. Sook-San, Xiu-Feng Wan, Sadia Akter, Srinand Sreevatsan, Nidia S. Trovão, Felicia B. Nutter, Jonathan A. Runstadler, Nichola J. Hill
2023, Molecular Ecology (32) 198-213
Influenza A viruses (IAV) circulate endemically among many wild aquatic bird populations that seasonally migrate between wintering grounds in southern latitudes to breeding ranges along the perimeter of the circumpolar arctic. Arctic and subarctic zones are hypothesized to serve as ecologic drivers of the intercontinental movement and reassortment of IAVs...
Phylogenetic risk assessment is robust for forecasting the impact of European insects on North American conifers
Daniel R. Uden, Angela M. Mech, Nathan P. Havill, Ashley N. Schulz, Matthew P Ayers, Daniel A. Herms, Angela Marie Hoover, Kamal JK Gandhi, Ruth A. Hufbauer, Andrew M. Liebhold, Travis D Marisco, Kenneth F. Raffa, Kathryn A. Thomas, Patrick C. Tobin, Craig R. Allen
2023, Ecological Applications (33)
Some introduced species cause severe damage, although the majority have little impact. Robust predictions of which species are most likely to cause substantial impacts could focus efforts to mitigate those impacts or prevent certain invasions entirely. Introduced herbivorous insects can reduce crop yield, fundamentally alter natural and managed forest ecosystems,...
Lake Superior Kiyi reproductive biology
Mark R. Vinson, Matthew E. Herbert, Amanda Susanne Ackiss, Jamie A. Dobosenski, Lori M. Evrard, Owen Gorman, Joshua F Lyons, Sydney B Phillips, Daniel L. Yule
2023, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (152) 75-93
ObjectiveThe Lake Superior Kiyi Coregonus kiyi is an understudied species being considered for reintroduction into Laurentian Great Lakes where it no longer occurs. Herein, we provide descriptions of Kiyi reproductive biology with the intention of guiding potential gamete collections for propagation.MethodsData were collected on Kiyi spawning...
Using continuous surveys to evaluate precision and bias of inferences from design-based reach-scale sampling of stream habitat
Christopher L. Clark, Robert Al-Chokhachy, Kai Ross
2023, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (80) 229-242
Accurately estimating stream characteristics is essential for managing and restoring populations and aquatic ecosystems. Reach-based sampling designs have been used extensively to collect fisheries related data; however, few studies have examined the effectiveness of reach-based sampling designs for stream habitat assessments. Here, we used continuous habitat surveys...
A life cycle model for evaluating estuary residency and restoration potential in Chinook salmon
Emily K. Chen, Nicholas A. Som, John Deibner-Hanson, David G. Anderson, Mark J. Henderson
2023, Fisheries Research (257)
Understanding the spatial and temporal habitat use of a population is a necessary step for recovery planning. For Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), variation in their migration and habitat use complicate predicting how restoring habitats could impact total recruitment. To evaluate how juvenile life history variation affects a population’s response to...
Prioritizing pesticides of potential concern and identifying potential mixture effects in Great Lakes tributaries using passive samplers
Luke C. Loken, Steven R. Corsi, David A. Alvarez, Gerald T. Ankley, Austin K. Baldwin, Bradley D. Blackwell, Laura A. DeCicco, Michelle A. Nott, Samantha K. Oliver, Daniel L. Villeneuve
2023, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (42) 340-366
To help meet the objectives of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative with regard to increasing knowledge about toxic substances, 223 pesticides and pesticide transformation products were monitored in 15 Great Lakes tributaries using polar organic chemical integrative samplers. A screening-level assessment of their potential for biological...
Diet energy density estimated from isotopes in predator hair associated with survival, habitat, and population dynamics
Karyn D. Rode, Brian D. Taras, Craig A. Stricker, Todd C. Atwood, Nicole P Boucher, George M. Durner, Andrew E. Derocher, Evan S. Richardson, Seth Cherry, Lori T. Quakenbush, Lara Horstmann, Jeffrey F. Bromaghin
2023, Ecological Applications (33)
Sea ice loss is fundamentally altering the Arctic marine environment. Yet there is a paucity of data on the adaptability of food webs to ecosystem change, including predator-prey interactions. Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are an important subsistence resource for Indigenous people and an apex predator that...
Assessing reproducibility in sedimentary macroscopic charcoal count data
Lysanna Anderson, Liubov S. Presnetsova, David Wahl, Geoffrey Phelps, Alan Gous
2023, Quaternary Research (111) 177-196
Current understanding of global late Quaternary fire history is largely drawn from sedimentary charcoal data. Since publication, CharAnalysis increasingly has been relied upon as a robust method for analyzing these data. However, several underlying assumptions of the algorithm have not been tested. This study uses replicated charcoal count data to...
High-resolution 3D forest structure explains ecomorphological trait variation in assemblages of saproxylic beetles
Lukas Drag, Ryan C. Burner, Jorg G. Stephan, Tone Birkemoe, Inken Dorfler, Martin M. Gossner, Paul Magdon, Otso Ovaskainen, Maria Potterf, Peter Schall, Tord Snall, Anne Sverdrup-Thygeson, Wolfgang Weisser, Jorg Muller
2023, Functional Ecology (37) 150-161
Climate, topography and the 3D structure of forests are major drivers affecting local species communities. However, little is known about how the specific functional traits of saproxylic (wood-living) beetles, involved in the recycling of wood, might be affected by those environmental characteristics.Here, we combine ecological and morphological traits available...
Testing the ShakeAlert earthquake early warning system using synthesized earthquake sequences
Maren Bose, Jennifer Andrews, Colin T O’Rourke, Deborah L. Kilb, Angela Lux, Julian Bunn, Jeffrey J. McGuire
2023, Seismological Research Letters (94) 243-259
We test the behavior of the United States (US) West Coast ShakeAlert earthquake early warning (EEW) system during temporally close earthquake pairs to understand current performance and limitations. We consider performance metrics based on source parameter and ground‐motion forecast accuracy, as well as on alerting timeliness. We generate ground‐motion times...
Abundance-occupancy patterns of black bass in an impounded river
Leandro E. Miranda
2023, Fisheries Magazine (48) 29-37
A positive relationship has been documented for a wide diversity of taxa between the percentage of transects sampled in which a species is recorded (i.e., occupancy) and the average abundance of the species at transects where recorded. This positive relationship implies that abundance increases faster than occupancy, so populations that...
Structural properties of the Southern San Andreas fault zone in northern Coachella Valley from magnetotelluric imaging
Pieter-Ewald Share-MacParland, Jared R. Peacock, Steve C. Constable, Frank L. Vernon, Shunguo Wang
2023, Geophysical Journal International (232) 694-704
The Southern San Andreas fault (SSAF) poses one of the largest seismic risks in California. Yet, there is much ambiguity regarding its deeper structural properties around Coachella Valley, in large part due to the relative paucity of everyday seismicity. Here, we image a multistranded section of the SSAF using...
Using machine learning techniques with incomplete polarity datasets to improve earthquake focal mechanism determination
Robert Skoumal, David R. Shelly, Jeanne L. Hardebeck
2023, Seismological Research Letters (94) 294-304
Earthquake focal mechanisms are traditionally produced using P‐wave first‐motion polarities and commonly require well‐recorded seismicity. A recent approach that is less dependent on high signal‐to‐noise exploits similar waveforms to produce relative polarity measurements between earthquake pairs. Utilizing these relative polarity measurements, it is possible...
From data to interpretable models: Machine learning for soil moisture forecasting
Aniruddha Basak, Kevin M. Schmidt, Ole Mengshoel
2023, International Journal of Data Science and Analytics (15) 9-32
Soil moisture is critical to agricultural business, ecosystem health, and certain hydrologically driven natural disasters. Monitoring data, though, is prone to instrumental noise, wide ranging extrema, and nonstationary response to rainfall where ground conditions change. Furthermore, existing soil moisture models generally forecast poorly for time periods greater than a few...
GeoImageNet: A multi-source natural feature benchmark dataset for GeoAI and supervised machine learning
Wenwen Li, Sizhe Wang, Samantha T. Arundel, Chia-Yu Hsu
2023, GeoInformatica (27) 619-640
The field of GeoAI or Geospatial Artificial Intelligence has undergone rapid development since 2017. It has been widely applied to address environmental and social science problems, from understanding climate change to tracking the spread of infectious disease. A foundational task in advancing GeoAI research is the...
