X-ray crystallographic and tungsten-183 nuclear magnetic resonance structural studies of the [M4(H2O)2(XW9O34) 2]10- heteropolyanions (M = COII or Zn, X = P or As)
H. T. Evans, C.M. Tourne, G.F. Tourne, T.J.R. Weakley
1986, Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions 2699-2705
The crystal structures of K10[Co4(H2O)2(PW9O 34)2]??22H2O (1) and isomorphous K10[Zn4(H2O)2(AsW9O 34)2]??23H2O (2) have been determined {Mo-K?? radiation, space group P21/n, Z = 2; (1) a = 15.794(2), b = 21.360(2), c = 12.312(1) A??, ?? = 91.96??, R = 0.084 for 3 242 observed reflections [I ??? 3??(I)]; (2) a...
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE SURFACE WATER COMPONENT OF THE NATIONAL WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT (NAWQA) PROGRAM.
Robert M. Hirsch
1986, Conference Paper, Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)
The US Geological Survey started, in a pilot phase, a program to provide nationally consistent information on the status and trends in the quality of the nation's fresh water. The program also intends to identify and describe the relationships between both the status and trends in water quality as they...
EFFECTS OF DRAIN ENVELOPE AND SLOPE ON PERFORMANCE OF A DRAINAGE-SUBIRRIGATION SYSTEM.
Marjorie S. Davenport, R.W. Skaggs
1986, Conference Paper, Paper - American Society of Agricultural Engineers
A field study was conducted to determine the effect of fabric wrap envelope and drain slope on the performance of a combination drainage and subirrigation system. Data were analyzed by examining relationships between flow rate and midpoint water table elevations. An entry resistance was defined and its value for each...
Effect of discharge on the chlorophyll a distribution in the tidally-influenced Potomac River
J. P. Bennett, J.W. Woodward, D.J. Shultz
1986, Estuaries (9) 250-260
In the tidal Potomac River, high river discharges during the spring are associated with high chlorophylla concentrations in the following in the following summer, assuming that summertime light and temperature conditions are favorable. Spring floods deliver large loads of particulate N and P to the tidal river. This particulate N and...
Vanadium chlorite from a sandstone-hosted vanadium-uranium deposit, Henry basin, Utah
Gene Whitney, H. R. Northrop
1986, Clays and Clay Minerals (34) 488-495
An unusual vanadium chlorite precipitated during the formation of a vanadium-uranium ore deposit in the Henry Basin, southeastern Utah. The ore deposit formed by reduction and precipitation of U and V in the presence of organic matter at the interface between a stagnant brine and overlying, circulating meteoric water. Some...
Water solubility enhancement of some organic pollutants and pesticides by dissolved humic and fulvic acids
Cary T. Chiou, Ronald L. Malcolm, Terry I. Brinton, Daniel E. Kile
1986, Environmental Science & Technology (20) 502-508
No abstract available....
The Valley and Ridge Province of eastern Pennsylvania - Stratigraphic and sedimentologic contributions and problems
Jack B. Epstein
1986, Geological Journal (21) 283-306
Many contributions that have led to a better understanding of Appalachian geology have resulted directly from work in the folded Appalachian Mountain and Great Valley sections of the Valley and Ridge physiographic province of eastern Pennsylvania. Disagreements have been common since H.D. Rogers first described the geology of the area...
Design and cost analysis of rapid aquifer restoration systems using flow simulation and quadratic programming
L.J. Lefkoff, S.M. Gorelick
1986, Groundwater (24) 777-790
Detailed two-dimensional flow simulation of a complex ground-water system is combined with quadratic and linear programming to evaluate design alternatives for rapid aquifer restoration. The design model ensures that a contaminant plume is removed and treated within four years at the least possible cost. Rapid restoration is accomplished by maintaining...
Field observations of bed shear stress and sediment resuspension on continental shelves, Alaska and California
D.E. Drake, D.A. Cacchione
1986, Continental Shelf Research (6) 415-429
Bed shear stress was estimated using wave and current measurements obtained with the GEOPROBE bottom-tripod system during resuspension events in Norton Sound, Alaska, and on the northern California shelf. The boundary-layer model of Grant and Madsen (1979, Journal of Geophysical Research, 84, 1797-1808) was used to compute the bed shear...
Ground-water recharge and its effects on nitrate concentration beneath a manured field site in Pennsylvania
J. M. Gerhart
1986, Groundwater (24) 483-489
Ground-water recharge to a shallow, unconfined, fractured dolomite aquifer underlying agricultural land in Lancaster County, Pennyslvania occurs by two mechanisms. Direct recharge occurs through pathways such as near-surface bedrock fractures and sinkholes, and affects dissolved nitrate concentration of ground water within two to three days; its effects last only about...
Transient electromagnetic sounding for groundwater
David V. Fitterman, Mark T. Stewart
1986, Geophysics (51) 995-1005
The feasibility of using the transient electromagnetic sounding (TS or TDEM) method for groundwater exploration can be studied by means of numerical models. As examples of its applicability to groundwater exploration, we study four groundwater exploration problems: (1) mapping of alluvial fill and gravel zones over bedrock; (2) mapping of...
Palynological evidence for the historic expansion of juniper and desert shrubs in Arizona, U.S.A.
O.K. Davis, R. M. Turner
1986, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology (49) 177-193
Analysis of the sediment of Pecks Lake, Yavapai County, Arizona, has permitted the first reported palynological evidence for the historic expansion of juniper and desert shrubs in the American Southwest. The palynological evidence is supported by the comparison of modern and historical photographs, which shows the regional expansion of pinyon-juniper...
BROAD SPECTRUM ANALYSIS FOR TRACE ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN LARGE VOLUMES OF WATER BY XAD RESINS-COLUMN DESIGN-FACTS AND MYTHS.
J. Gibs, A. Wicklund, I.H. Suffet
1986, Conference Paper, National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry
The 'rule of thumb' that large volumes of water can be sampled for trace organic pollutants by XAD resin columns which are designed by small column laboratory studies or pure compounds is examined and shown to be a problem. A theory of multicomponent breakthrough is presented as a frame of...
Processing techniques for digital sonar images from GLORIA.
P.S. Chavez Jr.
1986, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (52) 1133-1145
Image processing techniques have been developed to handle data from one of the newest members of the remote sensing family of digital imaging systems. This paper discusses software to process data collected by the GLORIA (Geological Long Range Inclined Asdic) sonar imaging system, designed and built by the Institute of...
Evidence for a stronger oxygen-minimum zone off central California during late Pleistocene to early Holocene
J.V. Gardner, E. Hemphill-Haley
1986, Geology (14) 691-694
Of 31 deep-sea cores collected along the central California continental slope, 18 have distinctly laminated sediment at depth, but none have laminations in the top few centimetres. The cores with laminated facies are restricted to water depths between 508 and 1508 m, but...
An experimental study of subaqueous slipface deposition
R. E. Hunter, G. Kocurek
1986, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (56) 387-394
A flume study indicates that grainflow on slipfaces accounts for most cross-strata formed in unidirectional, shallow-water flows. The slipfaces studied were on small megaripples and delta-like steps (0.06-0.28 m high). During intermittent avalanching, at relatively low flow velocities, periods between avalanches were marked...
Eureka Quartzite in Mexico? - Tectonic implications
K. B. Ketner
1986, Geology (14) 1027-1030
At Cerro Cobachi, 90 km east of Hermosillo, Sonora, an Ordovician to Permian miogeoclinal assemblage and an Ordovician to Permian siliceous deep-water assemblage were juxtaposed by thrust faulting between mid-Permian and latest Cretaceous time. Both assemblages resemble counterparts in the Great Basin. One...
**1**5N-NMR INVESTIGATION OF HYDROXYLAMINE DERIVATIZED HUMIC SUBSTANCES.
Kevin A. Thorn, Jeffrey B. Arterburn, Michael A. Mikita
1986, Conference Paper, National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry
Humic substances are the most abundant naturally occurring refactory organic compounds in soils and water. They have a broad range of physical, chemical and physiological properties. In soils, humic substances contribute to the cation exchange capacity, help maintain the physical structure, and play a role in plant growth and nutrition....
Physical and chemical characteristics of water in coal-mine ponds of eastern Oklahoma.
S. P. Blumer, L. J. Slack
1986, Oklahoma Geology Notes (46) 128-134
Coal-mine ponds cover 4000 acres and have a storage capacity of about 100 000 acre-feet. They are important wild-life habitats and contribute locally to agricultural and municipal water supply. The physical and chemical properties of the water are very variable. By and large, the pond waters showed a lack of...
Upper Pleistocene and Holocene lakes in the An Nafud, Saudi Arabia
E. Schulz, J.W. Whitney
1986, Hydrobiologia (143) 175-190
Two major lake periods were discovered in the sand sea of An Nafud and the surrounding areas. In Upper Pleistocene large lakes occurred around the dune area and in the interior of the sand sea. Their deposits were formed between 34 000 and 24 000 BP. The lakes were not...
Coincidence and spatial variability of geology, soils, and vegetation, Mill Run watershed, Virginia
C.G. Olson, C.R. Hupp
1986, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (11) 619-629
The Mill Run watershed is a structurally‐controlled synclinal basin on the eastern limb of the Massanutten Mountain complex of northwestern Virginia. Bedrock contacts are obscured by coarse sandstone debris from exposures near basin divides. Colluvium blankets more than half the basin, masking geomorphic surfaces, affecting vegetation...
Paleontology and deposition of the Phosphoria Formation.
B. R. Wardlaw, J.W. Collinson
1986, Contributions to Geology - University of Wyoming, Laramie (24) 107-142
The Phosphoria Formation and related rocks were deposited in an interior sag basin developed in the Cordilleran miogeocline of western North America. Deposition can be characterized as a fringing bank complex on a carbonate ramp. Conodont-brachiopod biostratigraphy provides a sufficient relative time framework for correlation of the many units. These...
Recovering fresh water stored in saline limestone aquifers
M. L. Merritt
1986, Ground Water (24) 516-529
Numerical modeling techniques are used to examine the hydrogeologic, design, and management factors governing the recovery efficiency of subsurface fresh-water storage. The modeling approach permitted many combinations of conditions to be studied. A sensitivity analysis was used that consisted of varying certain parameters while keeping constant as many other parameters...
Suspended sediment transport in an estuarine tidal channel within San Francisco Bay, California
R.W. Sternberg, D.A. Cacchione, D.E. Drake, K. Kranck
1986, Marine Geology (71) 237-258
A recently developed instrumentation system has been used to monitor simultaneously flow conditions and suspended sediment distribution in the bottom boundary layer of a tidal channel within San Francisco Bay, California. Measurements were made every 15 min over six successive flood and ebb tidal cycles. They included mean velocity profiles...
Fumarole emissions at Mount St. Helens volcano, June 1980 to October 1981: Degassing of a magma-hydrothermal system
T.M. Gerlach, T. J. Casadevall
1986, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (28) 141-160
This study is an investigation of the chemical changes in the Mount St. Helens fumarole gases up to October 1981, the sources of the fumarole gases, and the stability of gas species in the shallow magma system. These problems are investigated by calculations of element compositions, thermodynamic equilibria, and magmatic...
