Biota and biological parameters as environmental indicators
P. E. Greeson, editor(s)
1981, Circular 848-B
This is the third of several compilations of briefing papers on water quality by the U.S. Geological Survey. Each briefing paper is prepared in a simple, nontechnical, easy-to-understand manner. This U.S. Geological Survey Circular contains papers on selected organic substances in water. Briefing papers are included on ' Why study...
Status of projects in Minnesota, fiscal year 1981
M.M. Diedrich, J. A. Jannis
1981, Report
No abstract available....
Hard mineral resources around the U.S continental margin
Frank T. Manheim, H.D. Hess
1981, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference
The territorial waters surrounding the United States contain vast quantities of hard mineral resources. Some, such as sand and gravel in the New York Bight, Beaufort Sea, portions of southern California, and submerged lands near Hawaii are relatively well known and characterized by local need and immediate mining potential with...
Water content in Palo Duro salt, Randall and Swisher County cores
R.L. Bassett, E. Roedder
1981, Report, Geology and geohydrology of the Palo Duro Basin, Texas Panhandle: A report on the progress of nuclear waste isolation feasibility studies
No abstract available...
Lower Eocene alluvial paleosols (Willwood Formation, Northwest Wyoming, U.S.A.) and their significance for paleoecology, paleoclimatology, and basin analysis
Thomas M. Bown, M. J. Kraus
1981, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (34) 1-30
The lower Eocene Willwood Formation of northwest Wyoming is a 700 m thick accumulation of alluvial floodplain and channel mudstones and sandstones, nearly all of which show paleopedogenic modifications. Pedogenesis of Willwood sandstones is indicated by taproot and vertebrate and invertebrate bioturbation, early local cementation by calcium carbonate, and thin...
Chrysophyte cysts as potential environmental indicators
David P. Adam, Albert D. Mahood
1981, Geological Society of America Bulletin (92) 839-844
Many Chrysophyte algae produce morphologically distinctive, siliceous, microscopic cysts during a resting stage of their life cycles; these cysts are often preserved in sediments. Scanning electron microscopy and Nomarski optics permit much more detailed observation of these cysts than was heretofore possible. We have used an ecologic and biogeographic approach...
Subdivision and regional stratigraphy of the pre-Punta Gorda rocks (lowermost cretaceous-jurassic?) in South Florida
A.V. Applegate, George O. Winston, James George Palacas
1981, Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions (31) 447-453
In recent years several wells have been drilled in the South Florida Basin through carbonate and evaporite sequences to depths as much as 5,300 ft below the Punta Gorda Anhydrite. The deepest well penetrated igneous basement rocks to a total depth of 18, 670 ft. Correlation of anhydrite beds below...
Late Quaternary environmental history of Lake Valencia, Venezuela
J. Platt Bradbury, B. Leyden, M.R. Baker, W.M. Lewis Jr., C. Schubert, M.W. Binford, D.R. Whitehead, F.H. Weibezahn
1981, Science (214) 1299-1305
Chemical, paleontological, and mineralogical analyses of a 7.5-meter core from the middle of Lake Valencia, Venezuela, have provided information on the paleoclimatic history of this low-elevation, low-latitude site for the last 13,000 years. The data show that dry climates existed in this region from 13,000 years before present (B.P.) until...
Temporal and spatial variations in suspended matter in continental shelf and slope waters off the north-eastern United States
Michael H. Bothner, Carol M. Parmenter, John D. Milliman
1981, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (13) 213-234
Seston in waters of Georges Bank originates primarily from biological production and from resuspension of bottom sediments. The concentrations of suspended matter observed on the central shoals are more influenced by storms than by seasonal changes. Winter storms produce highest concentrations of non-combustible material throughout the water column, and summer...
Linear island and seamount chains, aseismic ridges and intraplate volcanism: Results from DSDP
David A. Clague
1981, SEPM Special Publication (32) 7-22
The Deep Sea Drilling Project drilled a substantial number of sites that bear on the origin of linear island and seamount chains, aseismic ridges and other more regional expressions of intraplate volcanism. Drilling in the Emperor Seamounts during Leg 55 was particularly successful. Results from this leg include: 1)...
Organochlorine residues in fish: National Pesticide Monitoring Program, 1970-74
Christopher J. Schmitt, J. Larry Ludke, D. F. Walsh
1981, Pesticides Monitoring Journal (14) 136-206
As part of the National Pesticide Monitoring Program, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service analyzed organochlorine contaminant residues in fish samples collected from about 100 stations each year from 1970 to 1974. During this period, mean residues of DDT and its metabolites declined nationally but remained widespread, and high concentrations...
Progradational sequences in Miocene shoreline deposits, southeastern Caliente Range, California
H. Edward Clifton
1981, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (51) 165-184
An exceptionally well exposed marine-nonmarine transition in middle Miocene strata exists in the southeastern Caliente Range, California. About 50 individual progradational sequences form a succession that ranges in thickness from approximately 1000 m (where predominantly nonmarine) to more than 2500 m (where predominantly marine). Paleogreographic evidence in basalt flows near...
Modeling natural gas reservoirs: A simple model
Richard S. Collier, E.A. Monash
1981, Society of Petroleum Engineers journal (21) 521-526
A mathematical model is developed and tested for the production of natural gas with water encroachment and gas entrapment. The model is built on the material and volumetric balance relations, the Schilthuis water drive model, and a gas entrapment mechanism which assumes that the rate of gas entrapment is proportional...
Late Quaternary environmental history of Lake Valencia, Venezuela
J. Platt Bradbury, B. Leyden, M. Salgado-Labouriau, W.M. Lewis Jr., C. Schubert, M.W. Binford, D.G. Frey, D.R. Whitehead, F.H. Weibezahn
1981, Science (214) 1299-1305
Chemical, paleontological, and mineralogical analyses of a 7.5-meter core from the middle of Lake Valencia, Venezuela, have provided information on the paleoclimatic history of this low-elevation, low-latitude site for the last 13,000 years. The data show that dry climates existed in this region from 13,000 years before...
Effects of malathion, diazinon, and parathion on mallard embryo development and cholinesterase activity
David J. Hoffman, W. C. Eastin Jr.
1981, Environmental Research (26) 472-485
The effects of external exposure of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) eggs to malathion, diazinon, and parathion were examined using formulations and concentrations similar to field applications. Treatment with aqueous emulsion simulated exposure at the rate of 100 gal per acre (153 liters/hectare) with three to six different doses per compound with...
Miocene biochronology and paleoceanography of the North Pacific
Gerta Keller
1981, Marine Micropaleontology (6) 535-551
Biostratigraphic correlation based on microfossil datum levels, directly or indirectly tied to the paleomagnetic time scale, provides a high resolution time control for the Miocene in the equatorial and middle latitude North Pacific. Faunal changes and abundance fluctuations of planktic foraminiferal species combined with the oxygen Pacific. Faunal changes and...
Patterns of groundwater salinity changes in a deep continental-oceanic transect off the southeastern Atlantic coast of the U.S.A.
F.T. Manheim, C. K. Paull
1981, Journal of Hydrology (54) 95-105
Investigations of formation-fluid salinities in a transect from western Georgia to the edge of the Blake Plateau off the coast of Georgia show surprisingly similar hydrochemical features offshore and onshore. A fresh-brackish wedge of groundwater (<25 g/kg total dissolved solids) lies beneath the shelf to a depth of ∼ 900...
Role of numerical simulation in analysis of ground-water quality problems
Leonard F. Konikow
1981, Science of the Total Environment (21) 299-312
The increasing public awareness and concern about the hazards of toxic chemicals contaminating aquifers has created an increased need for predictive capabilities to analyze ground-water contamination problems. Several digital models to simulate the movement and concentration of ground-water contaminants have been documented recently. Most simulate the transport and dispersion of...
Subsurface injection of liquid waste in Florida, United States of America
John Vecchioli
1981, Science of Total Environment (21) 127-136
In 1979, liquid waste was injected into the subsurface of Florida by 10 injection systems at an aggregate average rate of 165,000 m3/d. All the systems inject into carbonate rocks that contain salty water. Extensive precautions are taken in the construction of the injection wells and in the monitoring of...
A comparative study of linear and nonlinear edge finding techniques for Landsat multispectral data
Robert Shaw, Lynda Sowers, Ellen Sanchez
1981, Pecora VII Symposium 529-542
Several numerical methods were computerize in order to evaluate edge finding techniques for accuracy, versatility and computer time and cost. The study was preformed primarily to select edge detection operators which will be used to do spatial correlation between images for image registration of Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) scenes....
The role of remotely sensed and other spatial data for predictive modeling: the Umatilla, Oregon example
Thomas R. Loveland, Gary E. Johnson
1981, Pecora VII Symposium 442-454
The U. S. Geological Survey's Earth Resources Observations Systems Data Center, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District, developed and tested techniques that used remotely sensed and other spatial data in predictive models to evaluate irrigation agriculture in the Umatilla River Basin of north-central Oregon....
The freshwater‐inflow‐to‐estuaries issue
Norman Gustaf Benson
1981, Fisheries (6) 8-10
Over 55% of the United States commercial fish and shellfish catch is dependent upon estuaries for spawning and nursery functions, but estuaries cannot function ecologically without an adequate supply, seasonal inflow, and quality of freshwater from inland rivers. Such inland river development projects as constructing reservoirs, leveeing rivers, dredging navigation...
Seawater consumption and water flux in the common dolphin Delphinus delphis
Clifford A. Hui
1981, Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology (54) 430-440
Two captive female common dolphins (59 kg and 55 kg) were given intravenous injections of tritiated water (HTO) and sodium-22 (Na-22) after the first day of a 5-day fast. Blood samples were collected each of the next 4 days. Total body water was 37% of total body weight, and the mean rate of <span...
Miocene benthic foraminiferal isotope records: A synthesis
S.M. Savin, R.G. Douglas, G. Keller, J.S. Killingley, L. Shaughnessy, M.A. Sommer, E. Vincent, F. Woodruff
1981, Marine Micropaleontology (6) 423-450
18O/160 and 13C/12C ratios of Miocene benthic foraminifera from a number of Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Ocean DSDP sites (71, 77B, 206, 208, 238, 279, 289, 296, 329, 357 and 366A) have been compiled. These provide a rather detailed history of Miocene deep water especially in the Pacific Ocean. Bottom-water...
Recent refinements in calibrating bed-load samplers
D. W. Hubbell, H.H. Stevens, J. V. Skinner, J.P. Beverage
1981, Conference Paper, Proceedings: Water Forum `81
No abstract available....
