Statistical Techniques for Assessing water‐quality effects of BMPs
John F. Walker
1994, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering (120) 334-337
Little has been published on the effectiveness of various management practices in small rural lakes and streams at the watershed scale. In this study, statistical techniques were used to test for changes in water‐quality data from watersheds where best management practices (BMPs) were implemented. Reductions in data variability due to...
Strontium
J.A. Ober
1994, Mining Engineering (46) 547-548
Production figures are not published for stronium carbonate because there is only one company producing strontium carbonate domestically. Strontium carbonate is produced in the U.S. from imported celestite. Consumption can be estimated from trade data published by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Consumption is estimated at approximately 24.5 kt...
The relationship between species richness and community biomass: The importance of environmental variables
L. Gough, J.B. Grace, K.L. Taylor
1994, Oikos (70) 271-279
Several studies have used plant community biomass to predict species richness with varying success. In this study we examined the relationship between species richness and biomass for 36 marsh communities from two different watersheds. In addition, we measured several environmental variables and estimated the potential richness (the total number of...
New uranium-series ages of the Waimanalo Limestone, Oahu, Hawaii: implications for sea level during the last interglacial period
D.R. Muhs, Barney J. Szabo
1994, Marine Geology (118) 315-326
The Waimanalo Formation (limestone) of Oahu has been correlated with the last interglacial period based on U-series dating of corals by T.-L. Ku and colleagues. The limestone consists of growth-position corals and overlying coral conglomerate. An apparent bimodal distribution of ages for the growth-position corals (mean age = 133 ka)...
Measurement of radon gas on major faults in California, USA
W. Zhang, C.-Y. King
1994, Acta Seismologica Sinica (7) 159-165
Abundant data have been gathered through measurements of radon gas emission in the soil on several major active faults, such as San Andreas and Calaveras, in California, U.S.A.. They show radon emissions and their spatial variations at the unlocked, locked, and creeping sections of faults with different tectonic movements. The...
Nutritional restriction and acid-base balance in white-tailed deer
G. D. DelGiudice, L.D. Mech, U.S. Seal
1994, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (30) 247-253
We examined the effect of progressive nutritional restriction on acid-base balance in seven captive, adult white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from 4 February to 5 May 1988 in north central Minnesota (USA). Metabolic acidosis was indicated by low mean blood pH (7.25 to 7.33)...
The 1992 and 1993 summary of the North American Breeding Bird Survey
B.G. Peterjohn, J.R. Sauer, W.A. Link
1994, Bird Populations (2) 46-61
Using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), continental and regional changes in bird populations were estimated for the 2-year periods of 1991-1992 and 1992-1993. These 2-year changes were placed in the context of population trends since 1966. During 1991-1992, 62% of all species exhibited positive...
Distribution and abundance of birds wintering in Maryland, 1988-1993
Jeff S. Hatfield, S.A. Ricciardi, G.A. Gough, D. Bystrak, Sam Droege, C.S. Robbins
1994, Maryland Birdlife (50) 3-83
A winter bird survey was conducted throughout Maryland, primarily by volunteers, during the 6 winters of 1988 to 1993 between the dates of 10 Jan and 10 Feb. The state of Maryland is covered by 1231 blocks (9.5 sq. miles each), each comprising one-sixth of the standard U.S.G.S. 7.5...
Within-site variability in surveys of wildlife populations
William A. Link, Richard J. Barker, John R. Sauer, Sam Droege
1994, Ecology (75) 1097-1108
Most large-scale surveys of animal populations are based on counts of individuals observed during a sampling period, which are used as indexes to the population. The variability in these indexes not only reflects variability in population sizes among sites but also variability due to the inexactness of the counts. Repeated...
Cyanide and migratory birds at gold mines in Nevada, USA
Charles J. Henny, Robert J. Hallock, Elwood F. Hill
1994, Ecotoxicology (3) 45-58
Since the mid-1980s, cyanide in heap leach solutions and mill tailings ponds at gold mines in Nevada has killed a large but incompletely documented number of wildlife (>9,500 individuals, primarily migratory birds). This field investigation documents the availability of cyanide at a variety of ‘typical’ Nevada gold mines during 1990...
Density estimation using the trapping web design: A geometric analysis
W.A. Link, R. J. Barker
1994, Biometrics (50) 733-745
Population densities for small mammal and arthropod populations can be estimated using capture frequencies for a web of traps. A conceptually simple geometric analysis that avoid the need to estimate a point on a density function is proposed. This analysis incorporates data from the outermost rings of traps,...
Conservation reserve program: benefit for grassland birds in the northern plains
R. E. Reynolds, T.L. Shaffer, J.R. Sauer, B.G. Peterjohn
1994, Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (59) 328-336
During the past few decades numbers of some species of upland-nesting birds in North America have declined. Duck species such as mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), northern pintail (A. acuta) and blue-winged teal (A. discors) have declined since the early 1970s and have remained low since 1985 (Caithamer et al. 1993). Some...
Estimating breeding proportions and testing hypotheses about costs of reproduction with capture-recapture data
James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, Kenneth H. Pollock, Robert L. Hinz, William A. Link
1994, Ecology (75) 2052-2065
The proportion of animals in a population that breeds is an important determinant of population growth rate. Usual estimates of this quantity from field sampling data assume that the probability of appearing in the capture or count statistic is the same for animals that do and do not breed. A...
Keys to a successful project: Associated data and planning: Data standards
Roy W. McDiarmid
W. Ronald Heyer, Maureen A. Donnelly, Roy W. McDiarmid, Lee-Ann C. Hayek, Mercedes S. Foster, editor(s)
1994, Book chapter, Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians
The many individual salamanders, frogs, caecilians, and their larvae encountered during the course of an inventory or monitoring project will have to be identified to species. Depending on the goals and sampling method(s) used, some individuals will be identified from a distance by their calls, others will be handled. At...
Are more North American species decreasing than increasing?
Sam Droege, J.R. Sauer
E.J.M. Hagemeijer, T.J. Verstrael, editor(s)
1994, Book chapter, Bird Numbers 1992: Distribution, monitoring and ecological aspects
Population trends for North American species are calculated for 1966-'91 and 1982-'91 using Nonh American Breeding Bird Survey data. Species are grouped into 3 systems of guild classifications representing migration status, breeding habitat and nesting substrate. Trends for these groups are summarized by time period, bioregion and physiographic region. At...
Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: Standard methods for amphibians
W. Ronald Heyer, Maureen A. Donnelly, Roy W. McDiarmid, Lee-Ann C. Hayek, Mercedes S. Foster, editor(s)
1994, Book
Measuring and Monitoring Biological Diversity is the first book to provide comprehensive coverage of standard methods for biodiversity sampling of amphibians, with information on analyzing and using data that will interest biologists in general.In this manual, nearly fifty herpetologists recommend ten standard sampling procedures for measuring and monitoring amphibian and...
A demographic comparison of two black bear populations in the Interior Highlands of Arkansas
Joseph D. Clark, Kimberly G. Smith
1994, Wildlife Society Bulletin (22) 593-603
The Ozark and Ouachita mountain regions of western Arkansas, collectively known as the Interior Highlands, historically supported large numbers of black bears (Ursus americanus). Indiscriminate killing of bears by early settlers and subsequent habitat reductions due to extensive logging and changes in land use resulted in their decline (Smith et...
Seagrasses, dredging and light in Laguna Madre, Texas, U.S.A.
Christopher P. Onuf
1994, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (39) 75-91
Light reduction resulting from maintenance dredging was the suspected cause of large-scale loss of seagrass cover in deep parts of Laguna Madre between surveys conducted in 1965 and 1974. Additional changes to 1988, together with an analysis of dredging frequency and intensity for different parts of the laguna, were consistent...
An updated numerical simulation of the ground-water flow system for the Castle Lake debris dam, Mount St. Helens, Washington, and implications for dam stability against heave
Evelyn A. Roeloffs
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4075
A numerical simulation of the ground-water flow system in the Castle Lake debris dam, calibrated to data from the 1991 and 1992 water years, was used to estimate factors of safety against heave and internal erosion. The Castle Lake debris dam, 5 miles northwest of the summit of Mount St....
High-resolution single-channel seismic reflection surveys of Orange Lake and other selected sites of north central Florida
Jack L. Kindinger, Jeffrey B. Davis, James G. Flocks
1994, Open-File Report 94-616
The potential fluid exchange between lakes of north central Florida and the Floridan aquifer and the process by which exchange occurs is of critical concern to the St. Johns Water Management District. High-resolution seismic tools with relatively new digital technology were utilized in collecting geophysical data from Orange, Kingsley, Lowry...
ANALOG: a program for estimating paleoclimate parameters using the method of modern analogs
Peter N. Schweitzer
1994, Open-File Report 94-645
Beginning in the 1970s with CLIMAP, paleoclimatologists have been trying to derive quantitative estimates of climatic parameters from the sedimentary record. In general the procedure is to observe the modern distribution of some component of surface sediment that depends on climate, find an empirical relationship between climate and the character...
Design of the Distributed Spatial Data Library (DSDL) for the Water Resources Division, U. S. Geological Survey
D.D. Nebert
1994, Open-File Report 94-327
Geology of the conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 scale; a digital representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman map
Paul G. Schruben, Raymond E. Arndt, Walter J. Bawiec
1994, Data Series 11
This CD-ROM contains a digital version of the Geologic Map of the Conterminous United States compiled by Philip B. King and Helen M. Beikman of the U.S. Geological Survey. It excludes Alaska and Hawaii. The map was originally published in 1974 at a scale of 1:2,500,000. Although the digitized map...
Quality of surface and ground water in the White Creek and Mossy Creek watersheds, White County, Georgia, 1992-93
Michael F. Peck, Jerry W. Garrett
1994, Open-File Report 94-540
Surface- and ground-water quality data were collected and evaluated from streams and wells in the White Creek and Mossy Creek watersheds in White County, Georgia, during three sampling periods in 1992 and 1993, to identify stream reaches and wells affected by nonpoint-source contaminants. Livestock operations in these watersheds account for...
Data and results from R.V. Aleksandr Vinogradov cruises 91-AV-19/1, North Pacific hydrochemistry transect; 91-AV-19/2, North Equatorial Pacific Karin Ridge Fe-Mn crust studies; and 91-AV-19/4, Northwest Pacific and Bering Sea sediment geochemistry and paleoceanographic studies
A.S. Bychkov, A. E. Gibbs
J.R. Hein, editor(s)
1994, Open-File Report 94-230
