Geolocation of man-made reservoirs across terrains of varying complexity using GIS
D.M. Mixon, D.A. Kinner, R.F. Stallard, J.P.M. Syvitski
2008, Computers & Geosciences (34) 1184-1197
The Reservoir Sedimentation Survey Information System (RESIS) is one of the world's most comprehensive databases of reservoir sedimentation rates, comprising nearly 6000 surveys for 1819 reservoirs across the continental United States. Sediment surveys in the database date from 1904 to 1999, though more than 95% of surveys were entered prior...
Groundwater discharge along a channelized Coastal Plain stream
D.M. LaSage, Joshua L. Sexton, A. Mukherjee, A.E. Fryar, S.F. Greb
2008, Journal of Hydrology (360) 252-264
In the Coastal Plain of the southeastern USA, streams have commonly been artificially channelized for flood control and agricultural drainage. However, groundwater discharge along such streams has received relatively little attention. Using a combination of stream- and spring-flow measurements, spring temperature measurements, temperature profiling along the stream-bed, and geologic mapping,...
Assessing streamflow characteristics as limiting factors on benthic invertebrate assemblages in streams across the western United States
C.P. Konrad, A.M.D. Brasher, J. T. May
2008, Freshwater Biology (53) 1983-1998
1. Human use of land and water resources modifies many streamflow characteristics, which can have significant ecological consequences. Streamflow and invertebrate data collected at 111 sites in the western U.S.A. were analysed to identify streamflow characteristics (magnitude, frequency, duration, timing and variation) that are probably to limit characteristics of benthic...
Evaluating regional patterns in nitrate sources to watersheds in national parks of the Rocky Mountains using nitrate isotopes
L. Nanus, M.W. Williams, K. Campbell, E.M. Elliott, C. Kendall
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 6487-6493
In the Rocky Mountains, there is uncertainty about the source areas and emission types that contribute to nitrate (NO3) deposition, which can adversely affect sensitive aquatic habitats of high-elevation watersheds. Regional patterns in NO3 deposition sources were evaluated using NO3 isotopes in five National Parks, including 37 lakes and 7...
Linking runoff response to burn severity after a wildfire
J. A. Moody, D.A. Martin, S.L. Haire, D.A. Kinner
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 2063-2074
Extreme floods often follow wildfire in mountainous watersheds. However, a quantitative relation between the runoff response and burn severity at the watershed scale has not been established. Runoff response was measured as the runoff coefficient C, which is equal to the peak discharge per unit drainage area divided by the...
Carbon isotope fractionation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) due to outgassing of carbon dioxide from a headwater stream
D.H. Doctor, C. Kendall, S.D. Sebestyen, J. B. Shanley, N. Ohte, E.W. Boyer
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 2410-2423
The stable isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (??13C-DIC) was investigated as a potential tracer of streamflow generation processes at the Sleepers River Research Watershed, Vermont, USA. Downstream sampling showed ?? 13C-DIC increased between 3-5??? from the stream source to the outlet weir approximately 0??5 km downstream, concomitant with increasing...
Humid tropical forest clearing from 2000 to 2005 quantified by using multitemporal and multiresolution remotely sensed data
Matthew C. Hansen, S.V. Stehman, Peter V. Potapov, Thomas R. Loveland, J.R.G. Townshend, R.S. DeFries, K.W. Pittman, B. Arunarwati, F. Stolle, M.K. Steininger, M. Carroll, C. DiMiceli
2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (105) 9439-9444
Forest cover is an important input variable for assessing changes to carbon stocks, climate and hydrological systems, biodiversity richness, and other sustainability science disciplines. Despite incremental improvements in our ability to quantify rates of forest clearing, there is still no definitive understanding on global trends. Without timely and accurate forest...
Methanogenic pathways of coal-bed gas in the Powder River Basin, United States: The geologic factor
R. M. Flores, C. A. Rice, G. D. Stricker, A. Warden, M.S. Ellis
2008, International Journal of Coal Geology (76) 52-75
Coal-bed gas of the Tertiary Fort Union and Wasatch Formations in the Powder River Basin in Wyoming and Montana, U.S. was interpreted as microbial in origin by previous studies based on limited data on the gas and water composition and isotopes associated with the coal beds. To fully evaluate the...
Photoreduction fuels biogeochemical cycling of iron in Spain's acid rivers
C.H. Gammons, D. A. Nimick, S.R. Parker, D.M. Snyder, R. Blaine McCleskey, R. Amils, S.R. Poulson
2008, Chemical Geology (252) 202-213
A number of investigations have shown that photoreduction of Fe(III) causes midday accumulations of dissolved Fe(II) in rivers and lakes, leading to large diel (24-h) fluctuations in the concentration and speciation of total dissolved iron. Less well appreciated is the importance of photoreduction in...
What was the groundwater quality before mining in a mineralized region? Lessons from the Questa Project
D. Kirk Nordstrom
2008, Geosciences Journal (12) 139-149
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department and supported by Molycorp, Inc (currently Chevron Minerals), has completed a 5-year investigation (2001-2006) to determine the pre-mining ground-water quality at Molycorp's Questa molybdenum mine in northern New Mexico. Current mine-site ground waters are often contaminated with mine-waste...
Global daily reference evapotranspiration modeling and evaluation
G.B. Senay, J. P. Verdin, R. Lietzow, Assefa M. Melesse
2008, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (44) 969-979
Accurate and reliable evapotranspiration (ET) datasets are crucial in regional water and energy balance studies. Due to the complex instrumentation requirements, actual ET values are generally estimated from reference ET values by adjustment factors using coefficients for water stress and vegetation conditions, commonly referred to as crop coefficients. Until recently,...
Geochemical evidence for hydroclimatic variability over the last 2460 years from Crevice Lake in Yellowstone National Park, USA
L.R. Stevens, W.E. Dean
2008, Quaternary International (188) 139-148
A 2460-year-long hydroclimatic record for Crevice Lake, Yellowstone National Park, Montana was constructed from the ??18O values of endogenic carbonates. The ??18O record is compared to the Palmer Hydrologic Drought Index (PHDI) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) indices, as well as inferred discharge of the Yellowstone River. During the last...
Catchment data for process conceptualization: Simply not enough?
C. Soulsby, C. Neal, H. Laudon, Douglas A. Burns, P. Merot, M. Bonell, S.M. Dunn, D. Tetzlaff
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 2057-2061
[No abstract available]...
Reactive flow models of the Anarraaq Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, Red Dog district, Alaska
C. Schardt, G. Garven, K.D. Kelley, D. L. Leach
2008, Mineralium Deposita (43) 735-757
The Red Dog ore deposit district in the Brooks Range of northern Alaska is host to several high-grade, shale-hosted Zn + Pb deposits. Due to the complex history and deformation of these ore deposits, the geological and hydrological conditions at the time of formation are poorly understood. Using geological observations...
The application of electrical conductivity as a tracer for hydrograph separation in urban catchments
B.A. Pellerin, W. M. Wollheim, X. Feng, C.J. Vororsmarty
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 1810-1818
Two-component hydrograph separation was performed on 19 low-to-moderate intensity rainfall events in a 4.1-km2 urban watershed to infer the relative and absolute contribution of surface runoff (e.g. new water) to stormflow generation between 2001 and 2003. The electrical conductivity (EC) of water was used as a continuous and inexpensive tracer,...
A national reconnaissance for pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States - II) Untreated drinking water sources
M. J. Focazio, D.W. Kolpin, K.K. Barnes, E. T. Furlong, M. T. Meyer, S.D. Zaugg, L. B. Barber, M.E. Thurman
2008, Science of the Total Environment (402) 201-216
Numerous studies have shown that a variety of manufactured and natural organic compounds such as pharmaceuticals, steroids, surfactants, flame retardants, fragrances, plasticizers and other chemicals often associated with wastewaters have been detected in the vicinity of municipal wastewater discharges and livestock agricultural facilities. To provide new data and insights about...
Distribution and variability of redox zones controlling spatial variability of arsenic in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer, southeastern Arkansas
M.U. Sharif, R.K. Davis, K.F. Steele, B. Kim, P.D. Hays, T.M. Kresse, J.A. Fazio
2008, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (99) 49-67
Twenty one of 118 irrigation water wells in the shallow (25-30??m thick) Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in the Bayou Bartholomew watershed, southeastern Arkansas had arsenic (As) concentrations (< 0.5 to 77????g/L) exceeding 10????g/L. Sediment and groundwater samples were collected and analyzed from the sites of the highest, median, and...
Landscape pattern of seed banks and anthropogenic impacts in forested wetlands of the northern Mississippi River Alluvial Valley
B. Middleton, X.B. Wu
2008, Écoscience (15) 231-240
Agricultural development on floodplains contributes to hydrologic alteration and forest fragmentation, which may alter landscape-level processes. These changes may be related to shifts in the seed bank composition of floodplain wetlands. We examined the patterns of seed bank composition across a floodplain watershed by looking at the number of seeds...
Utilization of protein expression profiles as indicators of environmental impairment of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from the Shenandoah River, Virginia, USA
J. Ripley, L. Iwanowicz, V. Blazer, C. Foran
2008, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (27) 1756-1767
The Shenandoah River (VA, USA), the largest tributary of the Potomac River (MD, USA) and an important source of drinking water, has been the site of extensive fish kills since 2004. Previous investigations indicate environmental stressors may be adversely modulating the immune system of smallmouth bass...
Method for estimating spatially variable seepage loss and hydraulic conductivity in intermittent and ephemeral streams
R.G. Niswonger, David E. Prudic, G.E. Fogg, David A. Stonestrom, E.M. Buckland
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
A method is presented for estimating seepage loss and streambed hydraulic conductivity along intermittent and ephemeral streams using streamflow front velocities in initially dry channels. The method uses the kinematic wave equation for routing streamflow in channels coupled to Philip's equation for infiltration. The coupled model considers variations in seepage...
Climate-induced variations of geyser periodicity in Yellowstone National Park, USA
Shaul Hurwitz, Ashish Kumar, Ralph Taylor, Henry Heasler
2008, Geology (36) 451-454
The geysers of Yellowstone National Park, United States, attract millions of visitors each year, and their eruption dynamics have been the subject of extensive research for more than a century. Although many of the fundamental aspects associated with the dynamics of geyser eruptions have been elucidated, the relationship between external...
Climatically driven loss of calcium in steppe soil as a sink for atmospheric carbon
A.G. Lapenis, G.B. Lawrence, S.W. Bailey, B.F. Aparin, A.I. Shiklomanov, N.A. Speranskaya, M.S. Torn, M. Calef
2008, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (22)
During the last several thousand years the semi-arid, cold climate of the Russian steppe formed highly fertile soils rich in organic carbon and calcium (classified as Chernozems in the Russian system). Analysis of archived soil samples collected in Kemannaya Steppe Preserve in 1920, 1947, 1970, and fresh samples collected in...
A reference data set of hillslope rainfall-runoff response, Panola Mountain Research Watershed, United States
Meerveld H. J. Tromp-van H. J., A.L. James, Jeffery J. McDonnell, N.E. Peters
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
Although many hillslope hydrologic investigations have been conducted in different climate, topographic, and geologic settings, subsurface stormflow remains a poorly characterized runoff process. Few, if any, of the existing data sets from these hillslope investigations are available for use by the scientific community for model development and validation or conceptualization...
Hydrocarbon lakes on Titan: Distribution and interaction with a porous regolith
A. Hayes, O. Aharonson, P. Callahan, C. Elachi, Y. Gim, Randolph L. Kirk, K. Lewis, R. Lopes, R. Lorenz, J. Lunine, Ken Mitchell, Giuseppe Mitri, E. Stofan, S. Wall
2008, Geophysical Research Letters (35)
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images of Titan's north polar region reveal quasi‐circular to complex features which are interpreted to be liquid hydrocarbon lakes. We investigate methane transport in Titan's hydrologic cycle using the global distribution of lake features. As of May 2007, the SAR data set covers ∼22% of the...
Deep drilling into the Chesapeake Bay impact structure
G. S. Gohn, C. Koeberl, K.G. Miller, W.U. Reimold, J.V. Browning, C.S. Cockell, J. Wright Horton Jr., T. Kenkmann, A.A. Kulpecz, D.S. Powars, W. E. Sanford, M.A. Voytek
2008, Science (320) 1740-1745
Samples from a 1.76-kilometer-deep corehole drilled near the center of the late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure (Virginia, USA) reveal its geologic, hydrologic, and biologic history. We conducted stratigraphic and petrologic analyses of the cores to elucidate the timing and results of impact-melt creation and distribution, transient-cavity collapse, and ocean-water...
