Persistence of an introduced mud flat community in south San Francisco Bay, California
Frederic H. Nichols, Janet K. Thompson
1985, Marine Ecology Progress Series (24) 83-97
The benthic invertebrate community inhabiting the extensive and sedimentologically homogeneous mudflats of South San Francisco Bay has demonstrated a high degree of constancy in both species composition and relative abundance among species throughout 10 yr of observation. The community, composed predominantly of introduced species with opportunistic lifestyles, is dominated numerically...
Compilation of hydrologic data for the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio area, Texas, 1982, with 1934-82 summary
R.D. Reeves, G. B. Ozuna
1985, Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 42
No abstract available....
Complex resistivity of fault gouge and its significance for earthquake lights and induced polarization
David A. Lockner, James D. Byerlee
1985, Geophysical Research Letters (12) 211-214
We have measured complex resistivity of 2 water-saturated San Andreas fault gouges from 10−3 to 106 Hz and confining pressures of 0.2 to 200 MPa. Consistent with earlier observations of clays and common rocks, large low-frequency permittivities were observed in all cases. Comparisons were made to induced polarization...
MONITORING THE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM IN LONG VALLEY CALDERA, CALIFORNIA.
Christopher D. Farrar, Michael L. Sorey
1985, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
An ongoing program to monitor the hydrothermal system in Long Valley for changes caused by volcanic or tectonic processes has produced considerable data on the water chemistry and discharge of springs and fluid temperatures and pressures in wells. Changes in hot spring chemistry that have been recorded probably relate to...
Algorithm to reduce approximation error from the complex-variable boundary-element method applied to soil freezing.
T. V. Hromadka II, G. L. Guymon
1985, Numerical heat transfer (8) 115-130
An algorithm is presented for the numerical solution of the Laplace equation boundary-value problem, which is assumed to apply to soil freezing or thawing. The Laplace equation is numerically approximated by the complex-variable boundary-element method. The algorithm aids in reducing integrated relative error by providing a true measure of modeling...
Organochlorine concentrations in prefledging common terns Sterna hirundo at three Rhode Island USA colonies
T. W. Custer, C.M. Bunck, C.L. Stafford
1985, Colonial Waterbirds (8) 150-154
Concentrations of DDE, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDPEs) in carcasses of prefledging Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) at three Rhode Island colonies support the hypothesis that local contamination is responsible for among-colony differences observed in eggs in an earlier study. The highest concentrations of DDE and PCBs (mean=0.24...
Effects of contaminants on toxicity of the lampricides TFM and Bayer 73 to three species of fish
L. L. Marking, T.D. Bills
1985, Journal of Great Lakes Research (11) 171-178
Waters in the Great Lakes basin contain more than 400 contaminant chemicals that potentially affect fishery resources, commerce, and human inhabitants. We determined in the laboratory the effects of selected contaminants on the toxicity of the widely used lampricides TFM (3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol)...
Maryland striped bass: Recruitment declining below replacement
C.P. Goodyear, J.E. Cohen, S.W. Christensen
1985, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (114) 146-151
A mathematical technique was developed to examine interrelationships among first‐year survival rates, adult fecundity, and adult survival of striped bass Morone saxatilis based on indices of year‐class strength. Application of this technique to striped bass in Maryland waters of the Chesapeake Bay provided evidence for reduced survival in the life...
Migration of wood-preserving chemicals in contaminated groundwater in a sand aquifer at Pensacola, Florida
D.F. Goerlitz, D.E. Troutman, E.M. Godsy, B.J. Franks
1985, Environmental Science & Technology (19) 955-961
Operation of a wood-preserving facility for nearly 80 years at Pensacola, FL, contaminated the near-surface groundwater with creosote and pentachlorophenol. The major source of aquifer contamination was unlined surface impoundments that were in direct hydraulic contact with the groundwater. Episodes of overtopping the impoundments and overland flow of treatment liquor...
Germanium geochemistry and mineralogy
L.R. Bernstein
1985, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (49) 2409-2422
Germanium is enriched in the following geologic environments:1.(1) iron meteorites and terrestrial iron-nickel;2.(2) sulfide ore deposits, particularly those hosted by sedimentary rocks;3.(3) iron oxide deposits;4.(4) oxidized zones of Ge-bearing sulfide deposits;5.(5) pegmatites, greisens, and skarns; and6.(6) coal...
Comparison of marine gas hydrates in sediments of an active and passive continental margin
K.A. Kvenvolden
1985, Marine and Petroleum Geology (2) 65-71
Two sites of the Deep Sea Drilling Project in contrasting geologic settings provide a basis for comparison of the geochemical conditions associated with marine gas hydrates in continental margin sediments. Site 533 is located at 3191 m water depth on a spit-like extension of the continental rise on a passive...
COMPARISON OF RECORDING CURRENT METERS USED FOR MEASURING VELOCITIES IN SHALLOW WATERS OF SAN FRANCISCO BAY, CALIFORNIA.
Jeffrey W. Gartner, Richard N. Oltmann
1985, Conference Paper, Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)
The authors determine the feasibility of collecting reliable current-meter data in shallow water under natural conditions. The study involved field testing four types of recording current meters (different speed sensors) and comparing data recorded by the meters under different field conditions. Speeds recorded by the current meters at slack water...
Thickness of ice on perennially frozen lakes
C.P. McKay, G.D. Clow, R.A. Wharton Jr., S. W. Squyres
1985, Nature (313) 561-562
The dry valleys of southern Victoria Land, constituting the largest ice-free expanse in the Antarctic, contain numerous lakes whose perennial ice cover is the cause of some unique physical and biological properties 1-3. Although the depth, temperature and salinity of the liquid water varies considerably from lake to lake, the...
NATIONAL WATER INFORMATION SYSTEM OF THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
Melvin D. Edwards
1985, Conference Paper
National Water Information System (NWIS) has been designed as an interactive, distributed data system. It will integrate the existing, diverse data-processing systems into a common system. It will also provide easier, more flexible use as well as more convenient access and expanded computing, dissemination, and data-analysis capabilities. The NWIS is...
Modeling the rate-controlled sorption of hexavalent chromium
D.B. Grove, Kenneth G. Stollenwerk
1985, Water Resources Research (21) 1703-1709
Sorption of chromium VI on the iron-oxide- and hydroxide-coated surface of alluvial material was numerically simulated with rate-controlled reactions. Reaction kinetics and diffusional processes, in the form of film, pore, and particle diffusion, were simulated and compared with experimental results. The use of empirically calculated rate coefficients for diffusion through...
Sorting of bed load sediment by flow in meander bends
Gary Parker, E.D. Andrews
1985, Water Resources Research (21) 1361-1373
Equilibrium sorting of coarse mobile bed load sediment in meander bends is considered. A theory of two-dimensional bed load transport of graded material, including the effects of gravity on lateral slopes and secondary currents, is developed. This theory is coupled with a simple treatment of flow in bends, an analytically...
The impact of wave loads and pore-water pressure generation on initiation of sediment transport
E.C. Clukey, F.H. Kulhawy, P.L.-F. Liu, G. B. Tate
1985, Geo-Marine Letters (5) 177-183
The build-up of pore-water pressure by waves can lead to sediment liquefaction and subsequent transport by traction currents. This process was investigated by measuring pore-water pressures both in a field experiment and laboratory wave tank tests. Liquefaction was observed in the wave tank tests. The results suggest that sand is...
Geochemistry of great Salt Lake, Utah II: Pleistocene-Holocene evolution
R. J. Spencer, H.P. Eugster, B.F. Jones
1985, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (49) 739-747
Sedimentologic and biostratigraphic evidence is used to develop a geochemical model for Great Salt Lake, Utah, extending back some 30,000 yrs. B.P. Hydrologie conditions as defined by the water budget equation are characterized by a lake initially at a low, saline stage, rising by about 17,000 yrs. B.P. to fresh...
Evolution and present state of the hydrothermal system in Long Valley caldera
M.L. Sorey
1985, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (90) 11219-11228
Evidence for previous periods of hydrothermal activity in Long Valley caldera exists in the form of extensive deposits of hydrothermal alteration products at several locations within the caldera and saline deposits in Searles Lake which contain mineral assemblages contributed by hot spring discharge from Long Valley. Hydrothermal activity was more...
Role of small oil and gas fields in the United States
Richard F. Meyer, Mary L. Fleming
1985, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (69) 1950-1962
With the maturation of oil and gas production operations in a province or country, fields found by new-field wildcats diminish in size. The actual economic size cutoff is a function of such factors as depth, water depth offshore, and accessibility to transportation infrastructure. Because of the constraint of resource availability,...
A uniform technique for flood frequency analysis.
W.O. Thomas Jr.
1985, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management (111) 321-337
This uniform technique consisted of fitting the logarithms of annual peak discharges to a Pearson Type III distribution using the method of moments. The objective was to adopt a consistent approach for the estimation of floodflow frequencies that could be used in computing average annual flood losses for project evaluation....
Vertical transmission of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka): Isolation of virus from dead eggs and fry
D. Mulcahy, R.J. Pascho
1985, Journal of Fish Diseases (8) 393-396
The control of epizootics of infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus in salmonid fishes is presently based on examination and certification of adult brood fish to prevent the introduction of virus-infected eggs into hatcheries (Canadian Fisheries and Marine Service 1976; McDaniel 1979). This strategy is based on the assumption that the...
Reduction of hexavalent chromium in water samples acidified for preservation
Kenneth G. Stollenwerk, D.B. Grove
1985, Journal of Environmental Quality (14) 396-399
Reduction of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), in water samples, preserved by standard techniques, was investigated. The standard preservation technique for water samples that are to be analyzed for Cr(VI) consists of filtration through a 0.45‐µm membrane, acidification to a pH < 2, and storage in plastic bottles. Batch...
Justification for a reduction in the crest-stage gage program in Louisiana
Richard A. Herbert, Darrell D. Carlson, Gregg J. Wiche
1985, Water Resources Bulletin (21) 953-965
The crest-stage gage program in Louisiana was evaluated to determine if the data were adequate for use in developing regional flood-frequency equations and to determine if any crest-stage gage stations could be discontinued. An abundance of data at many crest-stage gage stations and a lack of data for urban areas...
Comparison of methods for estimating ground-water pumpage for irrigation
Steven A. Frenzel
1985, Groundwater (23) 220-226
Ground-water pumpage for irrigation was measured at 32 sites on the eastern Snake River Plain in southern Idaho during 1983. Pumpage at these sites also was estimated by three commonly used methods, and pumpage estimates were compared to measured values to determine the accuracy...
