Petrographic and anatomical characteristics of plant material from two peat deposits of Holocene and Miocene age, Kalimantan, Indonesia
T.A. Moore, R.E. Hilbert
1992, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (72) 199-227
Samples from two peat-forming environments of Holocene and Miocene age in Kalimantan (Borneo), Indonesia, were studied petrographically using nearly identical sample preparation and microscopic methodologies. Both deposits consist of two basic types of organic material: plant organs/tissues and fine-grained matrix. There are seven predominant types of plant organs and tissues:...
Comparison of the effects of filtration and preservation methods on analyses for strontium-90 in ground water
L.L. Knobel, L. DeWayne Cecil, S.J. Wegner, L.L. Moore
1992, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (20) 67-80
From 1952 to 1988, about 140 curies of strontium-90 were discharged in liquid waste to disposal ponds and wells at the INEL (Idaho National Engineering Laboratory). Water from four wells was sampled as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's quality-assurance program to evaluate the effects of filtration and preservation methods...
Patterns and rates of ground-water flow on Long Island, New York
Herbert T. Buxton, Edward Modica
1992, Groundwater (30) 857-866
Increased ground-water contamination from human activities on Long Island has prompted studies to define the pattern and rate of ground-water movement. A two-dimensional, fine-mesh, finite-element model consisting of 11,969 nodes and 22,880 elements was constructed to represent ground-water flow along a north-south section through central Long Island. The model represents...
Evidence from Cd/Ca ratios in foraminifera for greater upwelling off California 4,000 years ago
A. VanGeen, N. Luoma, C. C. Fuller, R. Anima, H.E. Clifton, S. Trumbore
1992, Nature (358) 54-56
UPWELLING of nutrient-rich Pacific deep water along the North American west coast is ultimately driven by the temperature difference between air masses over land and over the ocean. The intensity of upwelling, and biological production in the region, could therefore be affected by anthropogenic climate change. Examination of the geological...
Bidirectional sulfate diffusion in saline-lake sediments: Evidence from Devils Lake, northeast North Dakota
S.C. Komor
1992, Geology (20) 319-322
Chemical and isotopic gradients in pore water in Devils Lake indicate that maximum rates of sulfate reduction occur between 1 and 3 cm depth in the bottom sediments. Dissolved sulfate diffuses into the sulfate-reduction zone upward from deeply buried saline pore water at an average rate of 1.4 x 10-5 μmol...
Floodplain storage of mine tailings in the Belle Fourche river system: a sediment budget approach
D. C. Marron
1992, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (17) 675-685
Arsenic‐contaminated mine tailings that were discharged into Whitewood Creek at Lead, South Dakota, from 1876 to 1978, were deposited along the floodplains of Whitewood Creek and the Belle Fourche River. The resulting arsenic‐contaminated floodplain deposit consists mostly of overbank sediments and filled abandoned meanders along White‐wood Creek, and overbank and...
Use of forecasting signatures to help distinguish periodicity, randomness, and chaos in ripples and other spatial patterns
D. M. Rubin
1992, Chaos (2) 525-536
Forecasting of one-dimensional time series previously has been used to help distinguish periodicity, chaos, and noise. This paper presents two-dimensional generalizations for making such distinctions for spatial patterns. The techniques are evaluated using synthetic spatial patterns and then are applied to a natural example: ripples formed in sand by blowing...
Brine history indicated by argon, krypton, chlorine, bromine, and iodine analyses of fluid inclusions from the Mississippi Valley type lead-fluorite-barite deposits at Hansonburg, New Mexico
J.K. Böhlke, J.J. Irwin
1992, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (110) 51-66
Argon, krypton, chlorine, bromine, and iodine were measured in a homogeneous population of high-salinity hydrothermal fluid inclusions from the Tertiary-age Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) lead-fluorite-barite deposits at Hansonburg, New Mexico to establish new types of evidence for the history of both the fluid and the major dissolved salts. Noble gases and...
Late Quaternary environments in Ruby Valley, Nevada
R.S. Thompson
1992, Quaternary Research (37) 1-15
Palynological data from sediment cores from the Ruby Marshes provide a record of environmental and climatic changes over the last 40,000 yr. The modern marsh waters are fresh, but no deeper than ???3 m. A shallow saline lake occupied this basin during the middle Wisconsin, followed by fresh and perhaps...
A new model for tabular-type uranium deposits
R.F. Sanford
1992, Economic Geology (87) 2041-2055
Tabular-type uranium deposits occur as tabular, originally subhorizontal bodies entirely within reduced fluvial sandstones of Late Silurian age or younger. This paper proposes that belts of tabular-type uranium deposits formed in areas of mixed local and regional ground-water discharge shortly after deposition of the host sediments. The general characteristics of...
Determination of malachite green and its leuco form in water
J. L. Allen, J.R. Meinertz, J.E. Gofus
1992, Journal of AOAC International (75) 646-649
Liquid chromatographic (LC) analysis can detect malachite green residues in water at less than 10µg/L. Water samples were concentrated on disposable diol columns, eluted with 0.05M p-toluenesulfonic acid in methanol, and determined by reversed- phase LC. When combined with a lead oxide postcolumn reactor, the LC method can simultaneously...
Semiempirical model of soil water hysteresis
J. R. Nimmo
1992, Soil Science Society of America Journal (56) 1723-1730
In order to represent hysteretic soil water retention curves accurately using as few measurements as possible, a new semiempirical model has been developed. It has two postulates related to physical characteristics of the medium, and two parameters, each with a definite physical interpretation, whose values are determined empirically for a...
3H and 14C as tracers of ground-water recharge
John A. Izbicki, Robert L. Michel, Peter Martin
1992, Conference Paper, Irrigation and Drainage: Saving a Threatened Resource - In Search of Solutions, Proceedings of the Irrigation and Drainage Sessions at Water Forum '92
Surface spreading of water from the Santa Clara River is used to recharge aquifers underlying the Oxnard Plain. These aquifers are divided into an upper system about 400 feet thick, and a lower system more than 1,000 feet thick. In previous studies, it has been reported that surface spreading recharged...
Large lake basins of the southern High Plains: Ground-water control of their origin?
W.W. Wood, W. E. Sanford, C.C. Reeves Jr.
1992, Geology (20) 535-538
The origin of the ∼40-50 topographically large lake basins on the southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico has been an enigma. Previous workers have considered deflation or evaporite dissolution at depth and subsequent collapse as the most probable mechanisms. However, the eolian hypotheses have been unable to provide...
Pesticide residues in ground water of the San Joaquin Valley, California
Joseph L. Domagalski, N. M. Dubrovsky
1992, Journal of Hydrology (130) 299-338
A regional assessment of non-point-source contamination of pesticide residues in ground water was made of the San Joaquin Valley, an intensively farmed and irrigated structural trough in central California. About 10% of the total pesticide use in the USA is in the San Joaquin Valley. Pesticides detected include atrazine,...
Laser microprobe analyses of Cl, Br, I, and K in fluid inclusions: Implications for sources of salinity in some ancient hydrothermal fluids
J.K. Böhlke, J.J. Irwin
1992, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (56) 203-225
The relative concentrations of Cl, Br, I, and K in fluid inclusions in hydrothermal minerals were measured by laser microprobe noble gas mass spectrometry on irradiated samples containing 10−10 to 10−8 L of fluid. Distinctive halogen signatures indicate contrasting sources of fluid salinity in fluid inclusions from representative “magmatic” (St....
Thermal springs in Lake Baikal
Wayne C. Shanks III, E. Callender
1992, Geology (20) 495-497
Pore waters extracted from sediment cores were analyzed for their oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions and major ion chemistry to determine the source of water from a vent area for diffuse lake-bottom thermal springs or seeps in Frolikha Bay, northeastern Lake Baikal. The...
Solution of the advection-dispersion equation by a finite-volume eulerian-lagrangian local adjoint method
R. W. Healy, T.F. Russell
1992, Conference Paper, Finite Elements in Water Resources, Proceedings of the International Conference
A finite-volume Eulerian-Lagrangian local adjoint method for solution of the advection-dispersion equation is developed and discussed. The method is mass conservative and can solve advection-dominated ground-water solute-transport problems accurately and efficiently. An integrated finite-difference approach is used in the method. A key component of the method is that the integral...
The cycling of iron and manganese in the water column of Lake Sammamish, Washington
Laurie S. Balistrieri, J.W. Murray, B. Paul
1992, Limnology and Oceanography (37) 510-528
Processes controlling the distribution and mobility of Fe and Mn in Lake Sammamish, Washington, a seasonally anoxic lake, are deduced from a year‐long monthly study of physical, chemical, and biological parameters in the lake. Inventories of dissolved Mn and Fe in the bottom waters increase as the...
Remote sensing of water clarity and suspended sediments in coastal waters
R. P. Stumpf
1992, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Processing of data for estimation of suspended sediment concentrations and water clarity in turbid coastal water requires three components: (1) correction of raw data to water reflectance; (2) establishment of appropriate general models relating reflectance characteristics to materials in the water; and (3) determination of the coefficients of the models...
Flooding mortality and habitat renewal for least terns and piping plovers
John G. Sidle, D.E. Carlson, E.M. Kirsch, J.J. Dinan
1992, Colonial Waterbirds (15) 132-136
We observed extensive mortality (eggs and chicks) of the endangered interior population of the Least Tern (Sterna antillarum) and threatened Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) caused by natural flooding during the 1990 breeding season along the Platte River, Nebraska USA. Aerial videography of the Platte River before and after the flood...
Determination of hatching date for eggs of black-crowned night-herons, snowy egrets and great egrets
T. W. Custer, G.W. Pendleton, R.W. Roach
1992, Journal of Field Ornithology (63) 145-154
Floatation of eggs in water and specific gravity of eggs of Black-crowned Night-Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax ), Snowy Egrets (Egretta thula ) and Great Egrets (Casmerodius albus ) were evaluated as methods to determine date of hatching. Although specific gravity was a better predictor of hatching date than egg...
Feeding flights of breeding double-crested cormorants at two Wisconsin colonies
T. W. Custer, C. Bunck
1992, Journal of Field Ornithology (63) 203-211
Unmarked Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus ) were followed by airplane from Cat Island and Spider Island, two nesting colonies in Wisconsin, to their first landing site. Cormorants flew an average of 2.0 km from Cat Island (maximum 40 km) and 2.4 km from Spider Island (maximum 12 km)....
Notes on sedimentation activities calendar year 1991
U.S. Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data- Subcommittee on Sedimentation
1992, Report
This report is a digest of information furnished by Federal agencies conducting sedimentation investigations. The decision to publish the report was made in 1946, from a proposal by the Chairman of the Federal Interagency River Basin Committee, Subcommittee on Sedimentation. The subcommittee approved the proposal and agreed to issue this...
Development of ground-water vulnerability database for the U.S. Environmental protection agency's hazard ranking system using a geographic information system
John S. Clarke, Jerry W. Sorensen, Henry G. Strickland, George Collins
1992, Conference Paper, ASTM Special Technical Publication
Geographic information system (GIS) methods were applied to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) hazard ranking system (HRS) to evaluate the vulnerability of ground water to contamination from actual or potential releases of hazardous materials from waste-disposal sites. Computerized maps of four factors influencing ground-water vulnerability - hydraulic conductivity, sorptive...
