Mapping tide-water glacier dynamics in east Greenland using landsat data
John L. Dwyer
1995, Journal of Glaciology (41) 584-595
Landsat multispectral scanner and thematic mapper images were co-registered For the Kangerdlugssuaq Fjord region in East Greenland and were used to map glacier drainage-basin areas, changes in the positions of tide-water glacier termini and to estimate surface velocities of the larger tide-water glaciers. Statistics were compiled to document distance and...
The global topography mission gains momentum
Tom Farr, Diane Evans, Howard Zebker, David Harding, Jack Bufton, Timothy Dixon, S. Vetrella, Dean B. Gesch
1995, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (76) 213-216
An accurate description of the surface elevation of the Earth is of fundamental importance to many branches of Earth science. Continental topographic data are required for studies of hydrology, ecology, glaciology, geomorphology, and atmospheric circulation. For example, in hydrologic and terrestrial ecosystem studies, topography exerts significant control on intercepted solar...
Soil moisture sensors for continuous monitoring
Saud A. Amer, T. O. Keefer, M.A. Weltz, David C. Goodrich, Leslie Bach
1995, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (30) 69-83
Certain physical and chemical properties of soil vary with soil water content. The relationship between these properties and water content is complex and involves both the pore structure and constituents of the soil solution. One of the most economical techniques to quantify soil water content involves the measurement of...
Survival of juvenile black brant during brood rearing
Paul L. Flint, James S. Sedinger, Kenneth H. Pollock
1995, Journal of Wildlife Management (59) 455-463
Survival of young is an important and poorly understood component of waterfowl productivity. We estimated survival of black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) goslings during summers 1987-89 on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, to determine timing and magnitude of gosling mortality and to compare methods of estimating gosling survival. Eighty-two percent of...
Effects of harness-attached transmitters on premigration and reproduction of Brant
David H. Ward, Paul L. Flint
1995, Journal of Wildlife Management (59) 39-46
Radio transmitters are an important tool in waterfowl ecology studies, but little is known about their effects on free-ranging geese. We attached transmitters to female brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) to investigate migration schedules at a fall staging area, return rates to nesting grounds, and nesting rates of returning females in...
Estimating prefledging survival: Allowing for brood mixing and dependence among brood mates
Paul L. Flint, Kenneth H. Pollock, Dana Thomas, James S. Sedinger
1995, Journal of Wildlife Management (59) 448-455
Estimates of juvenile survival from hatch to fledging provide important information on waterfowl productivity. We develop a model for estimating survival of young waterfowl from hatch to fledging. Our model enables interchange of individuals among broods and relaxes the assumption that individuals within broods have independent survival probabilities. The model...
Phosphate dynamics in an acidic mountain stream: Interactions involving algal uptake, sorption by iron oxide, and photoreduction
Cathy M. Tate, Robert E. Broshears, Diane M. McKnight
1995, Limnology and Oceanography (40) 938-946
Acid mine drainage streams in the Rocky Mountains typically have few algal species and abundant iron oxide deposits which can sorb phosphate. An instream injection of radiolabeled phosphate (32P0,) into St. Kevin Gulch, an acid mine drainage stream, was used to test the ability of a dominant algal species, Ulothrix...
Use of isotopic data to estimate water residence times of the Finger Lakes, New York
Robert L. Michel, Thomas F. Kraemer
1995, Journal of Hydrology (164) 1-18
Water retention times in the Finger Lakes, a group of 11 lakes in central New York with similar hydrologic and climatic characteristics, were estimated by use of a tritium-balance model. During July 1991, samples were collected from the 11 lakes and selected tributary streams and were analyzed for tritium, deuterium,...
A device for simultaneously measuring nest attendance and nest temperature in waterfowl
Paul L. Flint, Margaret C. MacCluskie
1995, Journal of Field Ornithology (66) 515-521
Previous studies of waterfowl have measured nest attendance and nest temperature separately using a variety of methods. A device was developed that monitors nest attendance and temperature simultaneously. The device consists of an artificial egg with a microswitch that records nest attendance and a thermistor probe that records temperature. Data...
Precipitation depth-duration characteristics, Antelope Valley, California
James C. Blodgett, Iraj Nasseri
Espey William H.Combs Phil G., editor(s)
1995, Conference Paper, International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings
To document the changes in runoff characteristics of basins subject to urbanization, streamflow and precipitation data were collected at eight small basins in Antelope Valley, California, for the period 1990-93. The data collected at U.S. Geological Survey stations were supplemented by data collected at 35 long-term precipitation stations. These data...
Hazard assessment of inorganics to three endangered fish in the Green River, Utah
S. J. Hamilton
1995, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (30) 134-142
Acute toxicity tests were conducted with three life stages of Colorado squawfish (Ptychocheilus lucius), razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus), and bonytail (Gila elegans) in a reconstituted water quality simulating the middle part of the Green River of Utah. Tests were conducted with boron, lithium, selenate, selenite, uranium, vanadium, and zinc. The...
Flowing-recirculated water system for inducing spawning phase sea lampreys to spawn in the laboratory
Kim T. Fredricks, James G. Seelye
1995, Progressive Fish-Culturist 297-301
We describe a water-recirculating system for inducing spawning of sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) held under laboratory conditions. Water temperature in the system was gradually increased to and maintained at 18 ± 2°C, the optimal temperature for spawning. About 10% freshwater was added daily to prevent buildup of waste products. Sea...
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus in North America
Theodore R. Meyers, James R. Winton
1995, Annual Review of Fish Diseases (5) 3-24
The first detections of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in North America were in Washington State from adult coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and chinook (O. tshawytscha) salmon in 1988. Subsequently, VHSV was isolated from adult coho salmon returning to hatcheries in the Pacific Northwest in 1989, 1991 and 1994. These isolates...
Index of predation on juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish in the lower and middle Columbia River and in the lower Snake River
David L. Ward, James H. Petersen, John J. Loch
1995, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (124) 321-334
We developed a predation index to describe the relative magnitude of predation on juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish Ptychocheilus oregonensis throughout the lower and middle Columbia River and lower Snake River. The predation index was the product of an abundance index and a consumption index. We evaluated various catch indices...
Water over the bridge
John F. Piatt
1995, American Scientist (83) 396-398
The March-April issue of American Scientist contains a commentary by Julia K. Parrish and P. Dee Boersma (Macroscope, "Muddy Waters") that purports to "assess the validity of the claims made concerning seabird mortality as a result of the [Exxon Valdez oil] spill." Parrish and Boersma would have us believe that...
Salmon escapement estimates into the Togiak River using sonar, Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, 1987, 1988, and 1990
David B. Irving, James E. Finn, James P. Larson
1995, USFWS Alaska Fisheries Technical Report 31
We began a three year study in 1987 to test the feasibility of using sonar in the Togiak River to estimate salmon escapements. Current methods rely on periodic aerial surveys and a counting tower at river kilometer 97. Escapement estimates are not available until 10 to 14 days after the...
Measurements of velocity and discharge, Grand Canyon, Arizona, May 1994
Kevin A. Oberg, Gregory G. Fisk
Espey William H.Combs Phil G., editor(s)
1995, Conference Paper, International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) evaluated the feasibility of utilizing an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) to collect velocity and discharge data in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, in May 1994. An ADCP is an instrument that can be used to measure water velocity and discharge from a...
Simplified method for estimating total streambed scour at bridges in Illinois
Robert R. Holmes Jr., Daniel G. Ghere, Chad J. Dunn
Espey William H.Combs Phil G., editor(s)
1995, Conference Paper, International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings
A simplified method to estimate total streambed scour was developed for application to approximately 10,000 Local Agency bridges (bridges owned by local governments and not by the State of Illinois). This method consists of using total scour-envelope curves, developed as empirical relations between calculated total scour and bridge characteristics for...
Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1995
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1995, Report
This catalog is a list of (1) books and maps1 that were published during 1995 and (2) articles by U.S. Geological Survey personnel in non-U.S. Geological Survey journals and books that came to our attention in 1995; it supplements the permanent catalogs "Publications of the Geological Survey, 1879-1961," "Publications of...
Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, 1994
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1995, Report
This catalog is a list of (1) books and maps that were published during 1994 and (2) articles by U.S. Geological Survey personnel in non-U.S. Geological Survey journals and books that came to our attention in 1994; it supplements the permanent catalogs "Publications of the Geological Survey, 1879-1961,""Publications of the...
Flooding in southeastern United States from tropical storm Alberto, July 1994
Timothy W. Hale, Timothy C. Stamey
Espey William H.Combs Phil G., editor(s)
1995, Conference Paper, International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings
In July 1994, parts of Georgia, Alabama and Florida were devastated by floods resulting from rainfall produced by Tropical Storm Alberto. The flooding resulted in 33 human deaths in towns and small communities or near swollen streams. Total damages to public and private property were estimated at nearly $1 billion...
Hydrological processes and the water budget of lakes
Thomas C. Winter
Abraham Lerman, Dieter M. Imboden, Joel R. Gat, editor(s)
1995, Book chapter, Physics and chemistry of lakes
Lakes interact with all components of the hydrological system: atmospheric water, surface water, and groundwater. The fluxes of water to and from lakes with regard to each of these components represent the water budget of a lake. Mathematically, the concept of a water budget is deceptively simple: income equals outgo,...
Duck nest success in the prairie potholes
Terry L. Shaffer, Wesley E. Newton
Edward T. LaRoe, Gaye S. Farris, Catherine E. Puckett, Peter D. Doran, Michael J. Mac, editor(s)
1995, Book chapter, Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems
Since the early 1970's, the numbers of some waterfowl species such as mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), blue-winged teal (A. discors), and northern pintail (A. acuta) have reached or nearly reached the lowest ever recorded. Low nest success (the proportion of nests in which one or more eggs hatch) in key breeding...
Hawaii's endemic birds
James D. Jacobi, Carter T. Atkinson
Edward T. LaRoe, Gaye S. Farris, Catherine E. Puckett, Peter D. Doran, Michael J. Mac, editor(s)
1995, Book chapter, Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems
The endemic landbirds of Hawaii, particularly the Hawaiian honeycreepers, an endemic subfamily of the cardueline finches, are one of the world's most dramatic examples of adaptive radiation and speciation (see glossary) in island ecosystems (Freed et al. 1987; Scott et al. 1988). From what is believed to have been a...
Reef fishes of the Florida Keys
William F. Smith-Vaniz, James A. Bohnsack, James D. Williams
Edward T. LaRoe, Gaye S. Farris, Catherine E. Puckett, Peter D. Doran, Michael J. Mac, editor(s)
1995, Book chapter, Our living resources: A report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems
The Florida Keys are a chain of islands extending 320 km (199 mi) along the southern edge of the Florida Plateau from Biscayne Bay to the Dry Tortugas (101 km [63 mi] west of Key West). The Florida Reef Tract, a band of living coral reefs paralleling the Keys, extends...
