Predator-prey relationships and managements
Clint W. Boal, Warren B. Ballard
Paul R. Krausman, James W. Cain III, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, Wildlife management and conservation: Contemporary principles and practices
No abstract available....
Limiting the immediate and subsequent hazards associated with wildfires
Jerome V. DeGraff, Susan H. Cannon, Mario Parise
2013, Book chapter, Landslide Science and Practice: Volume 4: Global Environmental Change
Wildfire is a unique natural hazard because it poses immediate threats to life and property as well as creating conditions that can lead to subsequent debris flows. In recent years, the immediate destructive force of wildfires has been decreased through better understanding of fire behavior. Lightning detection networks now identify...
Genetic structure of the Common Eider in the western Aleutian Islands prior to fox eradication
Sarah A. Sonsthagen, Sandra L. Talbot, Robert E. Wilson, Margaret R. Petersen, Jeffrey C. Williams, G. Vernon Byrd, Kevin G. McCracken
2013, The Condor (115) 28-39
Since the late 18th century bird populations residing in the Aleutian Archipelago have been greatly reduced by introduced arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus). We analyzed data from microsatellite, nuclear intron, and mitochondrial (mtDNA) loci to examine the spatial genetic structure, demography, and gene flow among four Aleutian Island populations of the Common...
Intrinsic vs. extrinsic influences on life history expression: metabolism and parentally induced temperature influences on embryo development rate
Thomas E. Martin, Riccardo Ton, Alina Nikilson
2013, Ecology Letters (16) 738-745
Intrinsic processes are assumed to underlie life history expression and trade-offs, but extrinsic inputs are theorised to shift trait expression and mask trade-offs within species. Here, we explore application of this theory across species. We do this based on parentally induced embryo temperature as an extrinsic input, and mass-specific embryo...
Phylogeography, post-glacial gene flow, and population history of North American goshawks (Accipeter gentilis)
Shelley Bayard De Volo, Richard T. Reynolds, Sarah A. Sonsthagen, Sandra L. Talbot, Michael F. Antolin
2013, The Auk (130) 342-354
Climate cycling during the Quaternary played a critical role in the diversification of avian lineages in North America, greatly influencing the genetic characteristics of contemporary populations. To test the hypothesis that North American Northern Goshawks (Accipitergentilis) were historically isolated within multiple Late Pleistocene refugia, we assessed diversity and population genetic...
Migration patterns of Western High Arctic (Grey-belly) Brant Branta bernicla
W. Sean Boyd, David H. Ward, Donald K. Kraege, Alyssa A. Gerick
2013, Wildfowl (3) 3-25
This study describes the seasonal migration patterns of Western High Arctic Brant (WHA, or Grey-belly Brent Geese), Branta bernicla, an admixed population that breeds in the Canadian High Arctic and winters along the Pacific coast of North America. Adult WHA Brant were captured in family groups on Melville Island (75°23’N, 110°50’W)...
Multitemporal cross-calibration of the Terra MODIS and Landsat 7 ETM+ reflective solar bands
Amit Angal, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Aisheng Wu, Gyanesh Chander, Taeyoung Choi
2013, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (51) 1870-1882
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the use of remotely sensed data to address global issues. With the open data policy, the data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensors have become a critical component of numerous applications. These...
Assessing the location and magnitude of the 20 October 1870 Charlevoix, Quebec, earthquake
John E. Ebel, Megan Dupuy, William H. Bakun
2013, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (103) 588-594
The Charlevoix, Quebec, earthquake of 20 October 1870 caused damage to several towns in Quebec and was felt throughout much of southeastern Canada and along the U.S. Atlantic seaboard from Maine to Maryland. Site‐specific damage and felt reports from Canadian and U.S. cities and towns were used in analyses of...
Establishing an operational waterhole monitoring system using satellite data and hydrologic modelling: Application in the pastoral regions of East Africa
Gabriel B. Senay, Naga Manohar Velpuri, Henok Alemu, Shahriar Md Pervez, Kwabena O Asante, Gatarwa Karuki, Asefa Taa, Jay Angerer
2013, Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice (3) 1-16
Timely information on the availability of water and forage is important for the sustainable development of pastoral regions. The lack of such information increases the dependence of pastoral communities on perennial sources, which often leads to competition and conflicts. The provision of timely information is a challenging task, especially due...
Variation in clinical phenotype of human infection among genetic groups of Blastomyces dermatitidis
Jennifer K. Meece, Jennifer L. Anderson, Sarah Gruszka, Brian L. Sloss, Bradley Sullivan, Kurt D. Reed
2013, Journal of Infectious Diseases (207) 814-822
Background. Blastomyces dermatitidis, the etiologic agent of blastomycosis, has 2 genetic groups and shows varied clinical presentation, ranging from silent infections to fulminant respiratory disease and dissemination. The objective of this study was to determine whether clinical phenotype and outcomes vary based on the infecting organism's genetic group.Methods. We used microsatellites to...
Book review: Economic geology: Principles and practice: Metals, minerals, coal and hydrocarbons—Introduction to formation and sustainable exploitation of mineral deposits
Eric D. Anderson
2013, Economic Geology (108) 1517-1518
This volume, available in both hardcover and paperback, is an English translation of the fifth edition of the German language text Mineralische und Energie-Rohstoffe. The book provides an extensive overview of natural resources and societal issues associated with extracting raw materials. The comprehensive list of raw materials discussed includes metals,...
Use of gene-expression programming to estimate Manning’s roughness coefficient for high gradient streams
H. Azamathulla, Robert D. Jarrett
2013, Water Resources Management (27) 715-729
Manning’s roughness coefficient (n) has been widely used in the estimation of flood discharges or depths of flow in natural channels. Therefore, the selection of appropriate Manning’s nvalues is of paramount importance for hydraulic engineers and hydrologists and requires considerable experience, although extensive guidelines are available. Generally,...
Woodland dynamics at the northern range periphery: A challenge for protected area management in a changing world
Scott L. Powell, Andrew J. Hansen, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Lisa K. Garrett, Julio L. Betancourt, Gordon H. Dicus, Meghan K. Lonneker
2013, PLoS ONE (8)
Managers of protected natural areas increasingly are confronted with novel ecological conditions and conflicting objectives to preserve the past while fostering resilience for an uncertain future. This dilemma may be pronounced at range peripheries where rates of change are accelerated and ongoing invasions often are perceived as threats to local...
Knowledge, transparency, and refutability in groundwater models, an example from the Death Valley regional groundwater flow system
Mary C. Hill, Claudia C. Faunt, Wayne Belcher, Donald S. Sweetkind, Claire R. Tiedeman, Dmitri Kavetski
2013, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C (64) 105-116
This work demonstrates how available knowledge can be used to build more transparent and refutable computer models of groundwater systems. The Death Valley regional groundwater flow system, which surrounds a proposed site for a high level nuclear waste repository of the United States of America, and the Nevada National Security...
The false spring of 2012, earliest in North American record
T.R. Ault, G.M. Henebry, K. M. de Beurs, M.D. Schwartz, Julio L. Betancourt, David Moore
2013, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (94) 181-183
Phenology - the study of recurring plant and animal life cycle stages, especially their timing and relationships with weather and climate - is becoming an essential tool for documenting, communicating, and anticipating the consequences of climate variability and change. For example, March 2012 broke numerous records for warm temperatures and...
Baseline-dependent responses of soil organic carbon dynamics to climate and land disturbances
Zhengxi Tan, Shuguang Liu
2013, Applied and Environmental Soil Science (2013) 1-7
Terrestrial carbon (C) sequestration through optimizing land use and management is widely considered a realistic option to mitigate the global greenhouse effect. But how the responses of individual ecosystems to changes in land use and management are related to baseline soil organic C (SOC) levels still needs to be evaluated...
Biochar effect on maize yield and soil characteristics in five conservation farming sites in Zambia
Gerard Cornelissen, Vegard Martinsen, Victor Shitumbanuma, Vanja Alling, Gijs D. Breedveld, David W. Rutherford, Magnus Sparrevik, Sarah E. Hale, Alfred Obia, Jan Mulder
2013, Agronomy Journal (3) 256-274
Biochar addition to agricultural soils can improve soil fertility, with the added bonus of climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. Conservation farming (CF) is precision farming, often combining minimum tillage, crop rotation and residue retention. In the present farmer-led field trials carried out in Zambia, the use of a low...
Sediment transport due to extreme events: The Hudson River estuary after tropical storms Irene and Lee
David K. Ralston, John C. Warner, W. Rockwell Geyer, Gary R. Wall
2013, Geophysical Research Letters (40) 5451-5455
Tropical Storms Irene and Lee in 2011 produced intense precipitation and flooding in the U.S. Northeast, including the Hudson River watershed. Sediment input to the Hudson River was approximately 2.7 megaton, about 5 times the long-term annual average. Rather than the common assumption that sediment is predominantly trapped in the...
Gas hydrate formation rates from dissolved-phase methane in porous laboratory specimens
William F. Waite, E.K. Spangenberg
2013, Geophysical Research Letters (40) 4310-4315
Marine sands highly saturated with gas hydrates are potential energy resources, likely forming from methane dissolved in pore water. Laboratory fabrication of gas hydrate-bearing sands formed from dissolved-phase methane usually requires 1–2 months to attain the high hydrate saturations characteristic of naturally occurring energy resource targets. A series of gas hydrate...
Sorption of pure N2O to biochars and other organic and inorganic materials under anhydrous conditions
Gerard Cornelissen, David W. Rutherford, Hans Peter H. Arp, Peter Dorsch, Charlene N. Kelly, Colleen E. Rostad
2013, Environmental Science & Technology (47) 7704-7712
Suppression of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil is commonly observed after amendment with biochar. The mechanisms accounting for this suppression are not yet understood. One possible contributing mechanism is N2O sorption to biochar. The sorption of N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) to four biochars was measured in an anhydrous...
Assessing and measuring wetland hydrology
Donald O. Rosenberry, Masaki Hayashi
James T. Anderson, Craig A. Davis, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, Wetland techniques, Volume 1 Foundations
Virtually all ecological processes that occur in wetlands are influenced by the water that flows to, from, and within these wetlands. This chapter provides the “how-to” information for quantifying the various source and loss terms associated with wetland hydrology. The chapter is organized from a water-budget perspective, with sections associated...
Integrating GIS across disciplines: how the intersection of biology and geography has influenced fisheries GIS
William L. Fisher
T. Nishida, A. E. Canton, editor(s)
2013, Book chapter, GIS/Spatial Analyses in Fishery and Aquatic Sciences, volume 5
No abstract available....
Riverine habitat dynamics
R. B. Jacobson
2013, Book chapter
The physical habitat template is a fundamental influence on riverine ecosystem structure and function. Habitat dynamics refers to the variation in habitat through space and time as the result of varying discharge and varying geomorphology. Habitat dynamics can be assessed at spatial scales ranging from the grain (the smallest resolution...
Demography and population status of polar bears in western Hudson Bay
Nicholas J. Lunn, Eric V Regher, Sabrina Servanty, Sarah J. Converse, Evan S. Richardson, Ian Stirling
2013, Report, Research Report
We evaluated the demography and population status of the Western Hudson Bay (WH) polar bear subpopulation for the period 1984-2011, using live-recapture data from research studies and management actions, and dead-recovery data from polar bears harvested for subsistence purposes or removed during human-bear conflicts. We used a Bayesian implementation of multistate...
Zinc isotope and transition-element dynamics accompanying hydrozincite biomineralization in the Rio Naracauli, Sardinia, Italy
Richard B. Wanty, F. Podda, Giovanni De Giudici, R. Cidu, Pierfranco Lattanzi
2013, Chemical Geology (337-338) 1-10
The Rio Naracauli in SW Sardinia drains part of the Ingurtosu Zn–Pb mining district, and contains extreme concentrations of dissolved Zn at near-neutral pH. In the upper reaches of the stream, pH, alkalinity and Zn concentrations are such that hydrozincite [Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6] precipitates in a biologically mediated process facilitated by a...
