Model B sediment concentration gage: Factors influencing its readings and a formula for correcting its errors in measurement and analysis of sediment load in streams
J. V. Skinner
1989, Report JJ
No abstract available....
Dynamic pore-pressure fluctuations in rapidly shearing granular materials
Richard M. Iverson, Richard G. LaHusen
1989, Science (246) 796-799
Results from two types of experiments show that intergranular pore pressures fluctuated dynamically during rapid, steady shear deformation of water-saturated granular materials. During some fluctuations, the pore water locally supported all normal and shear stresses, while grain-contact stresses transiently fell to zero. Fluctuations also propagated outward from the shear zone;...
The zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771), in North America: impact on raw water users
Ronald W. Griffiths, William P. Kovalak, Donald W. Schloesser
1989, Report, Service water system problems affecting safety-related equipment
The zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas), is a small mollusc native to the Black, Caspian, and Azov Seas that was discovered in Lake Erie of the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America in 1988. Its presence there raises immediate concerns for users of raw water because it can become...
Hydrologic and water-quality characteristics of a Wetland receiving wastewater effluent in St. Joseph, Minnesota
Rob G. Brown, James R. Stark
1989, Wetlands (9) 191-206
Hydrologic and water-quality characteristics were determined for a wetland being used for tertiary treatment of wastewater in St. Joseph, Minnesota. The wetland consists of spruce-tamarack fen and a cattail marsh, with the wastewater being discharged into the fen, and the fen draining into the marsh. The wetland is underlain by...
Trends in wintering canvasback populations at Catahoula Lake, Louisiana
Dennis W. Woolington, James W. Emfinger
1989, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies
Aerial survey data (1968-1989) and water gauge readings (1958-1989) were examined to detennine trends in and relationships between canvasback (Aythya valisineria) populations and water levels at Catahoula Lake, Louisiana. Wintering canvasback populations at Catahoula Lake have increased over the past 21 years. A peak population estimate of 78,000 canvasbacks was...
Planktonic benthonic foraminiferal ratios: Modern patterns and Tertiary applicability
Thomas G. Gibson
1989, Marine Micropaleontology (15) 29-52
The abundance of planktonic specimens in foraminiferal assemblages was determined in numerous bottom samples from inner neritic to deep oceanic depths along the Atlantic margin of the northeastern United States. The results augment previous studies in other areas that have...
Studies of contaminant and water quality effects on striped bass prolarvae and yearlings in the Potomac River and upper Chesapeake Bay in 1988
L. W. Hall Jr., M.C. Ziegenfuss, S. J. Bushong, M.A. Unger, R. L. Herman
1989, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (118) 619-629
Simultaneous on‐site and in situ studies of survival of prolarval and yearling striped bass Morone saxatilis were conducted in the Potomac River during the 1988 spawning season. Various water quality and contaminant conditions were monitored during these experiments. In situ experiments on yearlings and monitoring of water quality and contaminants were also...
Water resources of northeast Iowa
P. J. Horick, P. J. Soenksen
1989, Report
In 1965 a cooperative investigation with the U.S. Geological Survey produced Water Atlas No. 1 (Twenter and Coble, 1965). It presented information on the occurrence, availability, use, quality, and future demand of water in 10 counties in the central part of the state. Subsequent investigations produced Water Atlases No. 4...
Evaluation of inflow to Mirror Lake, New Hampshire
T. C. Winter, J.S. Eaton, G.E. Likens
1989, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (25) 991-1008
Measured stream discharge plus calculated ground water discharge (total measured runoff) were compared with runoff calculated by the unit-runoff method for the two largest watersheds of Mirror Lake for 1981–1983. Runoff calculated by the unit-runoff method, using Hubbard Brook watershed 3 as the index watershed, was greater than the total...
Snow and ice perturbation during historical volcanic eruptions and the formation of lahars and floods
Jon J. Major, Christopher G. Newhall
1989, Bulletin of Volcanology (52) 1-27
Historical eruptions have produced lahars and floods by perturbing snow and ice at more than 40 volcanoes worldwide. Most of these volcanoes are located at latitudes higher than 35°; those at lower latitudes reach altitudes generally above 4000 m. Volcanic events can perturb mantles of snow and ice in...
Riparian ecosystem creation and restoration: a literature summary
Karen M. Manci
1989, Report
Riparian ecosystems generally compose a minor proportion of surrounding areas, but typically are more structurally diverse and more productive in plant and animal biomass than adjacent upland areas. Riparian areas supply food, cover, and water (especially important in the arid West) for a large diversity of animals, and serve as migration routes and forest...
Assessing the relationship between Section 404 and wetland losses: a feasibility study
Douglas N. Gladwin, James E. Roelle, Duane A. Asherin
1989, Report
The primary objective of the Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. 1251) is to restore and maintain the physical, chemical, and biological integrity of the Nation's waters. Section 404 of the Act regulates the discharge of dredged or fill materials into wetlands and represents the primary Federal authority...
Physical habitat simulation system reference manual: version II
Robert T. Milhous, Marlys A. Updike, Diane M. Schneider
1989, Report, Biological Report
There are four major components of a stream system that determine the productivity of the fishery (Karr and Dudley 1978). These are: (1) flow regime, (2) physical habitat structure (channel form, substrate distribution, and riparian vegetation), (3) water quality (including temperature), and (4) energy inputs from the watershed (sediments,...
Selenate reduction to elemental selenium by anaerobic bacteria in sediments and culture: Biogeochemical significance of a novel, sulfate-independent respiration
Ronald S. Oremland, James T. Hollibaugh, Ann S. Maest, Theresa S. Presser, Laurence G. Miller, Charles W. Culbertson
1989, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (55) 2333-2343
Interstitial water profiles of SeO42−, SeO32−, SO42−, and Cl− in anoxic sediments indicated removal of the seleno-oxyanions by a near-surface process unrelated to sulfate reduction. In sediment slurry experiments, a complete reductive removal of SeO42− occurred under anaerobic conditions, was more rapid with H2 or acetate, and was inhibited by O2, NO3−, MnO2,...
Distribution and migration of adult striped bass in Lake Whitney, Texas
B.W. Farquhar, S. Gutreuter
1989, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (118) 523-532
Thirty adult (3.2–8.6 kg) striped bass Morone saxatilis were tagged with ultrasonic transmitters and tracked for up to 475 d in 9,510‐hectare Lake Whitney, a Texas reservoir, to determine seasonal distribution, migration patterns, and water temperatures occupied. Striped bass distribution in summer was limited to an area near the dam, where they...
Accumulation and diagenesis of chlorinated hydrocarbons in lacustrine sediments
Steven J. Eisenreich, Paul D. Capel, John A. Robbins, R. Bourbonniere
1989, Environmental Science and Technology (23) 1116-1126
Two sediment cores were taken from the Rochester Basin of eastern Lake Ontario and analyzed for the radionuclides 210Pb and 137Cs and several high molecular weight chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHs). The two sites are geographically proximate but differ in sedimentation rate, permitting sedimentation-dependent processes to be factored out. The 210Pb chronology...
Vegetation alteration along trails in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia
Christine N. Hall, Fred R. Kuss
1989, Biological Conservation (48) 211-227
Most studies in the USA of vegetation alteration and human impact along trails have been located in large western wilderness areas. The objective of this study was to determine vegetation changes occurring along trails in an eastern ecosystem supporting second-growth deciduous forest. The location of this study was Shenandoah National...
Effects of water temperature on the mortality of field-collected fish marked with fluorescent pigment
L. E. Holland Bartels, M. R. Dewey, S. J. Zigler
1989, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (9) 341-344
The cumulative effects of collection, handling, and marking with fluorescent pigment on the mortality of adult minnows, young-of-the-year centrarchids, and large centrarchids and percids was determined at five water temperatures (10-20.6 degree C) in field trials. There have been few field trials of this type. The mortality...
Downstream migration of recently metamorphosed sea lampreys in the Ocqueoc River, Michigan, before and after treatment with lampricides
Lee H. Hanson, William D. Swink
1989, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (9) 327-331
The objectives of this study were to determine the effectiveness ofchemical treatments of the Ocqueoc River, Michigan, in reducing the number of recently metamorphosed sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus migrating to Lake Huron and to estimate total numbers of migrants produced before and after treatment. Sea lampreys were captured during their downstream migration...
Aquatic weed control by grass carp in cool water
Joan S. Thullen
1989, Book, Proceedings of the National Water Conference
No abstract available....
Factors affecting water-supply potential of the Twin Cities metropolitan area aquifer system
M.E. Schoenberg
1989, Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science (55) 38-47
No abstract available....
Solute advection in stratified formations
V.D. Cvetkovic, Allen M. Shapiro
1989, Water Resources Research (25) 1283-1289
Advection‐dominated solute movement in stratified formations is investigated using a Lagrangian interpretation of particle motion. A probability density function (pdf) for particle position quantifies the expected depth‐integrated resident concentration. A pdf for particle arrival time quantifies the expected depth‐integrated rate of mass arrival, from which the flux‐averaged concentration can be...
Acid precipitation studies in Colorado and Wyoming: interim report of surveys of montane amphibians and water chemistry
Paul Stephen Corn, William Stolzenburg, R. Bruce Bury
1989, Report
Acid deposition may be detrimental or stressful to native populations of wildlife. Because many species of amphibians breed in shallow ponds created by spring rains or melting snow, they may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of acidification. From 1986 to 1988, we surveyed 105 locations in the...
Stream temperature investigations: field and analytic methods
J.M. Bartholow
1989, Report
This document provides guidance to the user of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Stream Network Temperature Model (SNTEMP). Planning a temperature study is discussed in terms of understanding the management objectives and ensuring that the questions will be accurately answered with the modeling approach being used. A sensitivity analysis of...
Screening of ground water samples for volatile organic compounds using a portable gas chromatograph
Robert C. Buchmiller
1989, Ground Water Monitoring Review (9) 126-130
A portable gas chromatograph was used to screen 32 ground water samples for volatile organic compounds. Seven screened samples were positive; four of the seven samples had volatile organic substances identified by second-column confirmation. Four of the seven positive, screened samples also tested positive in laboratory analyses of duplicate samples....