San Francisco Bay/delta regional monitoring program plankton and water quality pilot study, 1993, in 1993 Annual Report, San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances: San Francisco Estuary Institute
Alan D. Jassby, James E. Cloern, J. Caffrey, B. Cole, J. Rudek
1994, Report, San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for trace substances: 1993 annual report
The pilot program described here is motivated by a fundamental principle of the Regional Monitoring Strategy, namely “...the development of data that will provide information on status and trends in the Estuary.” As pointed out in the Strategy, knowledge of status and trends serves two primary purposes: (1) to become...
Hydrogeology and paths of flow in the carbonate bedrock aquifer, northwestern Indiana
Leslie D. Arihood
1994, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (30) 205-218
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is assessing the ground.water resources of the carbonate bedrock aquifers in Indiana and Ohio as part of their Regional Aquifer Systems Analysis program. Part of this assessment includes the determination of unknown aspects of...
Ground-water flow patterns near South Bend, Indiana, and their implications for watershed management
L. D. Arihood
1994, Conference Paper
Why is the ocean salty?
Herbert Swenson
1994, Report
All water, even rain water, contains dissolved chemicals which scientists call "salts." But not all water tastes salty. Water is fresh or salty according to individual judgment, and in making this decision man is more convinced by his sense of taste than by a laboratory test. It is one's taste...
Lake Number, a quantitative indicator of mixing used to estimate changes in dissolved oxygen
Dale M. Robertson, Jorg Imberger
1994, International Review of Hydrobiology (79) 159-176
Lake Number, LN, values are shown to be quantitative indicators of deep mixing in lakes and reservoirs that can be used to estimate changes in deep water dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations. LN is a dimensionless parameter defined as the ratio of the moments about the center of volume of the...
Statistical Techniques for Assessing water‐quality effects of BMPs
John F. Walker
1994, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering (120) 334-337
Little has been published on the effectiveness of various management practices in small rural lakes and streams at the watershed scale. In this study, statistical techniques were used to test for changes in water‐quality data from watersheds where best management practices (BMPs) were implemented. Reductions in data variability due to...
Cycling of mercury across the sediment-water interface in seepage lakes: Chapter 13, Advances in Chemistry
James P. Hurley, David P. Krabbenhoft, Christopher L. Babiarz, Anders Andren
1994, Book chapter, Environmental Chemistry of Lakes and Reservoirs
The magnitude and direction of Hg fluxes across the sediment—water interface were estimated by groundwater, dry bulk sediment, sediment pore water, sediment trap, and water-column analyses in two northern Wisconsin seepage lakes. Little Rock Lake (Treatment Basin) received no groundwater discharge during the study period (1988—1990), and Follette Lake received...
Wildlife habitat enhancement
A. W. Allen
1994, Book, Proceedings of the Soil and Water Conservation Society Meeting
No abstract available....
Molluscan evidence for a late Pleistocene sea-level lowstand from Monterey Bay, central California
Charles L. Powell II
1994, Veliger (37) 69-80
One hundred and twenty-three molluscan taxa are reported from four samples collected from a sea level lowstand deposit located between 100 m and 300 m below sea level in Monterey Bay, central California. Ecological interpretations of these mollusks suggest temperatures essentially equivalent to those from Puget Sound, Washington, to southern...
The relationship between species richness and community biomass: The importance of environmental variables
L. Gough, J.B. Grace, K.L. Taylor
1994, Oikos (70) 271-279
Several studies have used plant community biomass to predict species richness with varying success. In this study we examined the relationship between species richness and biomass for 36 marsh communities from two different watersheds. In addition, we measured several environmental variables and estimated the potential richness (the total number of...
A new selective enrichment procedure for isolating Pasteurella multocida from avian and environmental samples
M.K. Moore, L. Cicnjak-Chubbs, R.J. Gates
1994, Avian Diseases (38) 317-324
A selective enrichment procedure, using two new selective media, was developed to isolate Pasteurella multocida from wild birds and environmental samples. These media were developed by testing 15 selective agents with six isolates of P. multocida from wild avian origin and seven other bacteria representing genera frequently found in environmental...
Emperor goose (Chen canagica)
Margaret R. Petersen, Joel A. Schmutz, R.F. Rockwell
A. Poole, F. Gill, editor(s)
1994, Birds of North America 97
Early naturalists exploring western Alaska were intrigued to find a stocky, blue-gray species of coastal goose unique to that area and nearby Russia. As E. W. Nelson (1887) wrote, "Among the various species of birds more or less peculiar to Alaska this goose is perhaps the most noteworthy." The Emperor...
Hepatic cadmium, metal-binding proteins and bioaccumulation in bluegills exposed to aqueous cadmium
W.G. Cope, G.J. Atchison, J.G. Wiener
1994, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (13) 553-562
We examined sublethal responses of juvenile bluegills Lepomis macrochirus to aqueous cadmium in two 28-d tests (test I, 0.0-8.4 μg Cd per liter; test II, 0.0-32.3 μg Cd per liter) in an intermittent-flow diluter. The experimental design was completely randomized, with two replicates in each of eight treatments (seven Cd...
Cadmium, metal-binding proteins, and growth in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus
W. Gregory Cope, James G. Wiener, Mark T. Steingraeber, Gary J. Atchison
1994, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (51) 1356-1367
We exposed juvenile bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) to ~1000 mg∙L−1 of continuously suspended river sediment in a 28-d test with six treatments (randomized block with one sediment-free control and five sediments ranging from 1.3 to 21.4 μg Cd∙g dry weight−1). Each treatment had three replicates, each with 25 fish. Growth was reduced by...
What do maps show?
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1994, Report
The purpose of the teaching package is to help students understand and use maps. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has provided the package as a service to educators so that more Americans will learn to understand the world of information on maps. Everything in the package teaches and reinforces geographic...
Hydrologic processes controlling sulfate mobility in a small forested watershed
Thomas G. Huntington, R. P. Hooper, Brent T. Aulenbach
1994, Water Resources Research (30) 283-295
Hydrologic controls on sulfate mobility were investigated in a forested catchment in the Georgia Piedmont using a watershed mass balance approach. Variations in annual sulfate export were governed primarily by differences in runoff rather than by differences in sulfate deposition or in total annual precipitation. However, 2 years with similar...
Can activity traps assess aquatic insect abundance at the landscape level?
L.R. Boobar, K.E. Gibbs, J. R. Longcore
1994, Bulletin of the North American Benthological Society (11) 94 (Abstra
We used activity traps as designed by Riley and Bookhout (1990. Wetlands) to sample aquatic invertebrates as part of a study to characterize wetlands on a forested and an agricultural landscape (ca. 1,000 mi'2) in northern. Maine. Eight wetlands (5 from agricultural and 3 from forested landscapes) were sampled at...
Habitat constraints on the distribution of passerine residents and neotropical migrants in Latin America
C.S. Robbins, B.A. Dowell, D.K. Dawson
1994, El Pitirre (Society of Caribbean Ornithology) (7) 5 (abs)
With continuing tropical deforestation, there is increased concern for birds that depend on forest habitats in Latin America. During the past 10 northern winters, we have conducted quantitative studies of habitat use by wintering migrant songbirds and by residents in the Greater Antilles, Mexico, Central America, and northern South America....
Contaminants in eggs of aquatic birds from the grasslands of central California
R. L. Hothem, D. Welsh
1994, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (27) 180-185
Eggs were collected from the Grasslands of western Merced County, California, during 1986 and 1987, and at the Mendota Wildlife Area in Fresno County in 1987, as part of a reproductive study of nesting ducks and shorebirds. The eggs were analyzed to evaluate the effects of contaminants in agricultural drainwater...
Use of geoelectrical methods in groundwater pollution surveys in a coastal environment
R.K. Frohlich, D.W. Urish, J. Fuller, M. O’Reilly
1994, Journal of Applied Geophysics (32) 139-154
The pollution of coastal aquifers by old landfills can contaminate valuable and scarce water resources in the freshwater lens utilized seasonably by overcrowded communities. The pollutants will ultimately flow into the sea where they may also cause a coastal water pollution problem. We have detected pollution in the freshwater lens...
Prevalence of eustrongylidosis in wading birds from colonies in California, Texas, and Rhode Island, USA
J. C. Franson, T. W. Custer
1994, Colonial Waterbirds (17) 168-172
Snowy Egret (Egretta thula) and Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) nestlings from colonies in Texas, Rhode Island, and California and Great Egret (Casmerodius albus) nestlings from Texas were examined for eustrongylidosis, or infection by the parasitic nematode Eustrongylides spp. In 31% (24/77) of all broods examined, at least one nestling was...
Habitat use by an endangered riverine fish and implications for species protection
C.S. Robbins
1994, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (3) 177-178
We investigated habitat specificity of the amber darter (Percina antesella Williams & Etnier 1977), an imperiled fish from restricted portions of 2 rivers in the southeastern United States. Foraging amber darters occupied a narrow range of riffle habitat, consistently avoiding areas < 20 cm deep and with velocity <...
Main and interactive effects of arsenic and selenium on mallard reproduction and duckling growth and survival
T.R. Stanley Jr., J. W. Spann, G. J. Smith, R. Rosscoe
1994, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (26) 444-451
Arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) occur together in high concentrations in the environment and can accumulate in aquatic plants and invertebrates consumed by waterfowl. Ninety-nine pairs of breeding mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were fed diets supplemented with As (sodium arsenate) at 0, 25, 100, or 400 μg/g, in combination with Se...
Conservation reserve program: benefit for grassland birds in the northern plains
R. E. Reynolds, T.L. Shaffer, J.R. Sauer, B.G. Peterjohn
1994, Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (59) 328-336
During the past few decades numbers of some species of upland-nesting birds in North America have declined. Duck species such as mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), northern pintail (A. acuta) and blue-winged teal (A. discors) have declined since the early 1970s and have remained low since 1985 (Caithamer et al. 1993). Some...
Changes in campsite condition: Results from campsite monitoring at Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area
J. L. Marion
1994, Research/Resources Management Report NPS/MARDEWA/NRTR-94/063.
