An unusual occurrence of arsenic-bearing pyrite in the Upper Freeport coal bed, West-Central Pennsylvania
L.F. Ruppert, J.A. Minkin, J. J. McGee, C. B. Cecil
1992, Energy & Fuels (6) 120-125
Scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis were used to identify a rare type of As-bearing pyrite in selected specific gravity separates from the Pennsylvanian age Upper Freeport coal bed, west-central Pennsylvania. Arsenic was detected mainly in cell-wall replacement pyrite where concentrations ranged from nondetectable to 1.9 wt %. Although...
Geochemistry and origin of the Bald Knob manganese deposit, North Carolina
M.J.K. Flohr
1992, Economic Geology (87) 2023-2040
Geochemical and textural evidence for the submarine hydrothermal origin of the Bald Knob Mn deposit, North Carolina, is preserved in a mineralogically diverse suite of rocks that have experienced amphibolite facies metamorphism. Manganese- and Mn-Fe-rich lithologies have high Mn/Fe ratios and low concentrations of Ni, Cu, Zn, U, Th, and...
Laser-excited fluorescence of rare earth elements in fluorite: Initial observations with a laser Raman microprobe
R.C. Burruss, T.G. Ging, R. G. Eppinger, a.M. Samson
1992, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (56) 2713-2723
Fluorescence emission spectra of three samples of fluorite containing 226–867 ppm total rare earth elements (REE) were excited by visible and ultraviolet wavelength lines of an argon ion laser and recorded with a Raman microprobe spectrometer system. Narrow emission lines (< 1 nm) due to 4f-4f electron transitions in individual...
Garnet/high-silica rhyolite trace element partition coefficients measured by ion microprobe
Thomas W. Sisson, Charles R. Bacon
1992, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (56) 2133-2136
Garnet/liquid trace element partition coefficients have been measured in situ by ion microprobe in a rhyolite from Monache Mountain, California. Partition coefficients are reported for La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Dy, Er, Yb, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Sr, Y, and Zr. The in situ analyses avoid the problem of contamination of...
Changes in Alaskan soft-bottom prey communities along a gradient in sea otter predation
R.G. Kvitek, J.S. Oliver, A.R. DeGange, B.S. Anderson
1992, Ecology (73) 413-428
Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris), well documented as "keystone" predators in rocky marine communities, were found to exert a strong influence on infaunal prey communities in soft-sediment habitats. Direct and indirect effects of sea otter predation on subtidal soft-bottom prey communities were evaluated along a temporal gradient of sea otter occupancy...
Roosting behavior of premigratory Dunlins (Calidris alpina)
Colleen M. Handel, Robert E. Gill Jr.
1992, The Auk (109) 57-72
We studied roosting behavior of Dunlins (Calidris alpina) during late summer along the coast of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, in relation to tidal cycle, time of day, time of season, and occurrence of predators. Within Angyoyaravak Bay, peak populations of 70,000-100,000 Dunlins occur each year. The major diurnal roost sites...
Feeding flights of breeding double-crested cormorants at two Wisconsin colonies
T. W. Custer, C. Bunck
1992, Journal of Field Ornithology (63) 203-211
Unmarked Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus ) were followed by airplane from Cat Island and Spider Island, two nesting colonies in Wisconsin, to their first landing site. Cormorants flew an average of 2.0 km from Cat Island (maximum 40 km) and 2.4 km from Spider Island (maximum 12 km)....
Water, CO2, Cl, and F in melt inclusions in phenocrysts from three Holocene explosive eruptions, Crater Lake, Oregon
C. R. Bacon, Sally Newman, E. Stolper
1992, American Mineralogist (77) 1021-1030
Rare melt inclusions ~ 100 μm in diameter trapped near the boundaries of corroded patchy zones in plagioclase phenocrysts from Plinian pumice of three Holocene eruptions were analyzed by IR spectroscopy for molecular H2O, OH groups, and CO2and by electron microprobe for Cl and F. The three rhyodacitic eruptions, each of...
The Florida manatee, Trichechus manatus latirostris
T. J. O'Shea, M.E. Ludlow
S.R. Humphrey, editor(s)
1992, Book chapter, Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida. Volume 1. Mammals.
Abstract not supplied at this time...
Host-rock controlled epigenetic, hydrothermal metasomatic origin of the Bayan Obo REEFe-Nb ore deposit, Inner Mongolia, P.R.C.
E. C. T. Chao, J.M. Back, J.A. Minkin, R. Yinchen
1992, Applied Geochemistry (7) 443-458
Bayan Obo, a complex rare earth element (REE)FeNb ore deposit, located in Inner Mongolia, P.R.C. is the world's largest known REE deposit. The deposit is chiefly in a marble unit (H8), but extends into an overlying unit of black shale, slate and...
Ages, rare-earth element enrichment, and petrogenesis of tholeiitic and alkalic basalts from Kahoolawe Island, Hawaii
R.V. Fodor, F.A. Frey, G.R. Bauer, D.A. Clague
1992, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (110) 442-462
Kahoolawe Island, Hawaii (18×11 km), is a basaltic shield volcano with caldera-filling lavas, seven identified postshield vents, and at least two occurrences of apparent rejuvenated-stage eruptive. We examined 42 samples that represent all stages of Kahoolawe volcano stratigraphy for their petrography, whole-rock major-and trace-element contents, mineral...
Speciation in experimental C-O-H fluids produced by the thermal dissociation of oxalic acid dihydrate
VI G.B. Morgan, I.-M. Chou, J. D. Pasteris
1992, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (56) 281-294
Fluid speciations and their related reaction pathways were studied in C-O-H-system fluids produced by the thermal dissociation of oxalic acid dihydrate (OAD: H2C2O4 · 2H2O) sealed in silica glass capsules. Experiments were conducted in the temperature range 230–750°C, with bulk fluid densities in the range 0.01–0.53 g/cm3. Pressure was controlled by...
Mineralogy and geochemistry of two metamorphosed sedimentary manganese deposits, Sierra Nevada, California, USA
M.J.K. Flohr, J.S. Huebner
1992, LITHOS (29) 57-85
Laminated to massive rhodochrosite, hausmannite, and Mn-silicates from the Smith prospect and Manga-Chrome mine, Sierra Nevada, California were deposited as ocean floor sediments associated with chert and shale. The principal lithologies at Smith are chert, argillite, rhodochrosite-, hausmannite- and chlorite-rich layers, and relatively uncommon layers of jacobsite. The Manga-Chrome mine...
An Appalachian isochron: A kaolinized Carboniferous air-fall volcanic-ash deposit (tonstein)
P.C. Lyons
1992, Geological Society of America Bulletin (104) 1515-1527
The Fire Clay tonstein is a kaolinized, airfall volcanic ash bed that was deposited in a widespread late Carboniferous peat-forming mire. Eleven samples from Kentucky and West Virginia, spanning a distance of 200 km, and two samples from Tennessee and Virginia indicate a characteristic mineralogical signature, as compared with other...
Geochemical evolution of Jurassic diorites from the Bristol Lake region, California, USA, and the role of assimilation
E.D. Young, J. L. Wooden, Y.-N. Shieh, D. Farber
1992, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (110) 68-86
Late Jurassic dioritic plutons from the Bristol Lake region of the eastern Mojave Desert share several geochemical attributes with high-alumina basalts, continental hawaiite basalts, and high-K are andesites including: high K2O concentrations; high Al2O3 (16-19 weight %); elevated Zr/TiO2; LREE (light-rare-earth-element) enrichment (La/YbCN=6.3-13.3); and high Nb. Pearce element ratio analysis...
Loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta (Linnaeus)
C.K. Dodd Jr.
P.E. Moler, editor(s)
1992, Book chapter, Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida. Volume 3. Amphibians and Reptiles.
Abstract not supplied at this time...
Rare plants of Anacapa, Santa Barbara, and San Miguel in Channel Islands National Park
W. L. Halvorson, R.A. Clark, C.R. Soiseth
1992, Technical Report 47
No abstract available at this time...
Decomposition techniques
T. T. Chao, R. F. Sanzolone
1992, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (44) 65-106
Sample decomposition is a fundamental and integral step in the procedure of geochemical analysis. It is often the limiting factor to sample throughput, especially with the recent application of the fast and modern multi-element measurement instrumentation. The complexity of geological materials...
Books and the popularization of science
R. Buchanan
1991, Publishing Research Quarterly (7) 5-10
This article discusses best-selling science books, the characteristics of the audience for popular science books, and the role of books within science popularization and science education. Best-selling science books have been rare, but generally readable. Regional books, also important sources of scientific information, aim at much smaller, far more price-sensitive...
Specimens and probable breeding activity of the band-rumped storm-petrel on Hawaii
W.E. Banko, P.C. Banko, R.E. David
1991, The Wilson Bulletin (103) 650-655
Specimens (a downy fledgling and a hatch-year juvenile) and nocturnal calling of the Band-rumped Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma custro) are evidence that this rare seabird breeds on the island of Hawaii. Nocturnal calling over land and sightings near the coast indicate that populations nest on the southwest rift and possibly the upper...
Mammal mortality at Arizona, California, and Nevada gold mines using cyanide extraction
D. R. Clark Jr., R. L. Hothem
1991, California Fish and Game (77) 61-69
Five-hundred nineteen mammals were reported dead at cyanide-extraction gold mines in Arizona [USA], California, and Nevada from 1984 through 1989. Most numerous were rodents (34.9%) and bats (33.7%); 'bat' was the most often reported category among 24 species or species groups. There are an estimated 160 cyanide-extraction gold mines in...
Conservation genetics of the endangered Isle Royale gray wolf
R.K. Wayne, N. Lehman, D. Girman, P.J.P. Gogan, D.A. Gilbert, K. Hansen, R. O. Peterson, U.S. Seal, Andrew Eisenhawer, L.D. Mech, R.J. Krumenaker
1991, Conservation Biology (5) 41-51
The small group of wolves on Isle Royale has been studied for over three decades as a model of the relationship between large carnivores and their prey. During the last ten years the population declined from 50 individuals to as few as 12 individuals. The causes of this decline may...
Titanium-zirconium-rare-earth placer resources potential of surficial sediments on the Atlantic Continental Shelf offshore of New York, Rhode Island, and southern Massachusetts
A. E. Grosz, William M. Kelly
1991, Open-File Report 91-391
Rare earth elements in Japan Sea sediments and diagenetic behavior of Ce/Ce∗: results from ODP Leg 127
R. Murray, Marilyn R. Buchholtz ten Brink, Hans-Juergen Brumsack, David C. Gerlach, G. Price Russ
1991, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (55) 2453-2466
The relative effects of paleoceanographic and paleogeographic variations, sediment lithology, and diagenetic processes on the recorded rare earth element (REE) chemistry of Japan Sea sediments are evaluated by investigating REE total abundances and relative fractionations in 59 samples from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 127. REE total abundances (ΣREE) in the Japan...
Human disturbance of an avian scavenging guild
Susan K. Skagen, Richard L. Knight, Gordon H. Orians
1991, Ecological Applications (1) 215-225
In order to investigate the effects of human activities on relationships within foraging guilds, we examined inacanus dynamics of eagles, crows, and gulls scavenging on spawned salmon in the Pacific Northwest. We examined several hypotheses that postulate the asymmetric foraging relationships of the three guild members and that reveal the...
