Fecal-indicator bacteria in the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers and selected tributaries, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, 2001-2005
Theodore F. Buckwalter, Tammy M. Zimmerman, John W. Fulton
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5216
Concentrations of fecal-indicator bacteria were determined in 1,027 water-quality samples collected from July 2001 through August 2005 during dry- (72-hour dry antecedent period) and wet-weather (48-hour dry antecedent period and at least 0.3 inch of rain in a 24-hour period) conditions in the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers (locally referred...
Statewide analysis of the drainage-area ratio method for 34 streamflow percentile ranges in Texas
William H. Asquith, Meghan C. Roussel, Joseph Vrabel
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5286
The drainage-area ratio method commonly is used to estimate streamflow for sites where no streamflow data are available using data from one or more nearby streamflow-gaging stations. The method is intuitive and straightforward to implement and is in widespread use by analysts and managers of surface-water resources. The method equates...
A Streamflow Statistics (StreamStats) Web Application for Ohio
G. F. Koltun, Stephanie P. Kula, Barry M. Puskas
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5312
A StreamStats Web application was developed for Ohio that implements equations for estimating a variety of streamflow statistics including the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, and 500-year peak streamflows, mean annual streamflow, mean monthly streamflows, harmonic mean streamflow, and 25th-, 50th-, and 75th-percentile streamflows. StreamStats is a Web-based geographic...
Ground-water quality beneath irrigated cropland of the northern and southern High Plains aquifer, Nebraska and Texas, 2003-04
Jennifer S. Stanton, Lynne S. Fahlquist
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5196
A study of the quality of ground water beneath irrigated cropland was completed for the northern and southern High Plains aquifer. Ground-water samples were collected from 30 water-table monitoring wells in the northern agricultural land-use (NAL) study area in Nebraska in 2004 and 29 water-table monitoring wells in the southern agricultural...
Occurrence and transport of agricultural chemicals in Leary Weber Ditch Basin, Hancock County, Indiana, 2003-04
Nancy T. Baker, Wesley W. Stone, John T. Wilson, Michael T. Meyer
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5251
Leary Weber Ditch Basin, Hancock County, Indiana, is one of seven first-order basins selected from across the United States as part of the Agricultural Chemicals: Source, Transport, and Fate study conducted by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The nationwide study was designed to increase the...
Simulated Effects of Seasonal Ground-Water Pumpage for Irrigation on Hydrologic Conditions in the Lower Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin, Southwestern Georgia and Parts of Alabama and Florida, 1999-2002
L. Elliott Jones, Lynn J. Torak
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5234
To determine the effects of seasonal ground-water pumpage for irrigation, a finite-element ground-water flow model was developed for the Upper Floridan aquifer in the lower Flint River Basin area, including adjacent parts of the Chattahoochee and Apalachicola River Basins. The model simulates withdrawal from the aquifer at 3,280 irrigation, municipal,...
Arsenic, Boron, and Fluoride Concentrations in Ground Water in and Near Diabase Intrusions, Newark Basin, Southeastern Pennsylvania
Lisa A. Senior, Ronald A. Sloto
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5261
During an investigation in 2000 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) of possible contaminant releases from an industrial facility on Congo Road near Gilbertsville in Berks and Montgomery Counties, southeastern Pennsylvania, concentrations of arsenic and fluoride above USEPA drinking-water standards of 10 ?g/L and 4 mg/L, respectively, and of...
Use of Spatial Sampling and Microbial Source-Tracking Tools for Understanding Fecal Contamination at Two Lake Erie Beaches
Donna S. Francy, Erin E. Bertke, Dennis P. Finnegan, Christopher M. Kephart, Rodney A. Sheets, John Rhoades, Lester Stumpe
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5298
Source-tracking tools were used to identify potential sources of fecal contamination at two Lake Erie bathing beaches: an urban beach (Edgewater in Cleveland, Ohio) and a beach in a small city (Lakeshore in Ashtabula, Ohio). These tools included identifying spatial patterns of Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentrations in each area,...
Losses and Gains for Eight Unlined Canals Along the Purgatoire River near Trinidad, Colorado, 2000-2004
Lisa D. Miller
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5164
The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a field study from July 2000 through June 2004, in cooperation with the Purgatoire River Water Conservancy District, Colorado Water Conservation Board, and Bureau of Reclamation, to characterize and quantify losses and gains in Picketwire, Baca, El Moro, Chilili, Enlarged Southside, Model, John Flood, and...
Ground-Water Contributions to Reservoir Storage and the Effect on Estimates of Firm Yield for Reservoirs in Massachusetts
Stacey A. Archfield, Carl S. Carlson
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5045
Potential ground-water contributions to reservoir storage were determined for nine reservoirs in Massachusetts that had shorelines in contact with sand and gravel aquifers. The effect of ground water on firm yield was not only substantial, but furthermore, the firm yield of a reservoir in contact with a sand and gravel...
Hydrogeomorphic Classification of Wetlands on Mt. Desert Island, Maine, Including Hydrologic Susceptibility Factors for Wetlands in Acadia National Park
Martha G. Nielsen
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5162
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Park Service, developed a hydrogeomorphic (HGM) classification system for wetlands greater than 0.4 hectares (ha) on Mt. Desert Island, Maine, and applied this classification using map-scale data to more than 1,200 mapped wetland units on the island. In addition, two hydrologic...
An Effective Method for Inversion of Elastic Impedance for Shallow Sediments and Its Application to Gas Hydrate-Bearing Sediments
Myung W. Lee
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5297
Elastic properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments (GHBS) are important for identifying and quantifying gas hydrate as well as discriminating the effects of free gas on velocity from that due to overpressure. Elastic properties of GHBS sediments can be estimated from elastic inversion using the elastic impedance. The accuracy of elastic...
Methane gas concentration in soils and ground water, Carbon and Emery Counties, Utah, 1995-2003
Bernard J. Stolp, A.L. Burr, K. K. Johnson
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5227
The release of methane gas from coal beds creates the potential for it to move into near-surface environments through natural and human-made pathways. To help ensure the safety of communities and determine the potential effects of development of coal-bed resources, methane gas concentrations in soils and ground water in Carbon...
Geomorphic Classification and Assessment of Channel Dynamics in the Missouri National Recreational River, South Dakota and Nebraska
Caroline M. Elliott, Robert B. Jacobson
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5313
A multiscale geomorphic classification was established for the 39-mile, 59-mile, and adjacent segments of the Missouri National Recreational River administered by the National Park Service in South Dakota and Nebraska. The objective of the classification was to define naturally occurring clusters of geomorphic characteristics that would be indicative of discrete...
Water Budgets and Potential Effects of Land- and Water-Use Changes for Carson Valley, Douglas County, Nevada, and Alpine County, California
Douglas K. Maurer, David L. Berger
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5305
To address concerns over continued growth in Carson Valley, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Douglas County, Nevada, began a study in February 2003 to update estimates of water-budget components in Carson Valley. Estimates of water-budget components were updated using annual evapotranspiration (ET) rates, rates of streamflow loss to...
Hydrology and simulation of ground-water flow, Lake Point, Tooele County, Utah
Lynette E. Brooks
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5310
Water for new residential development in Lake Point, Utah may be supplied by public-supply wells completed in consolidated rock on the east side of Lake Point. Ground-water flow models were developed to help understand the effect the proposed withdrawal will have on water levels, flowing-well discharge, spring discharge, and ground-water...
Microbial Quality of the Nation's Ground-Water Resources, 1993-2004
Sandra S. Embrey, Donna L. Runkle
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5290
As part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program, microbiological data were collected from wells in 22 NAWQA study units during 1993-2004. The wells constituted the sampling networks for three major NAWQA efforts--the major aquifer study, the land-use study, and source-water quality assessments of ground water used for public supplies....
Sedimentation and Occurrence and Trends of Selected Chemical Constituents in Bottom Sediment, Empire Lake, Cherokee County, Kansas, 1905-2005
Kyle E. Juracek
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5307
For about 100 years (1850-1950), the Tri-State Mining District in parts of southeast Kansas, southwest Missouri, and northeast Oklahoma was one of the primary sources of lead and zinc ore in the world. The mining activity in the Tri-State District has resulted in substantial historical and ongoing input of cadmium,...
Evaporation from Lake Mead, Arizona and Nevada, 1997-99
Craig L. Westenburg, Guy A. DeMeo, Daron J. Tanko
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5252
Lake Mead is one of a series of large Colorado River reservoirs operated and maintained by the Bureau of Reclamation. The Colorado River system of reservoirs and diversions is an important source of water for millions of people in seven Western States and Mexico. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation...
Relations of Water Quality to Streamflow, Season, and Land Use for Four Tributaries to the Toms River, Ocean County, New Jersey, 1994-99
Ronald J. Baker, Kathryn Hunchak-Kariouk
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5274
The effects of nonpoint-source contamination on the water quality of four tributaries to the Toms River in Ocean County, New Jersey, have been investigated in a 5-year study by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP). The purpose of the study...
Nutrient Concentrations, Loads, and Yields in the Eucha-Spavinaw Basin, Arkansas and Oklahoma, 2002-2004
Robert L. Tortorelli
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5250
The City of Tulsa, Oklahoma, uses Lake Eucha and Spavinaw Lake in the Eucha-Spavinaw basin in northwestern Arkansas and northeastern Oklahoma for public water supply. Taste and odor problems in the water attributable to blue-green algae have increased in frequency over time. Changes in the algae community in the lakes...
Hydrogeology and ground-water quality, Chippewa Township, Isabella County, Michigan, 2002-05
David B. Westjohn, Christopher J. Hoard
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5193
The ground-water resource potential of Chippewa Township, Isabella County, Mich. was characterized on the basis of existing hydrogeologic data, water-level records, analyses of water samples, and interpretation of geophysical survey data. Eight ground-water samples were collected and analyzed for major ions, nutrients, and trace-metal composition. In addition, 10 direct...
Development of land segmentation, stream-reach network, and watersheds in support of hydrological simulation program: Fortran (HSPF) modeling, Chesapeake Bay watershed, and adjacent parts of Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia
Sarah K. Martucci, Jennifer L. Krstolic, Jeff P. Raffensperger, Katharine J. Hopkins
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5073
The U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin, Maryland Department of the Environment, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, and the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science are collaborating on the Chesapeake Bay...
Sources of polychlorinated biphenyls to Devils Swamp Lake near Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Peter C. Van Metre, Jennifer T. Wilson, Briant A. Kimball
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5301
Devils Swamp Lake near Baton Rouge, Louisiana, created in 1973 by dredging in Devils Swamp along the Mississippi River, is contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from historical industrial discharges. This study involved the investigation of the occurrence, distribution, and sources of PCBs in the lake, including the possible historical contribution...
Changes in streamflow and water quality in selected nontidal basins in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed, 1985-2004
Michael J. Langland, Jeff P. Raffensperger, Douglas Moyer, Jurate M. Landwehr, Gregory E. Schwarz
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5178
As part of an annual evaluation of water-quality conditions by the Chesapeake Bay Program, water-quality and streamflow data from 32 sites in nontidal parts of the Chesapeake Bay watershed were analyzed to document annual nutrient and sediment trends for 1985 through 2004. This study also formalized different trend tests and...
