Two episodes of meltwater influx from glacial Lake Agassiz into the Lake Michigan basin and their climatic contrasts
Steven M. Colman, L.D. Keigwin, R. M. Forester
1994, Geology (22) 547-550
Two episodes of meltwater influx from glacial Lake Agassiz are recorded as prominent sedimentologic, isotopic, magnetic, and faunal signatures in southern Lake Michigan profundal sediments. As a tributary to the main path of eastward Lake Agassiz flow, southern Lake Michigan recorded only the largest, catastrophic discharges. The distinctive Wilmette Bed,...
Origin of phenocrysts and compositional diversity in pre-Mazama rhyodacite lavas, Crater Lake, Oregon
S. Nakada, C. R. Bacon, A.E. Gartner
1994, Journal of Petrology (35) 127-162
Phenocrysts in porphyritic volcanic rocks may originate in a variety of ways in addition to nucleation and growth in the matrix in which they are found. Porphyritic rhyodacite lavas that underlie the eastern half of Mount Mazama, the High Cascade andesite/dacite volcano that contains Crater Lake caldera, contain evidence that...
Chaotic deposition by a giant wave, Molokai, Hawaii
J.G. Moore, W.B. Bryan, K.R. Ludwig
1994, Geological Society of America Bulletin (106) 962-967
A coral-basalt breccia-conglomerate is exposed >60m above present sea level and nearly 2km inland from the present shoreline on the southwest side of East Molokai Volcano. This deposits was apparently laid down by a giant wave that broke over an outer reef, similar to the present fringing reef, and advanced...
Sources and transport of sediment, nutrients, and oxygen-demanding substances in the Minnesota River basin, 1989-92
G. A. Payne
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4232
The Minnesota River, 10 major tributaries, and 21 springs were sampled to determine the sources and transport of sediment, nutrients, and oxygen- demanding substances. The study was part of a four-year assessment of non-point source pollution in the Minnesota River Basin. Runoff from tributary watersheds was identified as the primary...
Dissolution of bedded rock salt: A seismic profile across the active eastern margin of the Hutchinson Salt Member, central Kansas
N.L. Anderson, J. Hopkins, A. Martinez, R.W. Knapp, P. A. Macfarlane, W.L. Watney, R. Black
1994, Computers & Geosciences (20) 889-903
Since late Tertiary, bedded rock salt of the Permian Hutchinson Salt Member has been dissolved more-or-less continuously along its active eastern margin in central Kansas as a result of sustained contact with unconfined, undersaturated groundwater. The associated westward migration of the eastern margin has resulted in surface subsidence and the...
Principal facts for gravity data in the Bethel and Russian Mission 1 degree x 3 degrees quadrangles, Alaska
Robert L. Morin
1994, Open-File Report 94-14-A
Bethel and Russian Mission 1° x 3° quadrangles are located in southwestern Alaska near the mouth of the Kuskokwim River. The Russian Mission quadrangle now has about 266 gravity stations and the Bethel quadrangle has about 485 gravity stations.Riverboat traverses along the Yukon River in the northern part of the...
Deglaciation, lake levels, and meltwater discharge in the Lake Michigan basin
Steven M. Colman, J.A. Clark, L. Clayton, A.K. Hansel, C.E. Larsen
1994, Quaternary Science Reviews (13) 879-890
The deglacial history of the Lake Michigan basin, including discharge and routing of meltwater, is complex because of the interaction among (1) glacial retreats and re-advances in the basin (2) the timing of occupation and the isostatic adjustment of lake outlets and (3) the depositional and erosional processes that left...
Potential effects of the Hawaii Geothermal Project on ground-water resources on the island of Hawaii
M.L. Sorey, E.M. Colvard
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4028
In 1990, the State of Hawaii proposed the Hawaii Geothermal Project for the development of as much as 500 MW of electric power from the geothermal system in the East Rift Zone of Kilauea Volcano. This report uses data from 31 wells and 8 springs to describe the properties of...
Ground-water levels and directions of flow near the Industrial Excess Landfill, Uniontown, Ohio, March 1994
Denise H. Dumouchelle, E. Scott Bair
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4136
Industrial Excess Landfill (IEL), a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Superfund site, is a closed landfill in northeastern Ohio. In March 1994, personnel from the U.S. Geological Survey, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, and PRC Environmental Management, Inc., measured water levels in 149 wells in the area. Surface-water altitudes were measured at...
Revised correlation chart of coal beds, coal zones, and key stratigraphic units in the Pennsylvanian rocks of eastern Kentucky
Charles L. Rice, John K. Hiett
1994, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2275
This report revises Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1188 (Rice and Smith, 1980). Major revisions to the original correlation chart include formal naming of key marine units in Kentucky and replacement of informally named marine units incorrectly projected into Kentucky from adjacent states. Also included in the report is the proper...
Sea otter foraging behavior and hydrocarbon levels in prey
Angela M. Doroff, James L. Bodkin
Thomas R. Loughlin, editor(s)
1994, Book chapter, Marine mammals and the <i>Exxon Valdez</i>
Following the Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS), Prudhoe Bay crude oil from the vessel spread on the sea surface and covered coastal shores from western Prince William Sound (PWS) to the Alaska Peninsula. In PWS alone. acute mortality of sca otters at the time of the spill was estimated to...
Geology of south-central Alaska
Warren J. Nokleberg, George Plafker, Frederic H. Wilson
1994, Book chapter, The geology of Alaska: Volume G-1 of Decade of North American Geology
South-central Alaska is defined as the region bounded by the Kuskokwim Mountains to the northwest, the basins north of the Alaska Range to the north, the Canadian border to the east, and the Chugach Mountains to the south (Fig. 1). This region, hereafter called the study area, includes the Alaska...
Guidebook on the geology, history, and surface-water contamination and remediation in the area from Denver to Idaho Springs, Colorado
Ronald C. Severson
K. C. Stewart, editor(s)
1994, Circular 1097
This guidebook for a 1-day drive in the Front Range west of Denver, Colorado, includes commentary on mountain landscapes, notes on the colorful mining history of the area, and discussions on the geology and some miningrelated environmental hazards in the Idaho Springs area. It was originally prepared as U.S. Geological...
Geologic framework of the Aleutian arc, Alaska
Tracy L. Vallier, David W. Scholl, Michael A. Fisher, Terry R. Bruns, Frederic H. Wilson, Roland E. von Huene, Andrew J. Stevenson
1994, Book chapter, The geology of Alaska: Volume G-1 of Decade of North American Geology
The Aleutian arc is the arcuate arrangement of mountain ranges and flanking submerged margins that forms the northern rim of the Pacific Basin from the Kamchatka Peninsula (Russia) eastward more than 3,000 km to Cooke Inlet (Fig. 1). It consists of two very different segments that meet near Unimak Pass:...
Tonsteins and clay-rich layers in coal-bearing intervals of the Eocene Manning formation, east-central Texas
Leslie F. Ruppert, Peter D. Warwick, Sharon S. Crowley, James Pontolillo
1994, Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions (44) 649-656
Six samples from clay-rich intervals in the coal-bearing upper part of the Eocene Manning Formation were analyzed by scanning-electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence to determine the origin of minerals in the samples. Two samples were from surface-mine exposures of the 3500 coal bed near Bryan, Texas, and the remaining...
Geochemistry of tectonically expelled fluids from the northern Coast ranges, Rumsey Hills, California, USA
M.L. Davisson, T. S. Presser, R.E. Criss
1994, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (58) 1687-1699
Tectonic compression has created abnormally high pressure on deep basinal fluids causing their expulsion from areally exposed Upper Cretaceous rock along the eastern margin of the California Coast ranges. The fluids emerge as near-neutral, perennial sodium chloride springs at high elevations with flow rates as high as 10 L per...
Coal resources, production, and quality in the Eastern kentucky coal field: Perspectives on the future of steam coal production
J.C. Hower, J.K. Hiett, G.D. Wild, C.F. Eble
1994, Nonrenewable Resources (3) 216-236
The Eastern Kentucky coal field, along with adjacent portions of Virginia and southern West Virginia, is part of the greatest production concentration of high-heating-value, low-sulfur coal in the United States, accounting for over 27% of the 1993 U.S. production of coal of all ranks. Eastern Kentucky's production is spread among...
Flood of June 17, 1990, in the Clear Creek Basin, east-central Iowa
K.K. Barnes, D. A. Eash
1994, Open-File Report 94-78
A water-surface-elevation profile for the flood of June 17, 1990, in the Clear Creek Basin, east-central Iowa, is given in this report. The maximum flood-peak discharge of 10,200 cubic feet per second for the streamflow-gaging station on Clear Creek near Coralville, Iowa (station number 05454300), occurred on June 17, 1990....
Submerged and eroded drumlins off northeastern Massachusetts
R. N. Oldale, H.J. Knebel, Michael H. Bothner
1994, Geomorphology (9) 301-309
Streamlined, oval-shaped, oriented topographic highs in Massachusetts Bay are identified as the erosional remnants of drumlins. The topographic highs correlate with outlines of lag gravel deposits on the sea floor and both the highs and lag gravel seafloor footprint have a distinct east-southeast long axis trend. This trend is similar...
The geologic framework of southern Lake Michigan
D.S. Foster, D. W. Folger
1994, Journal of Great Lakes Research (20) 44-60
The bathymetry is controlled by the underlying bedrock. Bedrock comprises Silurian dolomite and Devonian limestone and shale. Quaternary sediment, 10 to 40 m thick, overlies bedrock. From Waukegan, Illinois, south to Indiana Harbor, the bottom is floored by till, sand, pebbles, and cobbvles. The lake floor is erosional or nondepositional...
Herbicides and nitrate in near-surface aquifers in the midcontinental United States, 1991
Dana W. Kolpin, Michael R. Burkart, E. Michael Thurman
1994, Water Supply Paper 2413
The occurrence and distribution of selected herbicides, atrazine metabolites, and nitrate were determined for near-surface aquifers (within 50 feet of land surface) in the corn- and soybean-producing region of the midcontinental United States. The study region included all or parts of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North...
Major 10.2-Ma rhyolitic volcanism in the eastern Snake River plain, Idaho: Isotopic age and stratigraphic setting of the Arbon Valley Tuff Member of the Starlight Formation
Karl S. Kellogg, S. S. Harlan, H. H. Mehnert, L.W. Snee, K. L. Pierce, W. R. Hackett, D. W. Rodgers
1994, Bulletin 2091
No abstract available....
Simulation of rainfall-runoff for basins in the Rolla, Missouri, area
Robert R. Holmes Jr., J. W. East
1994, Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4019
Important rainfall-runoff characteristics for basins in the Rolla, Missouri, area were determined to be overland flow, interception storage, interception losses, evaporation, and infiltration. Using these characteristics, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) was configured for basins in the study area. The data network for the model calibration...
Hydrogeology and simulation of ground-water flow near the Lantana Landfill, Palm Beach County, Florida
G.M. Russell, E. J. Wexler
1993, Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4107
The Lantana landfill in Palm Beach County has a surface that is 40 to 50 feet above original ground level and consists of about 250 acres of compacted garbage and trash. Parts of the landfill are below the water table. Surface-resistivity measurements and water-quality analyses indicate that leachate-enriched ground water...
Comparison of deep structure along three transects of the western North American continental margin
Gary S. Fuis, R.M. Clowes
1993, Tectonics (12) 1420-1435
Similarities in geology and potential field data that have in the past been noted among the regions of southern Alaska, southern Vancouver Island, and central California are now seen to be accompanied by similarities in deep crustal structure. A number of tectonic elements have been identified in the deep structure...
