Urban streams across the USA: Lessons learned from studies in 9 metropolitan areas
Larry R. Brown, Thomas F. Cuffney, James F. Coles, Faith A. Fitzpatrick, Gerard McMahon, Jeffrey Steuer, Amanda H. Bell, Jason T. May
2009, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (28) 1051-1069
Studies of the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems have usually focused on single metropolitan areas. Synthesis of the results of such studies have been useful in developing general conceptual models of the effects of urbanization, but the strength of such generalizations is enhanced by applying consistent study designs and...
Salinity tolerance and mycorrhizal responsiveness of native xeroriparian plants in semi-arid western USA
Vanessa B. Beauchamp, C. Walz, P.B. Shafroth
2009, Applied Soil Ecology (43) 175-184
Restoration of salt-affected soils is a global concern. In the western United States, restoration of salinized land, particularly in river valleys, often involves control of Tamarix, an introduced species with high salinity tolerance. Revegetation of hydrologically disconnected floodplains and terraces after Tamarix removal is often difficult because of limited knowledge...
Arsenic in the evolution of earth and extraterrestrial ecosystems
R.S. Oremland, C.W. Saltikov, Felisa Wolfe-Simon, J.F. Stolz
2009, Geomicrobiology Journal (26) 522-536
If you were asked to speculate about the form extra-terrestrial life on Mars might take, which geomicrobial phenomenon might you select as a model system, assuming that life on Mars would be ‘primitive’? Give your reasons.At the end of my senior year at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1968, I...
Analysis of hydromechanical well tests in fractured sedimentary rock at the NAWC site, New Jersey
L.C. Murdoch, D.B. Hisz, J.F. Ebenhack, D.E. Fowler, C. R. Tiedeman, L.N. Germanovich
2009, Conference Paper, 43rd U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium and 4th U.S.-Canada Rock Mechanics Symposium
No abstract available....
Relationship between body condition of American alligators and water depth in the Everglades, Florida
Ikuko Fujisaki, Kenneth G. Rice, Leonard G. Pearlstine, Frank J. Mazzotti
2009, Hydrobiologia (635) 329-338
Feeding opportunities of American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) in freshwater wetlands in south Florida are closely linked to hydrologic conditions. In the Everglades, seasonally and annually fluctuating surface water levels affect populations of aquatic organisms that alligators consume. Since prey becomes more concentrated when water depth decreases, we hypothesized an inverse...
A comparison of pre- and post-remediation water quality, Mineral Creek, Colorado
R.L. Runkel, K.E. Bencala, B. A. Kimball, K. Walton-Day, P. L. Verplanck
2009, Hydrological Processes (23) 3319-3333
Pre- and post-remediation data sets are used herein to assess the effectiveness of remedial measures implemented in the headwaters of the Mineral Creek watershed, where contamination from hard rock mining has led to elevated metal concentrations and acidic pH. Collection of pre- and post-remediation data sets generally followed the synoptic...
Elevated naturally occurring arsenic in a semiarid oxidizing system, Southern High Plains aquifer, Texas, USA
Bridget R. Scanlon, J.-P. Nicot, R.C. Reedy, D. Kurtzman, A. Mukherjee, D. Kirk Nordstrom
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 2061-2071
High groundwater As concentrations in oxidizing systems are generally associated with As adsorption onto hydrous metal (Al, Fe or Mn) oxides and mobilization with increased pH. The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution, sources and mobilization mechanisms of As in the Southern High Plains (SHP) aquifer, Texas,...
Effects of introduced fish on macroinvertebrate communities in historically fishless headwater and kettle lakes
Emily Gaenzle Schilling, Cynthia S. Loftin, Alexander D. Huryn
2009, Biological Conservation (142) 3030-3038
Widespread fish introductions have led to a worldwide decline in the number of fishless lakes and their associated communities. Studies assessing effects of fish stocking on native communities in historically fishless lakes have been limited to high-elevation headwater lakes stocked with non-native trout. Little is known about the effect of...
Biological soil crusts exhibit a dynamic response to seasonal rain and release from grazing with implications for soil stability
Aguilar A. Jimenez, E. Huber-Sannwald, J. Belnap, D.R. Smart, Moreno J.T. Arredondo
2009, Journal of Arid Environments (73) 1158-1169
In Northern Mexico, long-term grazing has substantially degraded semiarid landscapes. In semiarid systems, ecological and hydrological processes are strongly coupled by patchy plant distribution and biological soil crust (BSC) cover in plant-free interspaces. In this study, we asked: 1) how responsive are BSC cover/composition to a drying/wetting cycle and two-year...
Enantiomer fractions of chlordane components in sediment from U.S. Geological Survey sites in lakes and rivers
E.M. Ulrich, W.T. Foreman, P. C. Van Metre, J.T. Wilson, S.A. Rounds
2009, Science of the Total Environment (407) 5884-5893
Spatial, temporal, and sediment-type trends in enantiomer signatures were evaluated for cis- and trans-chlordane (CC, TC) in archived core, suspended, and surficial-sediment samples from six lake, reservoir, and river sites across the United States. The enantiomer fractions (EFs) measured in these samples are in good agreement with those reported for sediment, soil,...
Age-distribution estimation for karst groundwater: Issues of parameterization and complexity in inverse modeling by convolution
Andrew J. Long, L.D. Putnam
2009, Journal of Hydrology (376) 579-588
Convolution modeling is useful for investigating the temporal distribution of groundwater age based on environmental tracers. The framework of a quasi-transient convolution model that is applicable to two-domain flow in karst aquifers is presented. The model was designed to provide an acceptable level of statistical confidence in parameter estimates when...
Fluvial fluxes of water, suspended particulate matter, and nutrients and potential impacts on tropical coastal water Biogeochemistry: Oahu, Hawai'i
D.J. Hoover, F.T. MacKenzie
2009, Aquatic Geochemistry (15) 547-570
Baseflow and storm runoff fluxes of water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and nutrients (N and P) were assessed in conservation, urban, and agricultural streams discharging to coastal waters around the tropical island of Oahu, Hawai'i. Despite unusually low storm frequency and intensity during the study, storms accounted for 8-77% (median...
The changing global carbon cycle: Linking plant-soil carbon dynamics to global consequences
F. S. Chapin III, J. McFarland, David A. McGuire, E.S. Euskirchen, Roger W. Ruess, K. Kielland
2009, Journal of Ecology (97) 840-850
Most current climate-carbon cycle models that include the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle are based on a model developed 40 years ago by Woodwell & Whittaker (1968) and omit advances in biogeochemical understanding since that time. Their model treats net C emissions from ecosystems as the balance between net primary production...
High-quality unsaturated zone hydraulic property data for hydrologic applications
Kimberlie Perkins, John R. Nimmo
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
In hydrologic studies, especially those using dynamic unsaturated zone moisture modeling, calculations based on property transfer models informed by hydraulic property databases are often used in lieu of measured data from the site of interest. Reliance on database-informed predicted values has become increasingly common with the use of neural networks....
Obtaining parsimonious hydraulic conductivity fields using head and transport observations: A Bayesian geostatistical parameter estimation approach
Michael N. Fienen, R. Hunt, D. Krabbenhoft, T. Clemo
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Flow path delineation is a valuable tool for interpreting the subsurface hydrogeochemical environment. Different types of data, such as groundwater flow and transport, inform different aspects of hydrogeologic parameter values (hydraulic conductivity in this case) which, in turn, determine flow paths. This work combines flow and transport information to estimate...
Estimating 3D variation in active-layer thickness beneath arctic streams using ground-penetrating radar
T.R. Brosten, J.H. Bradford, J. P. McNamara, M.N. Gooseff, J.P. Zarnetske, W.B. Bowden, M.E. Johnston
2009, Journal of Hydrology (373) 479-486
We acquired three-dimensional (3D) ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data across three stream sites on the North Slope, AK, in August 2005, to investigate the dependence of thaw depth on channel morphology. Data were migrated with mean velocities derived from multi-offset GPR profiles collected across a stream section within each of the...
Hydrologic and biogeochemical controls of river subsurface solutes under agriculturally enhanced ground water flow
R.A. Wildman Jr., Joseph L. Domagalski, J. G. Hering
2009, Journal of Environmental Quality (38) 1830-1840
The relative influences of hydrologic processes and biogeochemistry on the transport and retention of minor solutes were compared in the riverbed of the lower Merced River (California, USA). The subsurface of this reach receives ground water discharge and surface water infiltration due to an altered hydraulic setting resulting from agricultural...
A regional soil and sediment geochemical study in northern California
M. B. Goldhaber, J.M. Morrison, J.M. Holloway, R. B. Wanty, D.R. Helsel, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1482-1499
Regional-scale variations in soil geochemistry were investigated in a 20,000-km2 study area in northern California that includes the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, the southern Sacramento Valley and the northern Coast Ranges. Over 1300 archival soil samples collected from the late 1970s to 1980 in El Dorado, Placer, Sutter,...
Flowpath independent monitoring of reductive dechlorination potential in a fractured rock aquifer
P. M. Bradley, P.J. Lacombe, T.E. Imbrigiotta, F. H. Chapelle, D.J. Goode
2009, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (29) 46-55
The flowpath dependent approaches that are typically employed to assess biodegradation of chloroethene contaminants in unconsolidated aquifers are problematic in fractured rock settings, due to difficulties defining discrete groundwater flowpaths in such systems. In this study, the variation in the potential for chloroethene biodegradation with depth...
Not all water becomes wine: Sulfur inputs as an opportune tracer of hydrochemical losses from vineyards
Eve-Lyn S. Hinckley, Carol Kendall, Keith Loague
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
California's widespread and economically important vineyards offer substantial opportunities to understand the interface between hydrology and biogeochemistry in agricultural soils. The common use of native sulfur (S) as a fumigant or soil additive provides a novel way to isotopically differentiate among sulfate (SO42−) pools, allowing the estimation of water and...
High-resolution hydro- and geo-stratigraphy at Atlantic Coastal Plain drillhole CR-622 (Strat 8)
B.M. Wrege, J. Jeffery Isely
2009, Stratigraphy (6) 79-86
We interpret borehole geophysical logs in conjunction with lithology developed from continuous core to produce high-resolution hydro- and geo-stratigraphic profiles for the drillhole CR-622 (Strat 8) in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North Carolina. The resulting hydrologic and stratigraphic columns show a generalized relation between hydrologic and geologic units. Fresh-water...
Implications of the fluvial history of the Wacheqsa River for hydrologic engineering and water use at Chavín de Húntar, Peru
Daniel A. Contreras, David K. Keefer
2009, Geoarchaeology (24) 589-618
Channeling of water through a variety of architectural features represents a significant engineering investment at the first millennium B.C. ceremonial center of Chavín de Huántar in the Peruvian Central Andes. The site contains extensive evidence of the manipulation of water, apparently for diverse purposes. The present configuration of the two...
Does sulphate enrichment promote the expansion of Typha domingensis (cattail) in the Florida Everglades?
S. Li, I.A. Mendelssohn, Chen Hao, W. H. Orem
2009, Freshwater Biology (54) 1909-1923
1. The expansion of Typha domingensis into areas once dominated by Cladium jamaicense in the Florida Everglades has been attributed to altered hydrology and phosphorus enrichment, although increased concentrations of sulphate and phosphorus often coincide. The potential importance of hydrogen sulphide produced from sulphate in the expansion of Typha has...
A simple approach to distinguish land-use and climate-change effects on watershed hydrology
M.D. Tomer, K. E. Schilling
2009, Journal of Hydrology (376) 24-33
Impacts of climate change on watershed hydrology are subtle compared to cycles of drought and surplus precipitation (PPT), and difficult to separate from effects of land-use change. In the US Midwest, increasing baseflow has been more attributed to increased annual cropping than climate change. The agricultural changes have led to...
Effects of urbanization on stream water quality in the city of Atlanta, Georgia, USA
N.E. Peters
2009, Hydrological Processes (23) 2860-2878
A long-term stream water quality monitoring network was established in the city of Atlanta, Georgia during 2003 to assess baseline water quality conditions and the effects of urbanization on stream water quality. Routine hydrologically based manual stream sampling, including several concurrent manual point and equal width increment sampling, was conducted...
