Evidence for continental-scale dispersal of antimicrobial resistant bacteria by landfill-foraging gulls
Christina Ahlstrom, Marielle L. van Toor, Hanna Woksepp, Jeffrey C Chandler, John Reed, Andrew B. Reeves, Jonas Waldenström, Alan B. Franklin, David C. Douglas, Jonas Bonnedahl, Andrew M. Ramey
2021, Article
Anthropogenic inputs into the environment may serve as sources of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and alter the ecology and population dynamics of synanthropic wild animals by providing supplemental forage. In this study, we used a combination of phenotypic and genomic approaches to characterize antimicrobial resistant indicator bacteria, animal telemetry to describe...
Identification of seasonal streamflow regimes and streamflow drivers for daily and peak flows in Alaska
Janet H. Curran, Frances E. Biles
2021, Water Resources Research (57)
Alaska is among northern high‐latitude regions where accelerated climate change is expected to impact streamflow properties, including seasonality and primary flow drivers. Evaluating changes to streamflow, including flood characteristics, across this large and diverse environment can be improved by identifying the distribution and influence of flow drivers. Using metrics of...
Evidence of post-breeding prospecting in a long-distance migrant.
Max Ciaglo, Ross Calhoun, Scott W Yanco, Michael B. Wunder, Craig A. Stricker, Brian D Linkhart
2021, Ecology and Evolution (11) 599-611
Organisms assess biotic and abiotic cues at multiple sites when deciding where to settle. However, due to temporal constraints on this prospecting, the suitability of available habitat may be difficult for an individual to assess when cues are most reliable, or at the time they are making settlement decisions....
Effects of postfire climate and seed availability on postfire conifer regeneration
Joseph A E Stewart, Phillip J. van Mantgem, Derek J N Young, Kristen L. Shive, Haiganoush K. Preisler, Adrian Das, Nathan L. Stephenson, Jon Keeley, Hugh D. Safford, Micah C. Wright, Kevin R Welch, James H. Thorne
2021, Ecological Applications (31)
Large, severe fires are becoming more frequent in many forest types across the western United States and have resulted in tree mortality across tens of thousands of hectares. Conifer regeneration in these areas is limited because seeds must travel long distances to reach the interior of...
Revisiting California’s past great earthquakes and long-term earthquake rate
Susan E. Hough, Morgan T. Page, Leah Salditch, Molly M. Gallahue, Madeleine C. Lucas, James S. Neely, Seth Stein
2021, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (111) 356-370
In this study, we revisit the three largest historical earthquakes in California—the 1857 Fort Tejon, 1872 Owens Valley, and 1906 San Francisco earthquakes—to review their published moment magnitudes, and compare their estimated shaking distributions with predictions using modern ground‐motion models (GMMs) and ground‐motion intensity conversion equations. Currently accepted moment magnitude...
Modeling areal measures of campsite impacts on the Appalachian National Scenic Trail to enhance ecological sustainability
Johanna R. Arredondo, Jeffrey L. Marion, Fletcher P. Meadema, Jeremy F. Wimpey
2021, Journal of Environmental Management (279)
Campsite impacts in protected natural areas are most effectively minimized by a containment strategy that focuses use on a limited number of sustainable campsites that spatially concentrate camping activities. This research employs spatial autoregressive (SAR) modeling to evaluate the relative influence...
Performance of the ecosystem demography model (EDv2.2) in simulating gross primary production capacity and activity in a dryland study area
Hamid Dashti, Karun Pandit, Nancy F. Glenn, Douglas J. Shinneman, Gerald N. Flerchinger, Andrew A. Hudak, Marie Anne de Graaf, Alejandro N Flores, Susan L. Ustin, Nayani Ilangakoon, Aaron W. Fellows
2021, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (297)
Dryland ecosystems play an important role in the global carbon cycle, including regulating the inter-annual global carbon sink. Dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) are essential tools that can help us better understand carbon cycling in different ecosystems. Currently, there is limited knowledge of the performance of these models in drylands...
Heed the data gap: Guidelines for using incomplete datasets in annual stream temperature analyses
Zachary C. Johnson, Brittany G. Johnson, Martin A. Briggs, Craig D. Snyder, Nathaniel P. Hitt, Warren Devine
2021, Ecological Indicators (122)
Stream temperature data are useful for deciphering watershed processes important for aquatic ecosystems. Accurately extracting signal trends from stream temperature is essential for predicting responses of environmental and ecological indicators to change. Missing data periods are common for various reasons, and...
The 2018 update of the US National Seismic Hazard Model: Additional period and site class data
Allison Shumway, Mark D. Petersen, Peter M. Powers, Sanaz Rezaeian, Kenneth S. Rukstales, Brandon Clayton
2021, Earthquake Spectra (37) 1145-1161
As part of the update of the 2018 National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for the conterminous United States (CONUS), new ground motion and site effect models for the central and eastern United States were incorporated, as well as basin depths from local seismic velocity models in four western US (WUS)...
The impact of ventilation patterns on calcite dissolution rates within karst conduits
Matthew D. Covington, Katherine J. Knierim, Holly H Young, Josue Rodriguez, Hannah Gnoza
2021, Journal of Hydrology (593)
Erosion rates in streams vary dramatically over time, as differences in streamflow and sediment load enhance or inhibit erosion processes. Within cave streams, and other bedrock channels incising soluble rocks, changes in water chemistry are an important factor in determining how erosion rates will vary in both time and space....
Examining the potential conflict between sea otter recovery and Dungeness crab fisheries in California
Andre M. Boustany, David Hernandez, Emily A Miller, Fujii. Jessica, Teri E. Nicholson, Joseph A. Tomoleoni, Kyle S. Van Houtan
2021, Biological Conservation (253)
Human exploitation of marine mammals led to precipitous declines in many wild populations within the last three centuries. Legal protections enacted throughout the 20th century have enabled the recovery of many of these species and some recoveries have resulted in conflict...
Evaluating management options to reduce Lake Erie algal blooms using an ensemble of watershed models
Jay F. Martin, Margaret M Kalcic, Noel Aloysis, Anna Apostel, Michael Brooker, Grey R. Evenson, Jeffrey B Kast, Haley Kujawa, Asmita Murumkar, Richard Becker, Chelsie Boles, Remegio Confesor, Awoke T Dagnew, Tian Guo, Colleen M Long, Rebecca Logsdon Muenich, Donald Scavia, Todd Redder, Dale M. Robertson, Yu-Chen Wang
2021, Journal of Environmental Management (280)
Reducing harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie, situated between the United States and Canada, requires implementing best management practices to decrease nutrient loading from upstream sources. Bi-national water quality targets have been set for total and dissolved phosphorus loads, with the ultimate goal of...
Spatial capture–recapture with random thinning for unidentified encounters
Jose Jimenez, Ben Augustine, Daniel W. Linden, Richard B. Chandler, J. Andrew Royle
2021, Ecology & Evolution (11) 1187-1198
Spatial capture–recapture (SCR) models have increasingly been used as a basis for combining capture–recapture data types with variable levels of individual identity information to estimate population density and other demographic parameters. Recent examples are the unmarked SCR (or spatial count model), where no individual identities are available and spatial...
Quantifying plant-soil-nutrient dynamics in rangelands: Fusion of UAV hyperspectral-LiDAR, UAV multispectral-photogrammetry, and ground-based LiDAR-digital photography in a shrub-encroached desert grassland
Joel B. Sankey, Temuulen T. Sankey, Junran Li, Sujith Ravi, Guan Wang, Joshua Caster, Alan Kasprak
2021, Remote Sensing of Environment (253)
Rangelands cover 70% of the world's land surface, and provide critical ecosystem services of primary production, soil carbon storage, and nutrient cycling. These ecosystem services are governed by very fine-scale spatial patterning of soil carbon, nutrients, and plant species at the centimeter-to-meter scales, a phenomenon known as “islands of fertility”....
Shifts in the wintering distribution and abundance of Emperor Geese in Alaska
Brian D. Uher-Koch, Raymond M. Buccheit, Charles R. Eldermire, Heather M. Wilson, Joel A. Schmutz
2021, Global Ecology and Conservation (25)
For wildlife species that winter at northern latitudes, harsh overwinter conditions can play an important role in population dynamics. Recent changes in global temperatures have resulted in distributional shifts of wildlife species, as well as amelioration of winter climates in northern...
Multi-geophysical parameter classification of the Montserrat geothermal system
Racine A. Basant, Graham A. Ryan, Jared R. Peacock, Antonio G. Camacho, Oshaine O. Blake, Stefanie Hautmann, Bridget Y. Lynne
2021, Geothermics (90)
Multi-geophysical parameter classification can help to reduce the uncertainties of interpretations that often rely on one geophysical technique. Integrating these varying datasets requires a more robust classification approach rather than traditional qualitative methods. In this study, we applied the Fuzzy c-means...
Influence of niche breadth and position on the historical biogeography of seafaring scincid lizards
Jonathan Q. Richmond, Hidetoshi Ota, L Lee Grismer, Robert N. Fisher
2021, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society (132) 74-92
Niche breadth and position can influence diversification among closely related species or populations, yet limited empirical data exist concerning the predictability of the outcomes. We explored the effects of these factors on the evolution of the Emoia atrocostata species group, an insular radiation of lizards in the western Pacific Ocean and...
Monitoring volcanic deformation
Maurizio Battaglia, Jorge Alpala, Rosa Alpala, Mario Angarita, Dario Arcos, Leonardo Euillades, Pablo Euillades, Cyril Muller, Lourdes Narvaez
2021, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of geology
Deformation signals recorded at volcanoes have long been used to infer the processes behind subsurface magma intrusions. Monitoring strategies vary greatly depending on several factors such as the activity of the individual volcano, access, available personnel, and funding.Certain geodetic monitoring methods, such as Electronic Distance Measurements, are inexpensive but require that scientists...
Interactive PHREEQ-N-AMDTreat water-quality modeling tools to evaluate performance and design of treatment systems for acid mine drainage
Charles A. Cravotta III
2021, Applied Geochemistry (126)
The PHREEQ-N-AMDTreat aqueous geochemical modeling tools described herein simulate changes in pH and solute concentrations resulting from passive and active treatment of acidic or alkaline mine drainage (AMD). The “user-friendly” interactive tools, which are publicly available software, utilize PHREEQC equilibrium aqueous and surface speciation models and...
Predator and prey events at the entrance of a surface‐oriented fish collector at North Fork Dam, Oregon
Collin D. Smith, John M. Plumb, Noah S. Adams, Garth J Wyatt
2021, Fisheries Management and Ecology (28) 172-182
Quantifiable estimates of predator–prey interactions and relationships in aquatic habitats are difficult to obtain and rare, especially when individuals cannot be readily observed. To overcome this observational impediment, imaging sonar was used to assess the cooccurrence of predator‐size fish and juvenile salmonids, Oncorhynchus spp., at the entrance to a floating surface collector...
Climate and Ecological Disturbance Analysis of Engelmann spruce and Douglas fir in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
Brittany Rinaldi, R. Stockton Maxwell, Thomas Callahan, Rebecca Lynn Brice, Karen Heeter, Grant L. Harley
2021, Trees, Forests, and People (3)
The effects of anthropogenic climate change are apparent in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), USA, with forest die-off, insect outbreaks, and wildfires impacting forest ecosystems. A long-term perspective would enable assessment of the historical range of variability in forest ecosystems and better...
Drivers and projections of ice phenology in mountain lakes in the western United States
Timothy J Caldwell, Sudeep Chandra, Thomas Albright, Adrian Harpold, Thomas Dills, Jonathan Greenberg, Steven Sadro, Michael D. Dettinger
2021, Limnology and Oceanography (66) 995-1008
Climate change is causing rapid warming and altered precipitation patterns in mountain watersheds, both of which influence the timing of ice breakup in mountain lakes. To enable predictions of ice breakup in the future, we analyzed a dataset of mountain lake ice breakup dates derived from remote sensing and historical...
Is there enough water? How bearish and bullish outlooks are linked to decision-maker perspectives on environmental flows
Sean M. Wineland, Rachel Fovargue, Betsey York, Abigail Lynch, Craig P. Paukert, Thomas M. Neeson
2021, Journal of Environmental Management (280)
Policies that mandate environmental flows (e-flows) can be powerful tools for freshwater conservation, but implementation of these policies faces many hurdles. To better understand these challenges, we explored two key questions: (1) What additional data are needed to implement e-flows? and...
Time-to-detection occupancy methods: Performance and utility for improving efficiency of surveys
Brian J. Halstead, Jonathan P. Rose, Patrick M. Kleeman
2021, Ecological Applications (31)
Occupancy methods propelled the quantitative study of species distributions forward by separating the observation process, or the imperfect detectability of species, from the ecological processes of interest governing species distributions. Occupancy studies come at a cost, however: the collection of additional data to account for nondetections...
Detectability and abundance of snowy plovers at Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge, Oklahoma
K. M. Heath-Acre, W. C. Conway, Clint W. Boal, D. P. Collins, G. Hensley, W. P. Johnson, P. M. Schmidt
2021, Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management (12) 50-60
In the past two decades, Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge has been increasingly recognized as important habitat for both breeding and migratory shorebirds. North American snowy plovers Charadrius nivosus in particular rely on the nearly 5,000-ha salt flat at Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge, which thousands use as breeding and stopover habitat....
