Bioavailability and bioaccumulation of metal-based engineered nanomaterials in aquatic environments: Concepts and processes
Samuel N. Luoma, Farhan R. Khan, Marie-Noele Croteau
2014, Book chapter, Frontiers of nanoscience: Nanoscience and the environment
Bioavailability of Me-ENMs to aquatic organisms links their release into the environment to ecological implications. Close examination shows some important differences in the conceptual models that define bioavailability for metals and Me-ENMs. Metals are delivered to aquatic animals from Me-ENMs via water, ingestion, and incidental surface exposure. Both metal released...
Spatially explicit modeling to evaluate regional stream water quality
Stephen D. Preston, Richard B. Alexander, Gregory Schwarz, Richard A. Smith
2014, Book chapter, Comprehensive water quality and purification
Spatially referenced regressions on watershed attributes (SPARROW) models have been developed and applied over the past two decades to address the need for large-scale, spatially explicit information on stream water quality conditions. The strength of SPARROW models is that they describe the primary environmental processes that affect the supply and transport of...
Human infrastructure and invasive plant occurrence across rangelands of southwestern Wyoming, U.S.A.
Daniel J. Manier, Cameron L. Aldridge, Michael S. O’Donnell, Spencer Schell
2014, Rangeland Ecology and Management (67) 160-172
Although human influence across rural landscapes is often discussed, interactions between the native, natural systems and human activities are challenging to measure explicitly. We assessed the distribution of introduced, invasive species as related to anthropogenic infrastructure and environmental conditions across southwestern Wyoming. to discern...
Minimal changes in heart rate of incubating American Oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus) in response to human activity
Tracy E. Borneman, Eli T. Rose, Theodore R. Simons
2014, The Condor (116) 493-503
An organism's heart rate is commonly used as an indicator of physiological stress due to environmental stimuli. We used heart rate to monitor the physiological response of American Oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus) to human activity in their nesting environment. We placed artificial eggs with embedded microphones in 42 oystercatcher nests to...
Dry forest restoration and unassisted native tree seedling recruitment at Auwahi, Maui
Arthur C. Medeiros, E. I. von Allmen, C.G. Chimera
2014, Pacific Science (68) 33-45
Efforts to restore highly degraded but biologically significant forests draw from a limited toolbox. With less than 10% of their former distribution remaining, Hawaiian dry forests, though critically endangered, remain important biological and cultural refugia. At restoration onset (1997), vegetation of restoration and control areas of degraded Auwahi dry forest,...
Influence of sediment presence on freshwater mussel thermal tolerance
Jennifer M. Archambault, W. Gregory Cope, Thomas J. Kwak
2014, Freshwater Science (33) 56-65
Median lethal temperature (LT50) data from water-only exposures with the early life stages of freshwater mussels suggest that some species may be living near their upper thermal tolerances. However, evaluation of thermal sensitivity has never been conducted in sediment. Mussels live most of their lives burrowed in sediment, so understanding...
Size of age-0 crappies (Pomoxis spp.) relative to reservoir habitats and water levels
Levi J. Kaczka, Leandro E. Miranda
2014, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (29) 525-534
Variable year-class strength is common in crappie Pomoxis spp. populations in many reservoirs, yet the mechanisms behind this variability are poorly understood. Size-dependent mortality of age-0 fishes has long been recognized in the population ecology literature; however, investigations about the effects of environmental factors on age-0 crappie size are lacking....
Sampling characteristics and calibration of snorkel counts to estimate stream fish populations
D. Weaver, Thomas J. Kwak, Kenneth Pollock
2014, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (34) 1159-1166
Snorkeling is a versatile technique for estimating lotic fish population characteristics; however, few investigators have evaluated its accuracy at population or assemblage levels. We evaluated the accuracy of snorkeling using prepositioned areal electrofishing (PAE) for estimating fish populations in a medium-sized Appalachian Mountain river during fall 2008 and summer 2009....
Remarkable movements of an American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) in Florida
Michael S. Cherkiss, Frank J. Mazzotti, Lindsey Hord, Mario Aldecoa
2014, Southeastern Naturalist (13) N52-N56
Here we present the remarkable movements of an individual Crocodylus acutus (American Crocodile) over a 14-year period. The crocodile was originally marked in Homestead, FL as a young-of-the-year in 1999, and was later recaptured multiple times more than 388 km away along the southwest coast of Florida. After several relocations...
Habitat characteristics of North American tortoises
Kenneth E. Nussear, Tracey D. Tuberville
2014, Book chapter, Biology and conservation of North American tortoises
North American tortoises are distributed in semi-arid and temperate deserts and coastal regions of the southern United States and Mexico. The five species currently recognized each have specific habitat requirements, which they fulfill through their selection of, and interaction with unique habitat constituents. In this chapter we discuss the physiographic...
Fractionation of fulvic acid by iron and aluminum oxides: influence on copper toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia
Kathleen S. Smith, James F. Ranville, Emily K. Lesher, Daniel J. Diedrich, Diane M. McKnight, Ruth M. Sofield
2014, Environmental Science & Technology (48) 11934-11943
This study examines the effect on aquatic copper toxicity of the chemical fractionation of fulvic acid (FA) that results from its association with iron and aluminum oxyhydroxide precipitates. Fractionated and unfractionated FAs obtained from streamwater and suspended sediment were utilized in acute Cu toxicity tests on ,i>Ceriodaphnia dubia. Toxicity test...
Preliminary data used to assess the accuracy of estimating female white-tailed deer diel birthing-season home ranges using only daytime locations
Shannon M. Barber-Meyer, L. David Mech
2014, Wildlife Biology in Practice (10) 62-68
Because many white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) home-range and habitat-use studies rely only on daytime radio-tracking data, we were interested in whether diurnal data sufficiently represented diel home ranges. We analyzed home-range and core-use size and overlap of 8 adult-female Global-Positioning-System-collared deer during May and June 2001 and 2002 in the...
Panarchy: theory and application
Craig R. Allen, David G. Angeler, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Lance H. Gunderson, Crawford S. Holling
2014, Ecosystems (17) 578-589
The concept of panarchy provides a framework that characterizes complex systems of people and nature as dynamically organized and structured within and across scales of space and time. It has been more than a decade since the introduction of panarchy. Over this period, its invocation in peer-reviewed literature has been...
Distribution, densities, and ecology of Siberian cranes in the Khroma River region of northern Yakutia in northeastern Russia
Inga P. Bysykatova, Gary L. Krapu, Nicolai I. Germogenov, Deborah A. Buhl
David Aborn, editor(s)
2014, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 12th North American Crane Workshop
The Siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus) is the third rarest crane species in the world with a breeding range now centered on 3 core areas and a buffer zone in the arctic of northern Yakutia in northeastern Russia. During 16 July-2 August 2009, we undertook ground surveys within the Khroma River...
Annual and seasonal distribution of intertidal foraminifera and stable carbon isotope geochemistry, Bandon Marsh, Oregon, USA
Yvonne Milker, Benjamin Horton, Christopher Vane, Simon Engelhart, Alan R. Nelson, Robert C. Witter, Nicole S. Khan, William Bridgeland
2014, Journal of Foraminiferal Research (45) 146-166
We investigated the influence of inter-annual and seasonal differences on the distribution of live and dead foraminifera, and the inter-annual variability of stable carbon isotopes (d13C), total organic carbon (TOC) values and carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios in bulk sediments from intertidal environments of Bandon Marsh (Oregon, USA). Living and...
The valid generic name for red-backed voles (Muroidea: Cricetidae: Arvicolinae): Restatement of the case for Myodes Pallas, 1811
Michael D. Carleton, Alfred L. Gardner, Igor Ya. Pavlinov, Guy G. Musser
2014, Journal of Mammalogy (95) 943-959
In view of contradictions in the recent literature, the valid genus-group name to be applied to northern red-backed voles— Myodes Pallas, 1811, or Clethrionomys Tilesius, 1850—is reviewed. To develop the thesis that Myodes (type species, Mus rutilus Pallas, 1779) is the correct name, our discussion explores the 19th-century taxonomic works that bear on the relevant taxa, the transition...
Relative humidity and activity patterns of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)
K.A. Berger, Howard S. Ginsberg, L. Gonzalez, T.N. Mather
2014, Journal of Medical Entomology (51) 769-776
Laboratory studies have shown clear relationships between relative humidity (RH) and the activity and survival of Ixodes scapularis Say (blacklegged tick). However, field studies have produced conflicting results. We examined this relationship using weekly tick count totals and hourly RH observations at three field sites, stratified by latitude,...
Density and abundance of Wilson's snipe Gallinago delicata in winter in the Lower Mississippi Flyway, USA
James M. Carroll, David G. Krementz
2014, Wildlife Biology (20) 108-114
Wilson's snipe Gallinago delicata is one of the least studied North American game birds, and information on snipe populations and abundance is mostly unknown. We conducted roadside surveys stratified at the township level in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV) in Arkansas, Mississippi and Louisiana, as well as the Red...
Influence of riparian and watershed alterations on sandbars in a Great Plains river
Jeffrey M. Fischer, Craig P. Paukert, M.L. Daniels
2014, River Research and Applications (31) 1140-1150
Anthropogenic alterations have caused sandbar habitats in rivers and the biota dependent on them to decline. Restoring large river sandbars may be needed as these habitats are important components of river ecosystems and provide essential habitat to terrestrial and aquatic organisms. We quantified factors within the riparian zone of the...
Spatially explicit modeling of lesser prairie-chicken lek density in Texas
Jennifer M. Timmer, M.J. Butler, Warren Ballard, Clint W. Boal, Heather A. Whitlaw
2014, Journal of Wildlife Management (78) 142-152
As with many other grassland birds, lesser prairie-chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) have experienced population declines in the Southern Great Plains. Currently they are proposed for federal protection under the Endangered Species Act. In addition to a history of land-uses that have resulted in habitat loss, lesser prairie-chickens now face a new...
Upper Devonian–Mississippian stratigraphic framework of the Arkoma Basin and distribution of potential source-rock facies in the Woodford–Chattanooga and Fayetteville–Caney shale-gas systems
David W. Houseknecht, William A. Rouse, Stanley T. Paxton, John C. Mars, Bryant R. Fulk
2014, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (98) 1739-1759
Wireline logs were used to document the stratigraphic framework of Upper Devonian–Mississippian strata in the Arkoma Basin, and maps of high-gamma ray (HGR) log response were used to analyze the spatial distribution of potential source rocks in the Woodford–Chattanooga and Fayetteville–Caney shale-gas systems. The Woodford–Chattanooga shale is a transgressive deposit...
Using constructed analogs to improve the skill of National Multi-Model Ensemble March–April–May precipitation forecasts in equatorial East Africa
Shraddhanand Shukla, Christopher C. Funk, Andrew Hoell
2014, Environmental Research Letters (9) 1-9
In this study we implement and evaluate a simple 'hybrid' forecast approach that uses constructed analogs (CA) to improve the National Multi-Model Ensemble's (NMME) March–April–May (MAM) precipitation forecasts over equatorial eastern Africa (hereafter referred to as EA, 2°S to 8°N and 36°E to 46°E). Due to recent declines in MAM...
Effects of native herbs and light on garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) invasion
Laura Phillips-Mao, Diane L. Larson, Nicholas R. Jordan
2014, Invasive Plant Science and Management (7) 257-268
The degree to which invasive species drive or respond to environmental change has important implications for conservation and invasion management. Often characterized as a driver of change in North American woodlands, the invasive herb garlic mustard may instead respond to declines in native plant cover and diversity. We tested effects...
Slope failures and timing of turbidity flows north of Puerto Rico
Uri S. ten Brink, Jason D. Chaytor
2014, Book chapter, Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences: 6th International Symposium
The submerged carbonate platform north of Puerto Rico terminates in a high (3,000–4,000 m) and in places steep (>45°) slope characterized by numerous landslide scarps including two 30–50 km-wide amphitheater-shaped features. The origin of the steep platform edge and the amphitheaters has been attributed to: (1) catastrophic failure, or (2)...
Potential environmental effects of pack stock on meadow ecosystems of the Sierra Nevada, USA
Steven M. Ostoja, Matthew L. Brooks, Peggy E. Moore, Eric L. Berlow, Robert Blank, Jim Roche, Jennifer T. Chase, Sylvia Haultain
2014, Rangeland Journal (36) 411-427
Pack and saddle stock, including, but not limited to domesticated horses, mules, and burros, are used to support commercial, private and administrative activities in the Sierra Nevada. The use of pack stock has become a contentious and litigious issue for land management agencies in the region inter alia due to...
