Overview of selected surrogate technologies for high-temporal resolution suspended-sediment monitoring
John R. Gray, Jeffrey W. Gartner
2010, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2010: Hydrology and Sedimentation for a Changing Future: Existing and Emerging Issues: Las Vegas, NV, June 27-July 1, 2010
Traditional methods for characterizing selected properties of suspended sediments in rivers are being augmented and in some cases replaced by cost-effective surrogate instruments and methods that produce a temporally dense time series of quantifiably accurate data for use primarily in sediment-flux computations. Turbidity is the most common such surrogate...
Fluvial sediment in the environment: a national challenge
Matthew C. Larsen, Allen C. Gellis, G. Douglas Glysson, John R. Gray, Arthur J. Horowitz
2010, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2010: Hydrology and Sedimentation for a Changing Future: Existing and Emerging Issues
Sediment and sediment-associated constituents can contribute substantially to water-quality impairment. In the past, sediment was viewed mainly as an engineering problem that affected reservoir storage capacity, shipping channel maintenance, and bridge scour, as well as the loss of agricultural soil. Sediment is now recognized as a major cause of aquatic...
Development of a national, dynamic reservoir-sedimentation database
J. R. Gray, J.M. Bernard, D. W. Stewart, E.J. McFaul, K.W. Laurent, G. E. Schwarz, J.T. Stinson, M.M. Jonas, T. J. Randle, J.W. Webb
2010, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2010: Hydrology and Sedimentation for a Changing Future: Existing and Emerging Issues: Las Vegas, NV, June 27-July 1, 2010
The importance of dependable, long-term water supplies, coupled with the need to quantify rates of capacity loss of the Nation’s re servoirs due to sediment deposition, were the most compelling reasons for developing the REServoir- SEDimentation survey information (RESSED) database and website. Created under the auspices of the Advisory Committee...
Computing time-series suspended-sediment concentrations and loads from in-stream turbidity-sensor and streamflow data
Patrick P. Rasmussen, John R. Gray, G. Doug Glysson, Andrew C. Ziegler
2010, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference 2010: Hydrology and Sedimentation for a Changing Future: Existing and Emerging Issues: Las Vegas, NV, June 27-July 1, 2010
Over the last decade, use of a method for computing suspended-sediment concentration and loads using turbidity sensors—primarily nephelometry, but also optical backscatter—has proliferated. Because an in- itu turbidity sensor is capa le of measuring turbidity instantaneously, a turbidity time series can be recorded and related directly to time-varying suspended-sediment concentrations....
HIMALA: climate impacts on glaciers, snow, and hydrology in the Himalayan region
Molly Elizabeth Brown, Hua Ouyang, Shahid Habib, Basanta Shrestha, Mandira Shrestha, Prajjwal Panday, Maria Tzortziou, Frederick Policelli, Guleid A. Artan, Amarnath Giriraj, Sagar R. Bajracharya, Adina Racoviteanu
2010, Mountain Research and Development (30) 401-404
Glaciers are the largest reservoir of freshwater on Earth, supporting one third of the world's population. The Himalaya possess one of the largest resources of snow and ice, which act as a freshwater reservoir for more than 1.3 billion people. This article describes a new project called HIMALA, which focuses...
Testing mixing models of old and young groundwater in a tropical lowland rain forest with environmental tracers
D. Kip Solomon, David P. Genereux, Niel Plummer, Eurybiades Busenberg
2010, Water Resources Research (46)
We tested three models of mixing between old interbasin groundwater flow (IGF) and young, locally derived groundwater in a lowland rain forest in Costa Rica using a large suite of environmental tracers. We focus on the young fraction of water using the transient tracers CFC‐11, CFC‐12, CFC‐113, SF6, 3H, and bomb 14C....
Influence of hummocks and emergent vegetation on hydraulic performance in a surface flow wastewater treatment wetland
Steffanie H. Keefe, Joan S. Daniels, Robert L. Runkel, Roland D. Wass, Eric A. Stiles, Larry B. Barber
2010, Water Resources Research (46)
A series of tracer experiments were conducted biannually at the start and end of the vegetation growing season in a surface flow wastewater treatment wetland located near Phoenix, AZ. Tracer experiments were conducted prior to and following reconfiguration and replanting of a 1.2 ha treatment wetland from its original design...
Chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn in stormwater, roadway dust and stormwater pond sediments
Kimberly M. Camponelli, Steven M. Lev, Joel W. Snodgrass, Edward R. Landa, Ryan E. Casey
2010, Environmental Pollution (158) 2143-2149
This study evaluated the chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn from source to deposition in a stormwater system. Cu and Zn concentrations and chemical fractionation were determined for roadway dust, roadway runoff and pond sediments. Stormwater Cu and Zn concentrations were used to generate cumulative frequency distributions to characterize potential...
Inference of lithologic distributions in an alluvial aquifer using airborne transient electromagnetic surveys
Jesse E. Dickinson, D. R. Pool, R.W. Groom, L.J. Davis
2010, Geophysics (75) WA149-WA161
An airborne transient electromagnetic (TEM) survey was completed in the Upper San Pedro Basin in southeastern Arizona to map resistivity distributions within the alluvial aquifer. This investigation evaluated the utility of 1D vertical resistivity models of the TEM data to infer lithologic distributions in an alluvial aquifer. Comparisons of the...
Current challenges using models to forecast seawater intrusion: lessons from the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA
Ward E. Sanford, Jason P. Pope
2010, Hydrogeology Journal (18) 73-93
A three-dimensional model of the aquifer system of the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA was calibrated to reproduce historical water levels and forecast the potential for saltwater intrusion. Future scenarios were simulated with two pumping schemes to predict potential areas of saltwater intrusion. Simulations suggest that only a few wells...
Isotopic composition and origin of indigenous natural perchlorate and co-occurring nitrate in the southwestern United States
W. Andrew Jackson, J.K. Bohlke, Baohua Gu, Paul B. Hatzinger, Neil C. Sturchio
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 4869-4876
Perchlorate (ClO4−) has been detected widely in groundwater and soils of the southwestern United States. Much of this ClO4− appears to be natural, and it may have accumulated largely through wet and dry atmospheric deposition. This study evaluates the isotopic composition of natural ClO4− indigenous to the southwestern U.S. Stable...
Groundwater hydrology--coastal flow
Ward E. Sanford
2010, Nature Geoscience (3) 671-672
How groundwater flow varies when long-term external conditions change is little documented. Geochemical evidence shows that sea-level rise at the end of the last glacial period led to a shift in the flow patterns of coastal groundwater beneath Florida....
Mechanisms for chemostatic behavior in catchments: implications for CO2 consumption by mineral weathering
David W. Clow, M. Alisa Mast
2010, Chemical Geology (269) 40-51
Concentrations of weathering products in streams often show relatively little variation compared to changes in discharge, both at event and annual scales. In this study, several hypothesized mechanisms for this “chemostatic behavior” were evaluated, and the potential for those mechanisms to influence relations between climate, weathering fluxes, and CO2 consumption...
Phytoestrogens and mycotoxins in Iowa streams: An examination of underinvestigated compounds in agricultural basins
Dana W. Kolpin, Corinne C. Hoerger, Michael T. Meyer, Felix E. Wettstein, Laura E. Hubbard, Thomas D. Bucheli
2010, Journal of Environmental Quality (39) 2089-2099
This study provides the first broad-scale investigation on the spatial and temporal occurrence of phytoestrogens and mycotoxins in streams in the United States. Fifteen stream sites across Iowa were sampled five times throughout the 2008 growing season to capture a range of climatic and crop-growth conditions. Basin size upstream from...
Effects of hydrologic infrastructure on flow regimes of California's Central Valley rivers: Implications for fish populations
Larry R. Brown, Marissa L. Bauer
2010, River Research and Applications (26) 751-765
Alteration of natural flow regimes is generally acknowledged to have negative effects on native biota; however, methods for defining ecologically appropriate flow regimes in managed river systems are only beginning to be developed. Understanding how past and present water management has affected rivers is an important part of developing such...
A comparison of litter production in young and old baldcypress (Taxodium distichum L.) stands at Caddo Lake, Texas
John W. McCoy, Rassa O. Draugelis-Dale, Bobby D. Keeland, Roy Darville
2010, Texas Journal of Science (62) 25-40
Aboveground primary productivity for cypress forests was assessed from measurements of litter production in two age groups and in two hydrological regimes (standing water and free-flowing). Caddo Lake, located in northeast Texas on the Texas-Louisiana border, offered a unique study site since it is dominated by extensive stands composed entirely...
Surficial geologic map of the Amboy 30' x 60' quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California
David R. Bedford, David M. Miller, Geoffrey A. Phelps
2010, Scientific Investigations Map 3109
The surficial geologic map of the Amboy 30' x 60' quadrangle presents characteristics of surficial materials for an area of approximately 5,000 km2 in the eastern Mojave Desert of southern California. This map consists of new surficial mapping conducted between 2000 and 2007, as well as compilations from previous surficial...
Tapping environmental history to recreate America's colonial hydrology
Christopher L. Pastore, Mark B. Green, Daniel J. Bain, Andrea Munoz-Hernandez, Charles J. Vorosmarty, Jennifer Arrigo, Sara Brandt, Jonathan M. Duncan, Francesca Greco, Hyojin Kim, Sanjiv Kumar, Michael Lally, Anthony J. Parolari, Brian A. Pellerin, Nira Salant, Adam Schlosser, Kate Zalzal
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 8798-8803
Throughout American history water resources have played integral roles in shaping patterns of human settlement and networks of biological and economic exchange. In turn, humans have altered hydrologic systems to meet their needs. A paucity of climate and water discharge data for the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, however, has left...
Vegetation index methods for estimating evapotranspiration by remote sensing
Edward P. Glenn, Pamela L. Nagler, Alfredo R. Huete
2010, Surveys in Geophysics (31) 531-555
Evapotranspiration (ET) is the largest term after precipitation in terrestrial water budgets. Accurate estimates of ET are needed for numerous agricultural and natural resource management tasks and to project changes in hydrological cycles due to potential climate change. We explore recent methods that combine vegetation indices (VI) from satellites with...
Use and environmental occurrence of pharmaceuticals in freestall dairy farms with manured forage fields
Naoko Watanabe, Brian A. Bergamaschi, Keith A. Loftin, Michael T. Meyer, Thomas Harter
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 6591-6600
Environmental releases of antibiotics from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) are of increasing regulatory concern. This study investigates the use and occurrence of antibiotics in dairy CAFOs and their potential transport into first-encountered groundwater. On two dairies we conducted four seasonal sampling campaigns, each across 13 animal production and waste...
The role of discharge variation in scaling of drainage area and food chain length in rivers
John L. Sabo, Jacques C. Finlay, Theodore A. Kennedy, David M. Post
2010, Science (330) 965-967
Food chain length (FCL) is a fundamental component of food web structure. Studies in a variety of ecosystems suggest that FCL is determined by energy supply, environmental stability, and/or ecosystem size, but the nature of the relationship between environmental stability and FCL, and the mechanism linking ecosystem size to FCL,...
Measurement of dissolved organic matter fluorescense in aquatic environments: An interlaboratory comparison
Kathleen R. Murphy, Kenna D. Butler, Robert G. M. Spencer, Colin A. Stedmon, Jennifer R. Boehme, George R. Aiken
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 9405-9412
The fluorescent properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) are often studied in order to infer DOM characteristics in aquatic environments, including source, quantity, composition, and behavior. While a potentially powerful technique, a single widely implemented standard method for correcting and presenting fluorescence measurements is lacking, leading to difficulties when comparing...
The importance of the riparian zone and in-stream processes in nitrate attenuation in undisturbed and agricultural watersheds – a review of the scientific literature
Anthony J. Ranalli, Donald L. Macalady
2010, Journal of Hydrology (389) 406-415
We reviewed published studies from primarily glaciated regions in the United States, Canada, and Europe of the (1) transport of nitrate from terrestrial ecosystems to aquatic ecosystems, (2) attenuation of nitrate in the riparian zone of undisturbed and agricultural watersheds, (3) processes contributing to nitrate attenuation in riparian zones, (4)...
Geomorphic Framework to assess changes to aquatic habitat due to flow regulation and channel and floodplain alteration, Cedar River, Washington
Andrew S. Gendaszek, Christopher S. Magirl, Christiana R. Czuba, Christopher P. Konrad, Rand Little
2010, Report
Flow regulation, bank armoring, and floodplain alteration since the early 20th century have contributed to significant changes in the hydrologic regime and geomorphic processes of the Cedar River in Washington State. The Cedar River originates in the Cascade Range, provides drinking water to the Seattle metropolitan area, and supports several...
Use of regression‐based models to map sensitivity of aquatic resources to atmospheric deposition in Yosemite National Park, USA
David W. Clow, Leora Nanus, Brian Huggett
2010, Water Resources Research (46)
An abundance of exposed bedrock, sparse soil and vegetation, and fast hydrologic flushing rates make aquatic ecosystems in Yosemite National Park susceptible to nutrient enrichment and episodic acidification due to atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S). In this study, multiple linear regression (MLR) models were created to estimate...
